WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:16.320 So sorry, I am very late. 00:16.320 --> 00:22.960 And left hand monkey wrench is first. 00:22.960 --> 00:29.760 I'm going to assume that my sound is okay, but just in case I think it should be fine. 00:29.760 --> 00:33.880 I think I figured out what that glitch was a while ago already and have fixed it. 00:33.880 --> 00:39.200 But if you can give me confirmation, synced is good, excellent, excellent, excellent. 00:59.760 --> 01:22.720 I'm afraid that the latest data tells us that we're dealing with essentially a worst-case 01:22.720 --> 01:30.880 scenario. 01:30.880 --> 01:36.480 The scary part of the ship thing seems to be the rumors about it maybe being done via 01:36.480 --> 01:41.840 the internet, by a cyber connectivity or some kind of cyber attack. 01:41.840 --> 01:47.840 I think that's probably a rumor at this stage yet, but just realize that given the shipping 01:47.840 --> 01:55.320 industry that we have, there's lots of different ways to attack the infrastructure of a nation. 01:55.320 --> 01:56.920 Is this a shot across our bow? 01:56.920 --> 01:58.560 Is it a threat or is it just an accident? 01:58.560 --> 01:59.560 I don't know. 01:59.560 --> 02:02.160 I'm a biologist. 02:02.160 --> 02:04.360 I think truth is good for kids. 02:04.360 --> 02:05.360 We're so busy lying. 02:05.360 --> 02:08.600 We don't even recognize the truth no more in this society. 02:08.600 --> 02:10.840 We want everybody to feel good. 02:10.840 --> 02:15.120 That's not the way life is. 02:15.120 --> 02:20.840 But you can tell if someone's lying, you can sort of feel it in people. 02:20.840 --> 02:21.840 And I have lied. 02:21.840 --> 02:22.840 I'm sure I'll lie again. 02:22.840 --> 02:23.840 I don't want to lie. 02:23.840 --> 02:25.440 I don't think I'm a liar. 02:25.440 --> 02:26.440 I try not to be a liar. 02:26.440 --> 02:27.880 I don't want to be a liar. 02:27.880 --> 02:28.880 I think it's like... 02:28.880 --> 02:31.880 Can someone check and see if you can find me on YouTube anywhere? 02:31.880 --> 02:35.240 It would be really handy if somebody could see whether the live stream on YouTube is 02:35.240 --> 02:36.240 going. 02:36.240 --> 02:43.240 I hate to pull away and to take any bandwidth and try to see if I can see it myself. 02:44.240 --> 02:47.960 If it's hard to find that it's also not really working, right? 02:47.960 --> 02:54.880 If you can find my JC on a bike channel that can't find the live, then that's also a problem. 02:54.880 --> 03:03.600 In case you haven't forgotten, I've got a friend named Nate and he took both shots. 03:03.600 --> 03:12.640 I got to see him in October and then one month later he had a sudden aneurysm and passed 03:12.640 --> 03:15.640 away. 03:15.640 --> 03:23.560 In my crazy imagination, I have the feeling that this has to do with transfection. 03:23.560 --> 03:30.720 I want to dedicate every Tuesday stream to the memory of my friend because he was a 03:30.720 --> 03:42.600 great guy and because lots of great dads and moms, daughters and sons are being lost. 03:42.600 --> 03:51.760 It's a lie about biology and that's why I'm so dedicated to it. 03:51.760 --> 03:56.960 This song is a song that meant a lot to me and Nathan because we used to really be a 03:56.960 --> 04:02.960 fan of this band back when it was cool to be a fan of this band. 04:02.960 --> 04:03.560 Happy Tuesday. 04:12.600 --> 04:25.240 Okay, well we'll worry about YouTube, we'll worry about YouTube on the next stream because 04:25.240 --> 04:29.960 we really don't care about that anyway. 04:29.960 --> 04:42.160 We've got peer tube working perfectly. 04:42.160 --> 04:44.680 Peer tube will never block this song. 04:44.680 --> 04:49.440 So Twitch can block it all they want because we've got it on peer tube. 04:49.440 --> 05:02.720 Thanks for checking on YouTube guys, I'll figure that out. 05:02.720 --> 05:09.720 This is the Freddy Jones band, Freddy Jones band. 05:32.720 --> 06:01.720 Oh, I'm hanging around, just me in the sky, I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream. 06:01.720 --> 06:23.720 I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream. 06:23.720 --> 06:52.720 I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream. 06:52.720 --> 07:18.720 I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream. 07:18.720 --> 07:47.720 I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream. 07:47.720 --> 08:12.720 I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream. 08:12.720 --> 08:41.720 I'm already in a daydream. 08:41.720 --> 09:06.880 Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Giga Home Biological, a high-resistance low-noise 09:06.880 --> 09:11.000 information brief brought to you by a biologist, again, to remind you this stream and every 09:11.000 --> 09:18.240 stream on every Tuesday from now on is dedicated to a friend Nate who we lost in an untimely 09:18.240 --> 09:23.520 way because of the transfections and I think we need to start to be very frank about how 09:23.520 --> 09:27.800 many people we've lost for something other than a virus. 09:27.800 --> 09:33.040 That's what I think is most important right now as we move forward to start to get people 09:33.040 --> 09:39.520 to focus on the people who were actually lost and not the people who were censored or lost 09:39.520 --> 09:41.520 their YouTube channels. 09:41.520 --> 09:43.120 Again, welcome to the show. 09:43.120 --> 09:46.480 I'm a human just like you coming to you live from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the back 09:46.480 --> 09:49.360 of my kind of weird smelly garage. 09:49.360 --> 09:55.640 I think my wife left the chicken feeder that's outside in the office and it was a little wet 09:55.640 --> 09:56.640 last night's. 09:56.640 --> 09:57.640 I don't know. 09:57.640 --> 09:58.640 It smells weird in here. 09:58.640 --> 09:59.640 Anyway, you can't smell that. 09:59.640 --> 10:00.640 So that's really good. 10:00.640 --> 10:02.400 We're not at smell-a-vision yet. 10:02.400 --> 10:06.960 Again, this is Giga Home Biological, it's the 26th of March, 2024. 10:06.960 --> 10:12.320 That is the fifth year since we've had, this is, we're going on our fifth year since 10:12.320 --> 10:19.320 we had 15 days to flatten the curve, 60 days to smash the curve if you were a Paul Catrell 10:19.320 --> 10:21.000 fan. 10:21.000 --> 10:27.400 This is a time and a place for you if you've never found me before, if you're here for the 10:27.400 --> 10:32.440 umpteenth time, then you already know that what we are fighting against is something that 10:32.440 --> 10:34.640 has gone on for a very long time. 10:34.640 --> 10:39.880 It's only a question of whether or not it's been turned up to 11 for the last three years 10:39.880 --> 10:43.680 or whether it's turned up to 11 for the last 10 years. 10:43.680 --> 10:49.560 The real deal is, is that the internet and social media and our cell phones and all of 10:49.560 --> 10:58.800 our devices and all of these different applications have allowed them to enmesh us in a a web 10:58.800 --> 11:05.120 of what they call knowledge, what is it, actually noise, that is carefully curated, 11:05.120 --> 11:10.480 so that if you try to escape or you try to understand the shape of it, you will inevitably 11:10.480 --> 11:17.240 run into these fake barriers which are essentially defined by people on the internet who agree 11:17.240 --> 11:22.120 to disagree about things and agree not to talk about other things. 11:22.120 --> 11:29.560 And as sort of ridiculously simple as it sounds, it is exactly the same as your most 11:29.560 --> 11:35.320 famous favorite magician, if you actually found out how any or all of those tricks were 11:35.320 --> 11:41.280 done, it would be horribly disappointed because you would find out it's just a couple of people 11:41.280 --> 11:42.760 lined. 11:42.760 --> 11:49.080 And no matter how clever it is, the way that they lie to you, it is nevertheless a lie. 11:49.080 --> 11:53.720 And if we start to think about this as a show that we ever attended, we were given 11:53.720 --> 11:58.400 tickets to the pandemic, we sat down in our seats and we had no idea that half of the 11:58.400 --> 12:02.160 people that were in the audience were in on the gag. 12:02.160 --> 12:06.760 And so when the people on stage told us that you better wear your masks, and half of the 12:06.760 --> 12:13.280 people in the audience did it with vigor was a lot more difficult for us to resist. 12:13.280 --> 12:19.400 And being in an experiment or in a performance where people are working against you because 12:19.400 --> 12:26.040 it's part of the experiment is a very devious position to be in indeed, in fact, on bench 12:26.040 --> 12:29.640 academic science, that means that somebody's walking in and on or our front door, which 12:29.640 --> 12:34.760 I guess at one, I think that's okay. 12:34.760 --> 12:41.920 The idea is that if you think of a national security operation that was run on us and 12:41.920 --> 12:54.280 the world, and that that national security operation can be best described as analogous 12:54.280 --> 13:00.880 to a magician's performance in Las Vegas, where the stage was social media, the stage 13:00.880 --> 13:06.720 was television, the stage was the pulpit in the White House, the stage was the FDA and 13:06.720 --> 13:14.880 the CDC pulpits, the stage was the internet and the intellectual dark web. 13:14.880 --> 13:20.520 And all of these pretend voices that have purported to be fighting for our freedom, 13:20.520 --> 13:27.000 but in reality, we're coordinatedly working this theater. 13:27.000 --> 13:34.400 And if you see it as a stage thing with audience members engaged in fooling the other audience 13:34.440 --> 13:41.680 members to enhance the likelihood that they would suspend their disbelief. 13:41.680 --> 13:46.040 Then you see why if if you sat down a bunch of bureaucrats, if you sat down a bunch of 13:46.040 --> 13:51.080 military leaders, if you sat down a bunch of politicians and people with clearances 13:51.080 --> 13:55.440 and told them that this is the way. 13:55.440 --> 14:00.000 And then you pulled the you rang the bell and everybody went to work. 14:00.000 --> 14:03.200 This is where we are. 14:03.200 --> 14:08.440 And since everybody understands it for what it is, then none of them see the cognitive 14:08.440 --> 14:14.800 dissonance in telling us that it is the way it is when it isn't. 14:14.800 --> 14:18.480 Because that was the design of the plan in the first place, the people that were planted 14:18.480 --> 14:22.840 in the audience already knew they were planted in the audience. 