feat(ios): implement Phase 1 permission methods and fix build issues

Implement checkPermissionStatus() and requestNotificationPermissions()
methods for iOS plugin, matching Android functionality. Fix compilation
errors across plugin files and add comprehensive build/test infrastructure.

Key Changes:
- Add checkPermissionStatus() and requestNotificationPermissions() methods
- Fix 13+ categories of Swift compilation errors (type conversions, logger
  API, access control, async/await, etc.)
- Create DailyNotificationScheduler, DailyNotificationStorage,
  DailyNotificationStateActor, and DailyNotificationErrorCodes components
- Fix CoreData initialization to handle missing model gracefully for Phase 1
- Add iOS test app build script with simulator auto-detection
- Update directive with lessons learned from build and permission work

Build Status: ✅ BUILD SUCCEEDED
Test App: ✅ Ready for iOS Simulator testing

Files Modified:
- doc/directives/0003-iOS-Android-Parity-Directive.md (lessons learned)
- ios/Plugin/DailyNotificationPlugin.swift (Phase 1 methods)
- ios/Plugin/DailyNotificationModel.swift (CoreData fix)
- 11+ other plugin files (compilation fixes)

Files Added:
- ios/Plugin/DailyNotificationScheduler.swift
- ios/Plugin/DailyNotificationStorage.swift
- ios/Plugin/DailyNotificationStateActor.swift
- ios/Plugin/DailyNotificationErrorCodes.swift
- scripts/build-ios-test-app.sh
- scripts/setup-ios-test-app.sh
- test-apps/ios-test-app/ (full test app)
- Multiple Phase 1 documentation files

ios/DailyNotificationPlugin.podspec

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Pod::Spec.new do |s|
   s.source = { :git => 'https://github.com/timesafari/daily-notification-plugin.git', :tag => s.version.to_s }
   s.source_files = 'Plugin/**/*.{swift,h,m,c,cc,mm,cpp}'
   s.ios.deployment_target  = '13.0'
-  s.dependency 'Capacitor', '~> 5.0.0'
-  s.dependency 'CapacitorCordova', '~> 5.0.0'
+  s.dependency 'Capacitor', '>= 5.0.0'
+  s.dependency 'CapacitorCordova', '>= 5.0.0'
   s.swift_version = '5.1'
   s.xcconfig = { 'GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS' => '$(inherited) COCOAPODS=1' }
   s.deprecated = false