14:22.840 --> 14:28.200 They already understood their role in the show. 14:28.200 --> 14:32.480 And now there may be other people in the audience who have decided to participate in a way that 14:32.520 --> 14:37.160 that's not scripted and that those people that were planted in the audience have been 14:37.160 --> 14:40.520 very skilled at allowing them to participate. 14:40.520 --> 14:43.360 But that's probably part of the show too. 14:43.360 --> 14:49.760 And no doubt that they've gained that out before this was finally executed. 14:49.760 --> 14:54.280 This is a quote from the 19, sorry, I don't know how to do the weatherman thing. 14:54.280 --> 15:01.720 This is a quote from the 1920s, I think it's 1924. 15:01.720 --> 15:06.120 This is back when they could do it with radio and television. 15:06.120 --> 15:11.840 Please tell me you have no problem imagining that when we give them our brains on Twitter, 15:11.840 --> 15:14.880 we give them our brains and attention on Facebook. 15:14.880 --> 15:19.720 We give them our brains and attention on these devices and these applications that they can 15:19.720 --> 15:27.240 surely consciously and intelligently manipulate our habits and opinions. 15:27.240 --> 15:29.320 Of course you believe that. 15:29.320 --> 15:33.680 But for some reason we're supposed to be afraid of the AI that's to come, the AI in 15:33.680 --> 15:38.280 the future instead of the machines that are being used by other men to control us right 15:38.280 --> 15:43.880 now to steal from dude. 15:43.880 --> 15:47.840 And that's the magic of where we are that if you just boil it down to that, you can see 15:47.840 --> 15:54.840 the people who are our medlers because they are purporting even the ones that do say that 15:54.840 --> 16:00.320 they're they're thinking across modalities and talking about the whole big picture like 16:00.320 --> 16:02.240 Robert Malone often does. 16:02.240 --> 16:04.880 He doesn't get to the heart of this at all. 16:04.880 --> 16:07.880 In fact, he pushes the AI scary thing. 16:07.880 --> 16:10.680 He pushes the gain of function virus thing. 16:10.680 --> 16:15.800 He pushes the collapse of the dollar, but something, something, something, but never actually 16:15.800 --> 16:20.040 gets to the heart of it, which is fractional reserve banking. 16:20.040 --> 16:25.200 The idea that if you can create money and you decide who uses that power and how it 16:25.200 --> 16:29.720 gets used and who has to follow the rules very strictly, then you can set up a system 16:29.720 --> 16:37.080 where corporations can go bankrupt, but college students can't. 16:37.080 --> 16:40.280 And that's the system that we live in right now, not saying it's good or bad. 16:40.280 --> 16:41.520 This is just the way it is. 16:41.520 --> 16:49.240 A corporation declares bankruptcy of of billions of dollars is what happens. 16:49.240 --> 16:54.880 But there is no way that a college student who went to a very bad university and got 16:54.880 --> 16:59.360 a very dumb degree because that university was very happy to give it to them and had 16:59.360 --> 17:03.680 a financial aid office that was very happy to get them to sign the right papers so that 17:03.680 --> 17:10.600 all $15,000 of every year's tuition would be covered. 17:10.600 --> 17:16.760 You can blame it all on the student if you want to rather than the the lawmakers that 17:16.760 --> 17:21.080 made the bills or the people at those lending agencies or the universities that said, Oh, 17:21.080 --> 17:22.080 my gosh, great. 17:22.080 --> 17:23.080 Thanks. 17:23.080 --> 17:24.080 We'll raise our tuition. 17:24.080 --> 17:25.080 We'll pay everybody more. 17:25.080 --> 17:26.080 We'll hire more things. 17:26.080 --> 17:29.520 We'll build more buildings. 17:29.520 --> 17:32.880 But the student loan thing is an issue that comes right back to the universities. 17:32.880 --> 17:38.320 The same universities that we're we're totally happy to accept are corrupt, are teaching 17:38.320 --> 17:43.200 our kids terribly are responsible for all kinds of bad things and bad ideas, wasting 17:43.200 --> 17:44.200 money. 17:44.280 --> 17:48.960 But when it comes to student loans, it's all the students. 17:48.960 --> 17:54.280 And so think about the kind of conscious and intelligent manipulation of our habits has 17:54.280 --> 17:59.880 as occurred in order for people to be very convinced that helping people with student 17:59.880 --> 18:01.800 loans is absolutely absurd. 18:01.800 --> 18:02.800 And I didn't go to college. 18:02.800 --> 18:03.880 I don't have loans. 18:03.880 --> 18:06.240 So why should I help them? 18:06.240 --> 18:13.480 And those same people have never considered the oddity of corporate bankruptcy or personal 18:13.480 --> 18:18.760 bankruptcy for that matter, which is totally okay. 18:18.760 --> 18:24.480 And so it's it's bizarre because that is obviously, if you think objectively about it, that's 18:24.480 --> 18:28.480 only because people want you to scream about that, otherwise it wouldn't rise all over 18:28.480 --> 18:29.480 the internet. 18:29.480 --> 18:37.320 And once you see it that way, then all of these things need a real inspection. 18:37.320 --> 18:41.680 Because in reality, we are being governed by asking the wrong questions and being convinced 18:41.680 --> 18:49.240 that these questions are much smarter than they are, in fact, they're dumb questions. 18:49.240 --> 18:54.800 And once you see it that way, then you see why informed consent comes back to the fore 18:54.800 --> 18:59.100 all the time, because informed consent is what one would have if you were in a free 18:59.100 --> 19:03.320 country, if you were in a free republic, you would have informed consent. 19:03.320 --> 19:09.280 If you were a real citizen with real voting rights, you would have informed consent. 19:09.280 --> 19:15.160 And these people in our government would be acting with our informed consent more or 19:15.160 --> 19:16.160 less. 19:16.160 --> 19:21.360 I don't know if that's the right legal language or not, but it sure sounds pretty good to me. 19:21.360 --> 19:26.480 And so one of the ways to understand how our informed consent was taken away from us was 19:26.480 --> 19:33.560 to understand that there was a magic show, which was performed with people in the audience 19:33.560 --> 19:38.240 in on the show that has convinced us that there was a pandemic. 19:38.240 --> 19:44.320 A combination of people in the audience that were making new diagnostic tools and other 19:44.320 --> 19:49.600 people that were starting new PCR companies or track and trace companies. 19:49.600 --> 19:54.720 And all these people that seem to be just, wow, this is, this is crazy, this look at 19:54.720 --> 20:00.040 all this, the Ant Hill is moving. 20:00.040 --> 20:04.800 And when you look around and you think that it's all real life instead of a show, it's 20:05.640 --> 20:06.720 it was overwhelming. 20:06.720 --> 20:13.720 And that's what all of us did, all of us very naive, including myself, people that thought 20:13.720 --> 20:17.760 the vast majority of what we thought was the real world was the real world, that most 20:17.760 --> 20:22.160 of what we saw in television was the truth, that most of what people published was the 20:22.160 --> 20:23.800 truth. 20:23.800 --> 20:28.560 Even though we knew in our hearts that, you know, like the things that happened on 9-11 20:28.560 --> 20:34.640 have been sort of obviously mistold, although we might not claim to know what happened. 20:34.640 --> 20:40.840 It's weird how even people like us were not able to apply that skepticism fully to the 20:40.840 --> 20:44.960 whole picture in front of us, but rather just those two buildings over there, just those 20:44.960 --> 20:45.960 airplanes. 20:45.960 --> 20:46.960 That's it. 20:46.960 --> 20:50.840 That, that seems weird, but everything else seems kosher. 20:50.840 --> 20:55.600 So as long as you tell a good story, then it's totally okay. 20:55.600 --> 20:59.240 It's when the details don't match up that things start to get hairy. 20:59.240 --> 21:04.400 And it seems to me that with the pandemic, because they closed the trap too early, because 21:04.400 --> 21:12.440 they, they went all in before we were afraid enough or confused enough, there are sufficient 21:12.440 --> 21:18.000 people outside of the illusion to rescue. 21:18.000 --> 21:19.440 I do really think it's possible. 21:19.440 --> 21:23.600 I just think that they're using all of their might, all of their social media power, all 21:23.600 --> 21:29.680 of their dirty tricks, all of their, their illusions, all of their disguises to make sure 21:29.680 --> 21:34.120 that we don't figure out that we're actually really close to a, a threshold moment where 21:34.120 --> 21:39.440 irrespective of who got us there, we're all going to be able to wake up and leave these, 21:39.440 --> 21:44.200 these meddlers behind, because once we understand the whole picture, it doesn't matter who's 21:44.200 --> 21:46.760 selling an Ivermectin book. 21:46.760 --> 21:50.560 Once we understand the whole picture, it doesn't matter who's running that study, or who's 21:50.560 --> 21:53.840 doing that group, or who's on that telegram chat. 21:53.840 --> 21:59.120 Once we understand the big picture, then any of these one trick ponies will be completely 21:59.120 --> 22:03.520 irrelevant rather than part of a relevant barbershop quartet that everybody thinks is 22:03.520 --> 22:06.440 such harmony. 22:06.440 --> 22:11.000 I think that's the reason why the illusion of consensus was something that needed to be 22:11.000 --> 22:18.360 almost stolen and diluted, because you had to, you had to take this and make something 22:18.360 --> 22:23.920 other than an illusion of consensus about a novel virus in order to dilute the power 22:23.920 --> 22:25.440 of this idea. 22:25.440 --> 22:31.760 It's just unfortunate that maybe a friend was involved in, in that operation, wittingly 22:31.760 --> 22:35.240 or unwittingly, and that's what I find most disappointing about it. 22:35.240 --> 22:40.520 I think this faith in a novel virus is something that is really essentially an attack on us 22:40.520 --> 22:49.680 in our way of life, whatever you want to call it, baseball and apple pie, true freedom, 22:49.680 --> 22:53.120 not whatever we're talking about now. 22:53.120 --> 22:59.000 And that story, this story here that's on the, on the screen is how they're doing it, 22:59.000 --> 23:02.360 how they intend to do it to our children. 23:02.360 --> 23:09.680 Create enough chaos in their mind and enough insecurity with the adults in the world that, 23:09.680 --> 23:18.920 you know, you'll see very soon we'll have a, a kind of middle aged adult, 30 year olds 23:18.920 --> 23:24.880 thinking that they belong in Congress, thinking that they belong on States and, and rejecting 23:24.880 --> 23:31.560 the 50 year olds like me and you and the 40 year olds and maybe even the 60 year olds, 23:31.560 --> 23:35.160 they're all going to get rejected because of this, you know, all these old people, including 23:35.160 --> 23:37.760 the old person in office right now. 23:37.760 --> 23:43.840 That's part of the intergenerational fracturing that, that was probably intended with regard 23:43.840 --> 23:50.040 to the pandemic to try and make sure that most of the skeptics were old and most of the people 23:50.040 --> 23:51.960 on the good side were young. 23:51.960 --> 23:56.640 And so then in the end, when the next one comes along, we can glump all these old people 23:56.640 --> 24:00.760 into one group, transfect them all. 24:00.760 --> 24:04.920 I don't know, I'm, I'm a bit, I'm a bit off target here and I'm wasting a little time, 24:04.920 --> 24:10.960 but I feel as though we are at a crucial moment where I don't need to address anything else 24:10.960 --> 24:12.680 other than to repeat what I'm saying. 24:12.680 --> 24:21.480 And that is that that the people that are on one side, the other, the top, the bottom, 24:21.480 --> 24:24.400 they all agree that there was a virus. 24:24.400 --> 24:28.880 They all agree that it went around the world and infected millions of people and maybe 24:28.880 --> 24:30.680 even killed millions of people. 24:30.680 --> 24:32.240 They all agree. 24:32.240 --> 24:33.680 It doesn't matter what side you're on. 24:33.680 --> 24:43.480 Tony Fauci, Kevin McCarran, Kevin McCurnan, Robert Malone, Meryl Nass, Robert F. Kennedy 24:43.480 --> 25:01.100 Jr, Peter Desak, Jeffrey Sacks, Kim.com, Dr. Drew, Dr. Victory, debunk the funk, Brian 25:01.100 --> 25:04.040 Wilson or whatever is named, Daniel Wilson, what is his name? 25:04.040 --> 25:06.200 I don't care. 25:06.200 --> 25:11.200 All of them agree that there was a novel virus that probably killed millions of people that 25:11.200 --> 25:16.400 millions of more may have been saved from by transfection, but some of those people 25:16.400 --> 25:18.960 think that the transfection was adulterated. 25:18.960 --> 25:25.560 And so there was damage done that nobody's acknowledging. 25:25.560 --> 25:31.560 But if you carefully dissect that narrative, then neither side right now of all the people 25:31.560 --> 25:37.480 that have any space on social media at all, there is not one person, not one person on 25:37.480 --> 25:44.960 the either team, any team that questions the whole principle of the pandemic in the 25:44.960 --> 25:51.880 first place, not because the virus wasn't deadly or it was very mild because that's 25:51.880 --> 25:58.000 not questioning it and be very clear in your own head that if you say there was no pandemic 25:58.000 --> 26:04.360 because it was never a dangerous virus, because kids or the CFR or the IFR wasn't high enough, 26:04.360 --> 26:08.720 then you are not actively rejecting the idea of the pandemic. 26:08.720 --> 26:16.240 You are, you are giving them the pandemic and that's exactly what they want. 26:16.240 --> 26:26.040 What you need to realize is that the principle, the idea that an RNA molecule can pandemic 26:26.040 --> 26:33.840 using it as a verb can pandemic can go from a point to being everywhere on earth. 26:33.840 --> 26:37.200 That's what, that's the verb pandemic. 26:37.200 --> 26:41.680 If the, if the guitar behind me pandemics, then at some point in time at the end of the 26:41.680 --> 26:50.120 pandemic, there should be a Paul Reed Smith custom guitar in every, every place on earth 26:50.120 --> 26:53.760 and every human on earth, every human on earth should own one. 26:53.760 --> 26:55.200 Then it's a, then it's a pandemic. 26:55.200 --> 26:59.640 So you might say something like cell phones, there's a pandemic of cell phones because 26:59.960 --> 27:02.240 once we started making them there everywhere now. 27:02.240 --> 27:09.040 So there was a pandemic of cell phones, but you can imagine all of the energy and work 27:09.040 --> 27:18.360 and human, whatever that goes into that going from one iPhone on the stage to an iPhone 27:18.360 --> 27:21.320 in everyone's pocket. 27:21.320 --> 27:26.840 And here biologically speaking, the model that we've been handed is that an RNA molecule 27:26.960 --> 27:29.560 that gets leaked. 27:29.560 --> 27:33.680 I think Robert Malone once told the story about the idea that they were recycling things 27:33.680 --> 27:39.560 from the, the laboratory in Wuhan and that after they used the animals for laboratory 27:39.560 --> 27:42.840 experiments, they would also take them down the street to the market and sell them, which 27:42.840 --> 27:47.840 is just hilarity beyond hilarity. 27:47.840 --> 27:52.200 And again, wherever, whatever story you want to tell, they took the, the, the laboratory 27:52.200 --> 28:01.160 animals out of the market and they opened up a, a WIV Wuhan Institute of Virology stall 28:01.160 --> 28:07.720 at the Wuhan market and they sold control group and experimental group, gold and hamsters 28:07.720 --> 28:10.640 and the experimental group was half price. 28:10.640 --> 28:16.560 Whatever story you want to tell, there was RNA in a small place and then it pandemiced 28:16.560 --> 28:19.280 and now we can find it everywhere. 28:19.280 --> 28:24.720 And there are lots of very useful products and methodologies to find it everywhere. 28:24.720 --> 28:26.360 That's the story that we're told. 28:26.360 --> 28:35.520 And not only that, but we're told it in a consensus sort of way everyone agrees. 28:35.520 --> 28:41.320 And so we have to be very careful because everyone also has a great faith in a great 28:41.320 --> 28:46.560 deal of this mythology around the biology of it. 28:46.560 --> 28:52.000 And so the very slippery slope is that gain of function RNA went endemic is going to 28:52.000 --> 28:58.640 permanently instill in our children that something like a fear and cleavage site, for example, 28:58.640 --> 29:02.520 can endow a virus with the ability to pandemic. 29:02.520 --> 29:07.000 And without that fear and cleavage site, it can't. 29:07.000 --> 29:14.320 We could also get to a stage where our kids actually believe that prions and, and, and 29:14.320 --> 29:18.880 chronic wasting and this kind of thing is something that can be caused by protein 29:18.880 --> 29:24.960 misfolding and that it's a natural thing that occurs as opposed to something caused 29:24.960 --> 29:30.120 by a parasite or something caused by a bacteria or something caused by a toxin, whatever 29:30.120 --> 29:35.440 it might be in each of these cases, which very few of them have been substantiated as 29:35.440 --> 29:38.840 well as you might like to think. 29:38.840 --> 29:45.800 And so I do apologize for not starting today, but in the next couple of days, for sure, 29:45.800 --> 29:50.880 we're going to start, you know, doing real hard work, you and I together on the stream 29:50.880 --> 29:56.280 about prions and about the literature that supports them and how we understand what they 29:56.280 --> 30:01.360 do and what the pre on protein does when it's not doing this, this stuff that apparently 30:01.360 --> 30:04.040 it does in these papers. 30:04.040 --> 30:10.080 But right now, the important thing to understand is that the faith in a novel virus is starting 30:10.080 --> 30:13.160 it essentially is a faith in a novel biology. 30:13.160 --> 30:18.640 And that model is something that that's where we attack. 30:18.640 --> 30:24.920 That's where logically we need to probe each of these people who is certain about what 30:24.920 --> 30:25.920 has happened. 30:25.920 --> 30:30.960 We need to have them give us details about their model, give us details about how they 30:30.960 --> 30:35.400 mechanistically understand what happened and what's happening. 30:35.400 --> 30:40.760 For example, why don't we already have thousands of people in the hospital with crowdspelled 30:40.760 --> 30:46.160 yachobs disease because of the virus, because that was something that a lot of these people 30:46.160 --> 30:50.960 said very early on in 2020 was that there would be neurological symptoms that people's 30:50.960 --> 30:56.760 behavior was going to change that maybe we would have amyloidogenic or prion like diseases 30:56.760 --> 30:58.840 in these people. 30:58.840 --> 31:04.440 And so you know, showing videos of people licking the walls or licking the windows of closed 31:04.440 --> 31:11.440 pubs was a way of suggesting that the COVID virus was going around changing people's brains 31:11.440 --> 31:14.440 because the spike protein was a prion weapon. 31:14.440 --> 31:22.320 These people said that in March and in April of 2020 when they had no business having any 31:22.320 --> 31:28.960 opinions about what the spike protein would do or not do, but they all had ideas and they 31:28.960 --> 31:30.680 weren't all mainstream people. 31:30.680 --> 31:36.440 None of them were mainstream biologists, academic biologists. 31:36.440 --> 31:42.260 They were fringe people, people that had no business calling themselves experts, no business 31:42.260 --> 31:47.080 putting themselves out there. 31:47.080 --> 31:48.160 Was I one of those people? 31:48.160 --> 31:56.120 I don't really know because I never claimed that this was a worst case scenario. 31:56.120 --> 31:57.960 I fought against the worst case scenario. 31:57.960 --> 32:02.960 I fought for the idea that it might be better not to trust the government and not to trust 32:02.960 --> 32:08.080 the pharmaceutical companies and to not take their word for it. 32:08.080 --> 32:13.920 Even though I didn't have the total biological understanding that I think I have now and can't 32:13.920 --> 32:18.640 make as cogent argument as I can now, I was already making a pretty cogent argument 32:18.640 --> 32:26.440 in March 2020 and the people that were rejecting that argument are quite striking because many 32:26.440 --> 32:39.120 of those people are now front and center of the opposition presenting being promoted together. 32:39.120 --> 32:45.480 It's incredible, really, because this is the biology they want, I think, your children 32:45.480 --> 32:51.040 to believe us to talk about us to argue about and that's not what we're going to discuss 32:51.040 --> 32:53.360 because it's not real biology. 32:53.360 --> 33:00.320 We will discuss it and we will use it to understand how a biological concept can come to exist 33:00.320 --> 33:06.480 in the literature when it might not exist in nature and it will come to understand how 33:06.480 --> 33:12.400 it is that gain of functioned virology has been exaggerated in the literature in exactly 33:12.400 --> 33:17.120 the same way with the, sorry about that, what was I doing with that for? 33:17.120 --> 33:18.960 That was weird. 33:18.960 --> 33:21.480 That is not a symbol of 666 for me. 33:21.480 --> 33:24.200 I can tell you that much right now, but I do know that everybody says that. 33:24.200 --> 33:26.800 I think it's got to be upside down to in order for that to be real. 33:26.800 --> 33:28.080 I was just holding my hand that way. 33:28.080 --> 33:33.320 I apologize, but I am sensitive to it because everybody's talking about it all the time. 33:33.320 --> 33:36.360 Anyway, I really think this is important though. 33:36.360 --> 33:41.960 It's important to understand that we have a biological story here that is plausible, 33:41.960 --> 33:45.480 that doesn't require any crazy variables. 33:45.480 --> 33:53.400 It doesn't require any as yet unverified biology. 33:53.400 --> 33:56.640 No new principles of biology. 33:56.640 --> 33:58.800 No crazy things. 33:58.800 --> 34:02.320 Just a signal in the background that we weren't measuring before because we weren't 34:02.320 --> 34:10.760 measuring before that we have been misled as being something that is actively spreading. 34:10.760 --> 34:15.080 And now how that was accomplished could be different in different places. 34:15.080 --> 34:17.560 And that's totally okay. 34:17.560 --> 34:22.560 To what extent it was deliberately done or accidentally done in different places can 34:22.560 --> 34:23.560 be different. 34:23.560 --> 34:24.560 That's totally okay. 34:24.560 --> 34:28.360 We could be very much under the yoke of a bunch of people who did it on purpose with 34:28.360 --> 34:33.040 lots of planted audience members in the United States in the magician show that we 34:33.040 --> 34:34.360 attended here. 34:34.360 --> 34:39.600 But in the Netherlands, there could be very few people in on it in Sweden. 34:39.600 --> 34:44.260 There might have been very few people in on it. 34:44.260 --> 34:49.720 And so you have to calibrate your interpretation of what happened around the world because 34:49.720 --> 34:54.200 each one of those places also saw a very different window on social media. 34:54.200 --> 34:56.280 What was the social media like in Germany? 34:56.280 --> 34:58.200 What was the social media like in the Netherlands? 34:58.200 --> 35:00.980 Quite frankly, I don't know. 35:00.980 --> 35:03.040 What was the social media like in Australia? 35:03.040 --> 35:05.840 You don't know and I don't know either. 35:05.840 --> 35:12.200 But we can guess from what we've been shown that the Australians and the New Zealand are 35:12.200 --> 35:17.360 probably pretty convinced that there was COVID because they saw it ravage our country. 35:17.360 --> 35:23.280 They saw us go bananas and they locked down and they didn't have it. 35:23.280 --> 35:27.320 So there's lots of congruent observations when they look out their window and they look 35:27.320 --> 35:30.560 at their phone to make them the believe that it did happen. 35:30.560 --> 35:32.080 Maybe it's not so bad anymore. 35:32.080 --> 35:36.400 Maybe it could happen again. 35:36.400 --> 35:39.960 But they experienced a very different window into reality than what we saw. 35:39.960 --> 35:45.200 And I would be willing to bet that the window that they saw is sufficiently incongruent 35:45.200 --> 35:49.960 from our own so that when we meet together, we're going to disagree about stuff and that's 35:49.960 --> 35:54.400 by design. 35:54.400 --> 35:58.560 The Australians and the New Zealanders are going to be especially skeptical of anybody 35:58.560 --> 36:03.680 that says there was no COVID because they saw it. 36:03.680 --> 36:09.760 And the few cases that made it over there were bad. 36:09.760 --> 36:12.000 And the theater was designed that way. 36:12.000 --> 36:18.880 You got to get sophisticated enough to see that this theater is big and it's multifaceted. 36:18.880 --> 36:23.640 It's like a stage with multiple angles and those angles are not visible to the other 36:23.640 --> 36:27.320 people but have bearing on what the other people experience. 36:27.320 --> 36:29.640 Isn't that weird? 36:29.640 --> 36:33.600 Because one audience is hearing the reaction of the other audience, but you don't know 36:33.600 --> 36:37.360 if that other audience is in on it or not. 36:37.360 --> 36:39.600 And what did they see over there? 36:39.600 --> 36:42.880 And so it's a very complicated show. 36:42.880 --> 36:46.360 It's not just a magician on stage with a couple people in the audience. 36:46.360 --> 36:50.560 It's several audiences and some of them you can't see but you're being told what they 36:50.560 --> 36:55.120 see or you're being shown a mirror image of what they see but you're not sure if any 36:55.120 --> 36:57.880 of those people are in on the or the same number of people. 36:57.880 --> 37:03.880 Maybe the whole audience is corrupt on the left but the whole audience on the right isn't. 37:03.880 --> 37:07.040 And all of these variables are under their control. 37:07.040 --> 37:09.560 They already figured out what the best way to do it is. 37:09.560 --> 37:17.320 They already tried a couple different combinations and now they're doing it well. 37:17.320 --> 37:22.000 And that's why it was so difficult for all of us to see through it in 2020 and 2021. 37:22.000 --> 37:26.600 They never thought they would have to keep this theater going and keep adding acts and 37:26.600 --> 37:30.720 keep adding actors and keep pulling more people out of the audience. 37:30.720 --> 37:35.520 They're getting very, very close to having no more people in the audience. 37:35.520 --> 37:38.000 Do you understand? 37:38.000 --> 37:41.880 There's no more almost set a particular name. 37:41.880 --> 37:45.040 There's no more. 37:45.040 --> 37:51.760 There are no more Brian artises to come out of the audience. 37:51.760 --> 37:54.400 There are no more Pierre Corey's to come out of the audience. 37:54.400 --> 37:56.600 I don't know if but you see what I mean. 37:56.600 --> 37:59.120 There's no more new ones anymore. 37:59.120 --> 38:01.560 Now they have to argue with each other. 38:01.560 --> 38:03.600 Now they have to create new rivalries. 38:03.600 --> 38:11.280 Now CHD is promoting Dr. Drew and promoting Dave Rubin because they don't have anybody 38:11.280 --> 38:14.920 else on the bench to pull out. 38:14.920 --> 38:22.720 Now Brett Weinstein is interviewing random, random people about the biology trying to 38:22.720 --> 38:25.920 confirm his biological ideas. 38:25.920 --> 38:28.320 It's incredible. 38:28.320 --> 38:35.200 People like J. Bottacharia who are faculty at Stanford University just get randomly hooked 38:35.200 --> 38:45.640 up with some guy from Canada to do a sub stack called Illusion of Consensus. 38:45.640 --> 38:47.280 Who's that kid? 38:47.280 --> 38:53.120 Why would Jay choose to do a podcast with him when he could do a podcast with any of 38:53.120 --> 38:57.120 his students or the fellow faculty member? 38:57.120 --> 39:04.000 Why some guy from Canada and why did Brett Weinstein like introduce him to the world 39:04.000 --> 39:05.000 as well? 39:05.000 --> 39:10.240 If you don't see the show for what it is, it's hard to help anybody but again, seeing 39:10.240 --> 39:13.400 the show isn't for everyone. 39:13.400 --> 39:16.560 Anybody can see the show but not everybody wants to see it. 39:16.560 --> 39:23.240 Not everybody has the machinery to see it. 39:23.240 --> 39:27.160 I don't know who did this experiment but I think at one point somebody measured that 39:27.160 --> 39:33.760 like 80% of humans don't have the ability really to say no to an authority figure. 39:33.760 --> 39:39.320 So I mean, this is where we are. 39:39.320 --> 39:44.520 It is our obligation, my obligation at this point I feel to try and bring as many people 39:44.520 --> 39:49.520 as possible that want to understand this, want to try and understand this to understand 39:49.520 --> 39:50.520 it. 39:50.520 --> 39:53.160 And it's a set of bad ideas. 39:53.160 --> 39:54.520 It's a set of assumptions. 39:54.520 --> 40:00.280 It's a set of very poor and simplistic models that we have been forced to accept by the questions 40:00.280 --> 40:07.080 that we have been tricked into answering for the last couple of decades. 40:07.080 --> 40:08.080 And that's why- 40:08.080 --> 40:11.560 Scientific questions I think are very hard to get a handle on. 40:11.560 --> 40:17.960 And the reason for this is that in late modernity, which we're living in, there's simply too 40:17.960 --> 40:22.240 much knowledge for any individual human to understand all of it. 40:22.240 --> 40:31.280 And so in this world of extreme hyper specialization where it's narrower and narrower subsets 40:31.280 --> 40:35.680 of experts policing themselves and talking about how great they are, the string theorists 40:35.680 --> 40:39.200 talking about how great string theorists, the cancer researchers talking about how they're 40:39.200 --> 40:43.800 just about to cure cancer, the quantum computer researchers are just about to build a quantum 40:43.800 --> 40:45.400 computer that will be a massive breakthrough. 40:45.400 --> 40:49.720 And then if you were to say that all these fields, not much is happening, people just 40:49.720 --> 40:51.120 don't have the authority for this. 40:51.120 --> 40:56.560 And this is somehow a very different feel for science or knowledge than you would have 40:56.560 --> 41:01.880 had in 1800 or even in 1900. 41:01.880 --> 41:10.680 It's funny, I don't really get it a lot of times what I see in the chat. 41:10.680 --> 41:13.760 I guess you guys are talking to each other. 41:13.760 --> 41:16.520 Funny, funny, funny little kids. 41:16.520 --> 41:18.600 See they tell the truth all the time, right? 41:18.600 --> 41:24.360 They've told us the truth for a while now. 41:24.360 --> 41:26.840 These fields haven't made much progress. 41:26.840 --> 41:29.200 Cancer hasn't made much progress. 41:29.200 --> 41:32.000 Quantum physics hasn't made much progress. 41:32.000 --> 41:35.880 I would argue that big genetics hasn't made that much progress. 41:35.880 --> 41:40.320 We can collect the data, but we don't understand it because it's too much data. 41:40.320 --> 41:41.880 It's too much analysis. 41:41.880 --> 41:44.360 It's too much variation. 41:44.360 --> 41:46.800 And we aren't sophisticated enough to understand it. 41:46.800 --> 41:50.200 Have we gotten to the stage where we made a few restriction maps of the whole human 41:50.200 --> 41:51.200 genome? 41:51.200 --> 41:54.400 Sure, we did. 41:54.400 --> 41:59.440 Have we gotten to some very low hanging fruit with regard to genetic diseases with one or 41:59.440 --> 42:01.000 two main genetic causes? 42:01.000 --> 42:03.440 Yes, we have, absolutely. 42:03.440 --> 42:08.120 But how much has that helped us understand the symphony of genes that is our natural 42:08.120 --> 42:11.040 homeostatic function of a healthy four-year-old child? 42:11.040 --> 42:13.160 Well, not very far. 42:13.160 --> 42:18.200 Not very far at all. 42:18.200 --> 42:26.720 Just like when you find out why a violin, oh, look, there was a crack in the neck of the 42:26.720 --> 42:27.720 violin. 42:27.720 --> 42:28.720 That's why it broke. 42:28.720 --> 42:29.960 And I understand it very well. 42:29.960 --> 42:31.600 Look, that crack is right there. 42:31.600 --> 42:34.000 If you have a crack, then this violin is going to break. 42:34.000 --> 42:38.800 Well, do you understand how it is that a Stradivarius makes its music then? 42:38.800 --> 42:40.560 You don't have any idea at all. 42:40.560 --> 42:45.800 But you can indefinitely explain how it is that a violin breaks when it has a crack 42:45.800 --> 42:48.360 in its neck. 42:48.360 --> 42:54.680 And that's the kind of understanding that we have of our biology up from a genetic perspective. 42:54.680 --> 43:02.560 We understand how a broken violin can occur when there is a catastrophic error in its 43:02.560 --> 43:06.560 structure related to its function. 43:06.560 --> 43:12.800 But we can't understand how the music is made in a perfect violin. 43:12.800 --> 43:14.760 And that should be the ultimate goal, right? 43:14.760 --> 43:25.200 It shouldn't be to fix these one note genetic disorders, even though that, I guess, is a 43:25.200 --> 43:30.640 worthy goal, that's a disguised goal. 43:30.640 --> 43:38.300 Those are morally justifiable experiments in genetic manipulation that don't have any 43:38.300 --> 43:43.520 real justification in ethics other than for the particular lives of those people, you see. 43:43.520 --> 43:45.200 So you have to use it. 43:45.200 --> 43:46.680 That's what they're doing here. 43:46.680 --> 43:51.560 It is an elaborate game that they've been playing with us for a very long time to try 43:51.560 --> 44:00.680 and permanently remove our reverence for the sacred, for the sacred of the perfect 44:00.680 --> 44:02.080 child when it's born. 44:02.080 --> 44:03.080 It's perfect. 44:03.080 --> 44:08.200 It doesn't need a vitamin K shot and a Hep B shot. 44:08.200 --> 44:09.880 And we're not there anymore. 44:09.880 --> 44:11.960 That's not this country. 44:11.960 --> 44:16.360 This country still circumcises little boys. 44:16.360 --> 44:22.040 This country still removes the uterus of women whenever they are. 44:22.040 --> 44:25.480 They might need it. 44:25.480 --> 44:30.840 We're in a very, very dire straits right now because there are lots of young people who 44:30.840 --> 44:35.560 don't understand this and don't can't hear the truth when it's said to them. 44:35.560 --> 44:42.120 They don't even hear the truth when it's said to them like this, well, wait, we don't even 44:42.120 --> 44:43.120 hear the truth. 44:43.120 --> 44:44.920 People understand just about everything. 44:44.920 --> 44:50.080 1900, Hilbert could still understand just about all of mathematics. 44:50.080 --> 44:55.920 And so the sort of specialization, I think, has made it a much harder question to get 44:55.920 --> 44:59.800 a handle on. 44:59.800 --> 45:00.920 We don't have a handle on it. 45:00.920 --> 45:01.920 They are lying to us. 45:01.920 --> 45:05.520 Of course, Tucker Carlson can tell you that he's lying and sort of feel it. 45:05.520 --> 45:06.720 You know that he's lying. 45:06.720 --> 45:07.720 You don't want to believe it. 45:07.720 --> 45:09.720 But he most definitely is. 45:09.720 --> 45:10.720 I don't want to. 45:10.720 --> 45:12.520 I unfortunately know. 45:12.520 --> 45:16.920 The reason why I know I don't want to be a liar, I think it's like really important 45:16.920 --> 45:18.120 not to be a liar. 45:18.120 --> 45:23.440 The reason why I know is because there was a very gigantic lie that he told on national 45:23.440 --> 45:28.520 television after covering a Vanity Fair article that was also a lie. 45:28.520 --> 45:32.520 It was a Vanity Fair article about the group drastic, which at the time I was a member 45:32.520 --> 45:34.680 of. 45:34.680 --> 45:40.680 And he said that drastic was started by a guy by the name of Jamie Metzel. 45:40.680 --> 45:46.360 The only way that that could have happened is if Jamie Metzel was Billy Bo Stickson. 45:46.360 --> 45:48.680 And it wouldn't surprise me if he was. 45:48.680 --> 45:53.200 But the point was is that if he told the truth about that, then someone else was lying to 45:53.200 --> 45:55.880 me from the very beginning. 45:55.880 --> 46:02.040 That means that the diffuse proposal was actually turned over not to a foreign national with 46:02.040 --> 46:12.880 the pseudonym Billy Bo Stickson, but to an American futurist named Jamie Metzel. 46:12.880 --> 46:15.640 Now I'm not saying that Jamie Metzel started drastic. 46:15.640 --> 46:19.120 I don't think he did, but I don't know who Billy Bo Stickson is. 46:19.120 --> 46:22.840 Billy Bo Stickson is still an anonymous person on Twitter. 46:22.840 --> 46:29.280 And that is the account that started the group that later was called drastic. 46:29.280 --> 46:34.800 The group that kicked me out, the moment that I said, we have to talk about transfection, 46:34.800 --> 46:35.800 not the virus. 46:35.800 --> 46:37.200 The virus doesn't matter. 46:37.200 --> 46:41.120 Where the virus came from doesn't matter because they want to transfect everybody and we shouldn't 46:41.120 --> 46:42.120 be doing that. 46:42.120 --> 46:44.520 Then they asked me to leave. 46:44.520 --> 46:51.940 And I'm not sure if it's split in half right then or before then, but there's drastic science 46:51.940 --> 46:54.100 and drastic. 46:54.100 --> 46:57.060 And I think some people say they're members of both. 46:57.060 --> 47:00.260 Some people aren't. 47:00.260 --> 47:03.940 It's all an elaborate hoax. 47:03.940 --> 47:06.740 And these are the sort of moments. 47:06.740 --> 47:12.620 Political cut I have on the specialization is always that if you analyze the politics 47:12.620 --> 47:17.500 of science, the specialization should make you suspicious because if it's gotten harder 47:17.500 --> 47:22.940 to evaluate what's going on, then it's presumably gotten easier for people to lie and to exaggerate. 47:22.940 --> 47:28.620 And then one should be a little bit suspicious and that's sort of my starting bias. 47:28.620 --> 47:32.300 And I'm going to keep playing this video like every week because I think it is the most 47:32.300 --> 47:35.100 spot on video of any of these people. 47:35.100 --> 47:41.660 And it's just striking that it's this guy's chubby belly saying it. 47:41.660 --> 47:47.300 Because I do think that this guy is near the top of a group of people at the helm of a 47:47.300 --> 47:55.540 weaponized pile of money or two that is vying for control of America and vying for control 47:55.540 --> 48:01.060 of the West, if you will, because he's invested in Canadian companies, he's invested in lots 48:01.060 --> 48:05.500 of places, you know, and they're all part of this. 48:05.500 --> 48:07.660 Eric Weinstein is definitely part of this. 48:07.660 --> 48:08.900 Brett Weinstein's part of it. 48:08.900 --> 48:10.700 Brett's dad is part of it. 48:10.700 --> 48:18.700 It can be zero doubt anymore, otherwise Brett's dad would not be one of the foremost arbitrators 48:18.700 --> 48:25.620 of intellectual property law, specifically in biotechnology in the United States. 48:25.620 --> 48:27.540 Otherwise Brett would be very proud of his dad. 48:27.540 --> 48:32.180 Otherwise Brett would have talked with Bobby Kennedy about his dad and how their dads work 48:32.180 --> 48:36.940 together when he had him on his podcast in November of 2021 and he would have played 48:36.940 --> 48:50.260 the podcast in November of 2021 instead of playing the podcast in February of 2024. 48:50.260 --> 48:54.700 And when again, when you look in the in the rear view mirror and all these things line 48:54.700 --> 49:00.060 up like that, what conclusion can you come to other than, I guess I better not look backwards 49:00.060 --> 49:01.060 anymore. 49:01.060 --> 49:06.180 Otherwise I might come to the conclusion that this wasn't the pandemic they said it was. 49:06.180 --> 49:08.780 Are we actually all engaging in the lookaway doctrine? 49:08.780 --> 49:13.140 I'm just not going to look because if I look, I know I'm going to figure it out. 49:13.140 --> 49:14.740 Could be. 49:14.740 --> 49:20.060 It could be that there are a lot of people who know, really know in their heart, but just 49:20.060 --> 49:25.820 don't have the courage or the stones to accept it. 49:25.820 --> 49:33.220 Even when they're shown that these people actually admitting it, they can't quite accept it. 49:33.220 --> 49:36.780 So intramuscular injection of any combination of substances with the intent of augmenting 49:36.780 --> 49:39.860 the immune system is dumb. 49:39.860 --> 49:45.580 Is something that none of these people make the list will ever talk about or say or acknowledge. 49:45.580 --> 49:47.620 Yeah, that's probably the best way to say it. 49:47.620 --> 49:48.620 Nope. 49:48.620 --> 49:50.540 None of them will. 49:50.540 --> 49:54.500 And curiously, none of the people at the top of CHD will there's plenty of people in 49:54.500 --> 49:59.940 the middle of CHD that have kids that have suffered that have real skin in the game that 49:59.940 --> 50:01.860 agree wholeheartedly with this statement. 50:01.860 --> 50:09.540 But the people at the top, they don't say it. 50:09.540 --> 50:10.780 They've never said it. 50:10.780 --> 50:13.380 That's the weird part. 50:13.380 --> 50:19.900 Try to find a statement where the longtime scientific advisor of CHD, Meryl Nast says 50:19.900 --> 50:27.420 anything about the childhood vaccine schedule in America by itself. 50:27.420 --> 50:34.340 Find a place where we see one of these people saying it. 50:34.340 --> 50:36.580 It's very rare. 50:36.580 --> 50:43.980 It's very, very, very rare for an organization that at least at the heart is completely opposed 50:43.980 --> 50:47.740 to this. 50:47.740 --> 50:52.540 And there's a reason for it, ladies and gentlemen, because this is a controlled operation. 50:52.540 --> 50:55.020 We are being governed. 50:55.020 --> 51:03.020 And until we stop allowing them us to be governed by this mythology, it's going to continue. 51:03.020 --> 51:05.060 I don't really know all the ways out. 51:05.060 --> 51:07.300 I don't other than one at a time. 51:07.300 --> 51:09.380 We all need to awaken. 51:09.380 --> 51:14.380 We need to just come to realize that there are simple ways to say these things. 51:14.380 --> 51:17.340 There are easy ways to talk about this stuff. 51:17.340 --> 51:22.700 There are very... 51:22.700 --> 51:26.500 We could make substantial gains in our general understanding of biology. 51:26.500 --> 51:31.180 We could make substantial gains in the average person's understanding of what really happened 51:31.180 --> 51:32.580 in the pandemic. 51:32.580 --> 51:38.540 But unfortunately, many, many, many people with large platforms, with growing followings, 51:38.540 --> 51:43.940 are still focused on the same thing that they were focused on in 2020. 51:43.940 --> 51:46.500 The same thing. 51:46.500 --> 51:52.340 After four years, they still can't talk about the vaccine schedule in America as a particular 51:52.340 --> 51:53.900 example. 51:53.900 --> 52:00.980 They can't talk about the Prep Act, the Vaccine Act, and the lack of strict liability on vaccines 52:00.980 --> 52:03.380 as just a thing that everybody should understand. 52:03.380 --> 52:05.780 It's very few people. 52:05.780 --> 52:10.860 Lots of people will spend an hour on stage talking about Ivermectin studies. 52:10.860 --> 52:15.700 Lots of people will be happy to break down the details of Ivermdesivir study for you. 52:15.700 --> 52:20.780 Lots of people will be happy to break down the details of a hydroxychloroquine study for 52:20.780 --> 52:26.500 you, but not very many people are going to break down the literature of coronaviruses 52:26.500 --> 52:27.500 for you. 52:27.500 --> 52:31.340 Not very many people are going to break down the literature of prions for you, but lots 52:31.340 --> 52:39.340 of them are happy to talk about a preprint about prions from last year. 52:39.340 --> 52:48.740 The only person that's taught you immunology 101 to this date in four years is me. 52:48.740 --> 52:57.420 Maybe Dr. Bean, maybe besides that who? 52:57.420 --> 52:58.500 Think about that. 52:58.500 --> 53:03.620 Which of these MDs has taught you about linked recognition? 53:03.620 --> 53:09.260 This is the last time Meryl Nast, Robert Malone, Pierre Corey, Jessica Rose. 53:09.260 --> 53:11.980 When's the last time they mentioned linked recognition? 53:11.980 --> 53:20.580 Do you think that they could explain that at a whiteboard? 53:20.580 --> 53:24.700 Do you see the problem, ladies and gentlemen? 53:24.700 --> 53:28.180 Do you see the problem? 53:28.180 --> 53:29.500 They're spreading ideas. 53:29.500 --> 53:32.060 It's just not the good ones. 53:32.060 --> 53:35.820 They're spreading lots of ideas, just not the good ones. 53:35.820 --> 53:43.420 They're questioning a lot of ideas, just not the ones that need to be questioned. 53:43.420 --> 53:51.100 I want to take a break from hammering that home to watch a video from the past, which 53:51.100 --> 53:52.860 is a video from 11 years ago. 53:52.860 --> 53:57.380 I have no idea what I'm about to find, and I'm going to watch this video for exactly 53:57.380 --> 54:01.260 an hour and then I'm going to stop because I've got basketball this afternoon again 54:01.260 --> 54:05.580 because my boys are so dedicated like Shaolin monks. 54:05.580 --> 54:07.540 Now, they're actually upset. 54:07.540 --> 54:11.540 They were talking to me yesterday in the car that they realized that the place where 54:11.540 --> 54:15.980 we're going is closed on Easter Sunday, and so they were panicking because the rec center 54:15.980 --> 54:21.140 is also closed on Easter Sunday, and what are we going to do for basketball on that 54:21.140 --> 54:22.140 day? 54:22.140 --> 54:28.820 Well, all I can say is I hope with all of my heart that this kind of dedication continues 54:28.820 --> 54:31.380 because I'm sure it's going to pay off for them. 54:31.380 --> 54:34.860 And I'm sure that they're going to have a good time next year in basketball. 54:34.860 --> 54:36.740 It's really nice to see. 54:36.740 --> 54:42.860 And I've got you guys to thank for that because part of the reason why I'm able to do it is 54:42.860 --> 54:52.340 because, well, I mean, people are supporting this stream and we're not, like I said, we 54:52.340 --> 54:53.580 still need more supporters. 54:53.580 --> 54:57.100 We need more support for next month, but so far so good. 54:57.100 --> 55:01.460 And I'm just, I'm just having faith that somehow or another people are going to hear 55:01.460 --> 55:02.460 this stream. 55:02.460 --> 55:07.020 People are going to get the message and enough people that have the means are going to be 55:07.020 --> 55:13.980 moved enough to support me so that this can continue because I think it's the vital work. 55:13.980 --> 55:22.380 It's the only stream on the internet that's trying desperately to reawaken a reverence 55:22.380 --> 55:28.060 for the sacred and using an appreciation for biology to try and do it. 55:28.060 --> 55:32.300 And so if you think this is a unique message and something that needs to get out, please 55:32.300 --> 55:36.300 take the time to go to get your own biological and support my work. 55:36.300 --> 55:41.420 Here is a video from 11 years ago with Craig Bettner and he's going to talk about what 55:41.420 --> 55:47.100 life is and he's going to talk about the challenges of understanding how life works. 55:47.100 --> 55:51.500 And that's all I really know because I read the description and the video description. 55:51.500 --> 55:53.180 So I have no idea what I'm going to hear here. 55:53.180 --> 55:57.900 It could be that we're about to waste an hour of our time, but my guess is that that's 55:57.900 --> 55:58.900 not the case. 55:58.900 --> 55:59.900 Here we go. 55:59.900 --> 56:00.900 Thank you Luke. 56:00.900 --> 56:04.420 T-Shock, Harvest, distinguished guests. 56:04.420 --> 56:08.820 It is a great pleasure and honor for me both on behalf of the Royal Irish Academy and the 56:08.820 --> 56:13.180 Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies to speak on this historic occasion. 56:13.180 --> 56:17.140 My task is to give some of the background to how the remarkable lecture that we celebrate 56:17.140 --> 56:19.980 tonight came to be given. 56:19.980 --> 56:25.020 Let me begin with someone that few of you have probably heard of. 56:25.020 --> 56:30.300 Edmund Taylor Whittaker was a distinguished mathematician, later historian of science 56:30.300 --> 56:33.620 who spent most of his long career at the University of Edinburgh. 56:33.620 --> 56:39.420 But he did spend some time here as one of the last Royal Astronomers of Ireland. 56:39.420 --> 56:43.900 And he is significant for the story of tonight's lecture for two reasons. 56:43.900 --> 56:49.740 Firstly, while in Dublin he had a young student, a man called Aemon de Valera, and he inspired 56:49.740 --> 56:56.260 in him a lifelong devotion to mathematics and a great admiration for the legacy of William 56:56.260 --> 56:57.260 Rowan Hamilton. 56:57.260 --> 57:00.660 And we'll come on to that later. 57:00.660 --> 57:06.660 So when de Valera then in the late 1930s began to think of establishing what was then 57:06.660 --> 57:11.380 only the second Institute for Advanced Studies in the world, he naturally turned to his former 57:11.380 --> 57:13.460 teacher for advice. 57:13.460 --> 57:16.340 And Whittaker made one key recommendation. 57:16.340 --> 57:21.060 He told de Valera that the hardest thing to do was to give a comprehensible public 57:21.060 --> 57:25.740 lecture, something I can vouch for actually from personal experience. 57:25.740 --> 57:30.780 And de Valera took this to heart and wrote in to the 1940 act that each school of the 57:30.780 --> 57:35.180 Institute must offer a public lecture every year. 57:35.180 --> 57:40.660 And if it hadn't been for that and the recommendation of Whittaker, we would not be here tonight. 57:40.660 --> 57:45.540 This brings me, of course, naturally on to the next major player in this story, Aemon 57:45.540 --> 57:50.060 de Valera, a remarkable man in many ways. 57:50.060 --> 57:55.020 His political career and influence on Irish society remains a subject of vigorous debate, 57:55.020 --> 57:56.020 I think it's fair to say. 57:56.020 --> 57:57.780 I'm not really sure if this is relevant. 57:57.780 --> 57:59.300 I might just fast forward through it. 57:59.300 --> 58:07.220 In these publication, Judging Dev. 58:08.220 --> 58:09.220 Yeah. 58:09.220 --> 58:14.300 What is perhaps not so widely known is that his interest in science and mathematics was 58:14.300 --> 58:16.740 in fact genuine and deep. 58:16.740 --> 58:20.500 And in fact, I recall a previous provost of this college telling me that his life used 58:20.500 --> 58:25.540 to be made miserable because at nine o'clock in the evening, his secretary would tell him 58:25.540 --> 58:30.380 that the, oh, so Euchtron was on the phone and the president was having a problem with 58:30.380 --> 58:33.900 mathematics, could the provost help him? 58:33.900 --> 58:37.900 Those days are gone, I fear. 58:37.900 --> 58:43.620 So it was this deep admiration for mathematics and science, as well as his instinctive horror, 58:43.620 --> 58:47.900 I think, at the barbarism of the Third Reich, which persuaded him to establish the Dublin 58:47.900 --> 58:53.180 Institute for Advanced Studies in 2014 and to recruit Erwin Schrodinger as the first 58:53.180 --> 58:54.900 director of its school. 58:54.900 --> 58:57.060 So we're talking about the school that he's in. 58:57.060 --> 58:58.900 So I might actually skip this. 58:58.900 --> 59:03.700 I'm sorry if that offends you at all, but I, maybe this next guy will give a better 59:03.700 --> 59:04.700 introduction. 59:04.700 --> 59:05.700 I don't know. 59:05.700 --> 59:09.260 Thank you, Luke, for putting it in context. 59:09.260 --> 59:12.780 Now I'm going to give a bit of background about what Schrodinger did on this night in 59:12.780 --> 59:17.980 February in 1943 and it's no exaggeration to say that when he did that night, sparked 59:17.980 --> 59:18.980 a revolution. 59:18.980 --> 59:23.540 He did a ruckus that went off, and we don't have a few moths in here tonight, for example, 59:23.540 --> 59:26.660 who depended on Schrodinger's water life lecture to inspire him, for example. 59:26.660 --> 59:27.660 Oh. 59:27.660 --> 59:30.780 It's all the same to say that we know DNA revolution that was natural. 59:30.780 --> 59:32.060 Did we know biotech industry? 59:32.060 --> 59:36.100 So as Luke has said, a long way away from that time, it gave rise to the whole industry. 59:36.100 --> 59:38.220 So the importance of the lecture is very important. 59:38.220 --> 59:39.860 Secondly, it was the image of the second world. 59:39.860 --> 59:40.860 Holy crap. 59:40.860 --> 59:41.860 There was devastation in Europe. 59:41.860 --> 59:44.220 I swear this is not a little constant called Ireland. 59:44.220 --> 59:45.220 This is an actual accident. 59:45.220 --> 59:46.220 I'm not kidding. 59:46.220 --> 59:47.220 I'm not kidding. 59:47.220 --> 59:50.300 Just like the monks had done in the 8th century with the book of Cales, it's very similar 59:50.300 --> 59:51.300 that it happened in Ireland. 59:51.300 --> 59:52.300 This lecture. 59:52.300 --> 59:57.060 This is so weird because I just bought this book on somebody's recommendation. 59:57.060 --> 59:59.580 I got a first copy of it. 59:59.580 --> 01:00:03.700 It's called What Is Life Mind and Matter by Erwin Schrodinger. 01:00:03.700 --> 01:00:07.980 So he's talking about the lecture that this book is based on. 01:00:07.980 --> 01:00:14.860 I swear on the Bible that I did not know that this was going to, oh, wow, it is really 01:00:14.860 --> 01:00:15.860 that book. 01:00:15.860 --> 01:00:20.180 This was published in 67, though, this edition. 01:00:20.180 --> 01:00:21.860 So what? 01:00:21.860 --> 01:00:22.860 Which edition is this? 01:00:22.860 --> 01:00:25.340 It's not the first edition, then. 01:00:25.340 --> 01:00:26.340 Hmm. 01:00:27.340 --> 01:00:33.140 Yeah, the first edition was 44, then reprinted in 45, 48, 51 blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, 01:00:33.140 --> 01:00:34.140 blah, blah. 01:00:34.140 --> 01:00:35.140 And then mind and matter was this one. 01:00:35.140 --> 01:00:36.140 Okay. 01:00:36.140 --> 01:00:37.140 Huh. 01:00:37.140 --> 01:00:38.140 So it's two books in this thing. 01:00:38.140 --> 01:00:39.820 I didn't get around to even starting it yet. 01:00:39.820 --> 01:00:40.820 So that's kind of cool. 01:00:40.820 --> 01:00:41.820 Okay. 01:00:41.820 --> 01:00:43.020 That makes Max making me more happy. 01:00:43.020 --> 01:00:46.380 Mark, the whole revolution and really helps civilization along. 01:00:46.380 --> 01:00:50.900 And we had a lecture here, if I can, where's my remote? 01:00:50.900 --> 01:00:52.660 So Luca O'Neill's not a good guy. 01:00:52.660 --> 01:00:53.660 That's pretty funny. 01:00:53.660 --> 01:00:56.220 I guess I'm not surprised. 01:00:56.220 --> 01:00:57.220 Hang on. 01:00:57.220 --> 01:00:58.220 I've gone too far. 01:00:58.220 --> 01:00:59.220 Hold on. 01:00:59.220 --> 01:01:04.500 So we had a conference here, actually, in 1993, to commemorate the 40th anniversary 01:01:04.500 --> 01:01:07.340 of this, called What is Life as Well. 01:01:07.340 --> 01:01:08.340 And I got a book out of this. 01:01:08.340 --> 01:01:09.340 I added this book with it. 01:01:09.340 --> 01:01:12.740 See, the thing is, look, the thing is it's not a hoax, okay? 01:01:12.740 --> 01:01:13.740 First of all, let's go. 01:01:13.740 --> 01:01:18.340 I think that's a really good question, is the author of the book in on the hoax. 01:01:18.340 --> 01:01:19.500 This is the book we're talking about. 01:01:19.500 --> 01:01:22.100 It's actually what is life and mind and matter. 01:01:22.100 --> 01:01:23.940 It's two different books. 01:01:24.020 --> 01:01:25.660 Like I said, I just got this in the mail. 01:01:25.660 --> 01:01:30.300 So I'm not pulling this off my bookshelf and claiming I had this and read it all along. 01:01:30.300 --> 01:01:38.140 What I am finding, though, and that's what I do have this bookshelf for, is what I am 01:01:38.140 --> 01:01:45.420 finding, I won't roll it into the screen now, though, but what I am finding are many, many 01:01:45.420 --> 01:01:46.420 books. 01:01:46.420 --> 01:01:47.420 Sorry. 01:01:47.420 --> 01:01:48.420 I don't know what you could. 01:01:48.420 --> 01:01:49.420 Oh, yeah. 01:01:49.420 --> 01:01:50.420 I was standing on that camera. 01:01:51.420 --> 01:01:56.340 Books where here's Jonas Salk, survival of the wisest. 01:01:56.340 --> 01:01:58.780 That's a book you ought to read because that one's shocking. 01:01:58.780 --> 01:02:01.980 Molecular vision of life by Lily Kay. 01:02:01.980 --> 01:02:06.340 And this was one that I was adding to that same shelf. 01:02:06.340 --> 01:02:12.980 There have been lots of people who have been thinking about what humankind should do with 01:02:12.980 --> 01:02:16.140 the knowledge that we now have. 01:02:16.140 --> 01:02:20.100 This book here, this book by Jonas Salk, I don't know if you've ever heard of Jonas 01:02:20.100 --> 01:02:26.740 Salk, this book argues that now that we know that we are subject to evolutionary 01:02:26.740 --> 01:02:33.900 pressures, now that we know how traits are passed from, from, from generation and generation, 01:02:33.900 --> 01:02:39.700 isn't it our obligation to use that knowledge? 01:02:39.700 --> 01:02:43.420 Isn't it our obligation as a species to use that knowledge? 01:02:43.420 --> 01:02:49.300 Shouldn't we think as a species when we can, even if all other species can't? 01:02:49.300 --> 01:02:51.940 That's what this freaking books about. 01:02:51.940 --> 01:02:56.060 And so where do those, where do those ideas lead us? 01:02:56.060 --> 01:03:00.620 You can, you can do that, use that model in your head very easy. 01:03:00.620 --> 01:03:06.340 And I suspect that there's a lot to do with this too, because again, once we understand 01:03:06.340 --> 01:03:10.820 how our genome works, don't we have an obligation to augment it? 01:03:10.820 --> 01:03:13.860 Don't we have an obligation to improve it? 01:03:13.860 --> 01:03:17.940 In fact, wouldn't that be part of the natural process of evolution? 01:03:17.940 --> 01:03:22.860 If we did that to ourselves, this is the argument that they make, which just completes 01:03:22.860 --> 01:03:28.860 the circle and outside of that circle is everything sacred. 01:03:28.860 --> 01:03:34.740 To me, it's extraordinary because it doesn't, you don't have to read a lot of books to find 01:03:34.740 --> 01:03:41.420 out that it's a very, very common theme among the highest echelons of these thinkers. 01:03:41.420 --> 01:03:46.260 That the conclusion is that if we are an exceptional species with exceptional knowledge of ourselves, 01:03:46.260 --> 01:03:50.380 an exceptional knowledge of the universe, it doesn't that come with some moral obligation 01:03:50.380 --> 01:03:51.380 to use it? 01:03:51.380 --> 01:03:55.500 And then how should we use it? 01:03:55.500 --> 01:04:00.580 And does the rights of an individual really factor into how we use that knowledge on a 01:04:00.580 --> 01:04:01.580 species-wide scale? 01:04:01.580 --> 01:04:02.580 I don't know. 01:04:02.580 --> 01:04:06.140 These people don't think so. 01:04:06.140 --> 01:04:07.140 And so this is cool. 01:04:07.140 --> 01:04:10.100 I'm really excited to hear what Craig's got to say now, because now I know. 01:04:10.100 --> 01:04:13.660 I think Murphy, a colleague of mine in biochemistry, who said that water's life lecture happened 01:04:13.660 --> 01:04:14.660 in Trinity. 01:04:14.660 --> 01:04:15.660 Many of us weren't aware of that. 01:04:15.740 --> 01:04:17.460 But the book, we were to where it was done in Trinity. 01:04:17.460 --> 01:04:18.780 And we published a book. 01:04:18.780 --> 01:04:22.300 We edited a book with all these great speakers, came to the conference that were the conference 01:04:22.300 --> 01:04:23.300 proceedings. 01:04:23.300 --> 01:04:27.540 And just the impact, it was translated into 17 languages amazingly, this proceedings of 01:04:27.540 --> 01:04:29.380 this event in 1993. 01:04:29.380 --> 01:04:33.980 And very importantly, we got all the people who spoke at it to sign the book. 01:04:33.980 --> 01:04:36.140 This is the names that came here in 1993. 01:04:36.140 --> 01:04:37.140 And you see them here. 01:04:37.140 --> 01:04:38.140 They're all very famous people. 01:04:38.140 --> 01:04:43.260 John Maynard Smith, Stuart Kauffman, Roger Penrose, Christian Doudve, Stephen Jay Gould, 01:04:43.260 --> 01:04:44.820 Gerald Adelman, Jared Diamond. 01:04:44.820 --> 01:04:46.820 The next speaker will get better with audio. 01:04:46.820 --> 01:04:47.820 This is before there's eBay. 01:04:47.820 --> 01:04:49.660 I would have auctioned it by now. 01:04:49.660 --> 01:04:51.420 And that was the water's life version in 1993. 01:04:51.420 --> 01:04:53.340 So that just shows you all these people turned up. 01:04:53.340 --> 01:04:56.900 Me and Mike Murphy in our mid-20s invited them when they all came along. 01:04:56.900 --> 01:04:57.980 And it was a great celebration. 01:04:57.980 --> 01:05:02.460 Now, I show this because one of the speakers, Jared Diamond, is a very famous writer. 01:05:02.460 --> 01:05:04.940 He wrote a great book called The Third Shimp on Zia Maynard Rediff. 01:05:04.940 --> 01:05:09.340 And myself and Patty Cunningham for Esauff invited Jared to come. 01:05:09.340 --> 01:05:10.700 And he wrote this nice letter back. 01:05:10.700 --> 01:05:14.140 He said, apologies, but I'm unable to accept your invitation. 01:05:14.140 --> 01:05:18.060 Are you the Luca O'Neill who organized the What is Life Symposium in Trinity some years 01:05:18.060 --> 01:05:19.060 back? 01:05:19.060 --> 01:05:23.540 Or to remember at the dinner, your co-organizer reaching over and taking some of your food, 01:05:23.540 --> 01:05:28.300 a common sign of intimacy among primates. 01:05:28.300 --> 01:05:30.020 Did that person become your wife? 01:05:30.020 --> 01:05:31.020 And she did? 01:05:31.020 --> 01:05:32.020 And she's here somewhere, Margaret. 01:05:32.020 --> 01:05:33.020 There she is. 01:05:33.020 --> 01:05:38.500 Random applause for Margaret. 01:05:39.500 --> 01:05:45.380 At the time, my girlfriend, now Margaret was the official photographer of the event. 01:05:45.380 --> 01:05:46.380 And this is the Japanese translation. 01:05:46.380 --> 01:05:47.380 There's all the speakers. 01:05:47.380 --> 01:05:48.380 There's Margaret Whirl. 01:05:48.380 --> 01:05:50.380 They couldn't translate her name into Japanese. 01:05:50.380 --> 01:05:51.380 But there's all the speakers. 01:05:51.380 --> 01:05:53.420 So Jared Diamond is obviously a very peculiar man. 01:05:53.420 --> 01:05:55.860 We're already happy to get that letter from him. 01:05:55.860 --> 01:05:58.900 Now let's get back to the matter in hand, though. 01:05:58.900 --> 01:06:02.740 In the book What is Life, showing her opens with this great sentence, really. 01:06:02.740 --> 01:06:05.580 He said he gave the lecture in dubs and he points that out. 01:06:05.580 --> 01:06:09.740 And he said the subject matter was a difficult one, and the lectures could not be turned popular, 01:06:09.740 --> 01:06:14.300 even though the physicist's most dreaded weapon, mathematical deduction, would hardly be used. 01:06:14.300 --> 01:06:16.140 And he was a fantastic communicator. 01:06:16.140 --> 01:06:20.740 The book was written with crystal clear prose and inspired people like Jim Watson, Seymour 01:06:20.740 --> 01:06:23.060 Benzer, Leslie Orgel, Francis Crick. 01:06:23.060 --> 01:06:26.860 All of these great giants of Maniculobaji said they read the book and they were inspired. 01:06:26.860 --> 01:06:29.380 And of course, the question is what inspired him in the first place. 01:06:29.380 --> 01:06:33.340 There's the book, of course, when it came out, and it says in the page, given in Trinity 01:06:33.340 --> 01:06:38.340 County's Dublin, this is the 1943 edition, but what's interesting is Louis Lebrocki became 01:06:38.340 --> 01:06:41.700 a big friend of Schrodinger, and turned up with the lectures. 01:06:41.700 --> 01:06:44.580 And sketched a picture of Schrodinger during the lecture, which we couldn't get our hands 01:06:44.580 --> 01:06:48.220 on for this, but later on, then did a beautiful, typical Lebrocki party. 01:06:48.220 --> 01:06:52.420 So Schrodinger was very popular in Dublin, many friends, many artists, including Lebrocki. 01:06:52.420 --> 01:06:56.620 And of course, here's a great picture, I think, from the Royal Arts Academy in 1942. 01:06:56.620 --> 01:07:00.820 Here's Devallera, here's Schrodinger, here's Paul Dirac, who won the Nobel Prize with Schrodinger 01:07:00.820 --> 01:07:01.820 outside the Royal Academy. 01:07:01.820 --> 01:07:05.700 There's a worrying number of pre-sterial notice in the background. 01:07:05.700 --> 01:07:08.300 But that was a conference that was held in Dublin when he can invite his friends. 01:07:08.300 --> 01:07:09.980 So this was the inspiration for what is life. 01:07:09.980 --> 01:07:15.700 A paper had come out in 1938 by a guy called Max Delbrocki, a very famous biochemist, my 01:07:15.700 --> 01:07:16.700 lack of a biologist. 01:07:16.700 --> 01:07:20.940 And in this paper, what they were doing is that they were radiating fruit flies at radiation, 01:07:20.940 --> 01:07:24.380 fruit flies, and we heard about fruit flies yesterday from a dual half man, and they were 01:07:24.380 --> 01:07:29.460 trying to quantify the smallest amount of radiation to cause a change in the phenotype, 01:07:29.460 --> 01:07:30.460 the trait of the fly. 01:07:30.460 --> 01:07:31.460 Wow. 01:07:31.460 --> 01:07:34.060 So it's a small amount of radiation, and they've got maybe the wings change. 01:07:34.060 --> 01:07:35.060 Wow. 01:07:35.060 --> 01:07:38.260 From that, they said a gene must be a thousand atoms big. 01:07:38.260 --> 01:07:39.260 Wow. 01:07:39.260 --> 01:07:41.260 Do you hear how dumb that is? 01:07:41.260 --> 01:07:42.740 Can you hear that? 01:07:42.740 --> 01:07:47.540 This is the same thing that Mark has been on for a long time, the radiation, nuclear 01:07:47.540 --> 01:07:56.300 energy, mutating genes, and mutation being the primary source of evolutionary change. 01:07:56.300 --> 01:08:01.460 The idea was using radiation to mutate humans to make superhumans rotary. 01:08:01.460 --> 01:08:06.540 This was a way of trying to understand how evolution worked, and they thought that they 01:08:06.540 --> 01:08:11.060 could irradiate genomes and increase the rate of evolution. 01:08:11.060 --> 01:08:14.460 They actually thought this. 01:08:14.460 --> 01:08:20.580 These are, this is from the pool of bad ideas from which our current understanding of biology 01:08:20.580 --> 01:08:22.860 grows. 01:08:22.860 --> 01:08:28.900 So we need to understand this pool very well, who are never going to understand why this 01:08:28.900 --> 01:08:33.140 tree that we call biology is so misshapen. 01:08:33.140 --> 01:08:34.140 It's wonderful. 01:08:34.140 --> 01:08:35.380 I can't believe it. 01:08:35.380 --> 01:08:37.660 A mutation in a molecule that size. 01:08:37.660 --> 01:08:41.220 Shoring around that paper, I was inspired to give his lectures, and he says in what 01:08:41.220 --> 01:08:46.340 it's like, the target for which the ionization radiation is about a thousand atoms big. 01:08:46.340 --> 01:08:48.980 We believe a gene to be an aperiodic crystal. 01:08:48.980 --> 01:08:49.980 Very important. 01:08:49.980 --> 01:08:55.020 The gene must be stable, it must be a crystal, it must have information, so it's aperiodic, 01:08:55.020 --> 01:08:56.900 and that was the phrase he coined. 01:08:56.900 --> 01:09:00.340 And then he says it's the chromosome that contains some kind of code script, and that 01:09:00.340 --> 01:09:04.940 was the first time ever the term genetic code was used on this stage in 1943. 01:09:04.940 --> 01:09:05.940 So that's kind of cool. 01:09:05.940 --> 01:09:08.820 So those all come from this book, that's what's really neat about it. 01:09:08.820 --> 01:09:13.820 So let me read what he cited there, because it's actually funny that he didn't read the 01:09:13.820 --> 01:09:15.340 whole quote. 01:09:15.340 --> 01:09:17.220 Maybe the next guy will read the whole quote. 01:09:17.220 --> 01:09:21.340 So he said that the book starts with a quote. 01:09:21.340 --> 01:09:28.780 This is the preface, and this is chapter one, and large and important and very much discussed 01:09:28.780 --> 01:09:34.500 question is, how can the events in space time, which take place within the spatial boundary 01:09:34.500 --> 01:09:43.900 of a living organism be accounted for by physics and chemistry? 01:09:43.900 --> 01:09:48.260 And the next page says the preliminary answer, which is the little, which this little book 01:09:48.260 --> 01:09:53.140 will endeavor to expound and establish can be summarized as follows. 01:09:53.140 --> 01:09:59.340 The obvious inability of present day physics and chemistry to account for such events is 01:09:59.340 --> 01:10:05.300 no reason at all for doubting that they can be accounted for by those sciences. 01:10:05.300 --> 01:10:11.060 In other words, just because chemistry and physics can't explain life now, there's no 01:10:11.060 --> 01:10:15.780 reason to believe that in the future chemistry and physics can't explain it. 01:10:15.780 --> 01:10:20.780 Therefore, there is no sacred, there is no irreducible complexity. 01:10:20.780 --> 01:10:27.260 There are no emergent properties that come above and past chemistry and physics that 01:10:27.260 --> 01:10:30.620 only occur in living systems in living patterns. 01:10:30.620 --> 01:10:32.700 There's nothing like that. 01:10:32.700 --> 01:10:38.220 We are a chemical soup obeying physical laws. 01:10:38.220 --> 01:10:41.340 And therefore, we are not sacred. 01:10:41.340 --> 01:10:44.220 And so that's where this book starts. 01:10:44.220 --> 01:10:49.220 That's where this guy is starting from, from the perspective of understanding DNA and the 01:10:49.220 --> 01:10:51.820 human genome and the human pattern integrity. 01:10:51.820 --> 01:10:56.180 Of course, we now know the genetic color was the go away to describe this. 01:10:56.180 --> 01:11:00.500 Now, mind you, the only thing is two thirds of the book was not about genes at all. 01:11:00.500 --> 01:11:01.500 It was about thermodynamics. 01:11:01.500 --> 01:11:04.340 And he had this awful diagram. 01:11:04.340 --> 01:11:05.340 And that's been neglected. 01:11:05.340 --> 01:11:06.340 It's amazing. 01:11:06.340 --> 01:11:08.060 And for what his life was DNA. 01:11:08.060 --> 01:11:10.860 The thermodynamics was kind of forgotten about, I guess, and people often forget that we've 01:11:10.860 --> 01:11:13.860 still worked to do on the thermodynamics of living systems. 01:11:13.860 --> 01:11:16.500 And there is the structure of DNA that came out, of course. 01:11:16.500 --> 01:11:18.300 And then we had the famous Watson and Crick paper. 01:11:18.300 --> 01:11:21.580 And I'd say Jim will speak a bit later to describe the structure of DNA. 01:11:21.580 --> 01:11:28.300 But very importantly, Francis Crick writes to Schrodinger in Tlantarff with a reprint 01:11:28.300 --> 01:11:29.300 of the paper. 01:11:29.300 --> 01:11:30.300 Isn't that amazing? 01:11:30.300 --> 01:11:34.100 And he says here, me and Watson, we know we were very influenced by what is life. 01:11:34.100 --> 01:11:36.460 He said, we thought you'd be interested in the enclosed reprints. 01:11:36.460 --> 01:11:39.380 This is the key reprint of all biology and history. 01:11:39.380 --> 01:11:43.060 And he said, we think your term aperiodic crystal will be a very apt one. 01:11:43.060 --> 01:11:47.060 And that shows you the influence of this very important lecture and showed you a good aperiodic 01:11:47.060 --> 01:11:48.620 crystal does describe DNA. 01:11:48.620 --> 01:11:52.660 Now, the last thing I want to say before we hand over to our honored guest is, Flano 01:11:52.660 --> 01:11:55.020 Bryan got involved inevitably. 01:11:55.020 --> 01:11:57.180 And he became friends with Schrodinger, and they kind of hit it off. 01:11:57.180 --> 01:12:00.900 And the third policeman, as you may know, involves the molecular exchange theory and 01:12:00.900 --> 01:12:01.900 so on. 01:12:01.980 --> 01:12:06.780 And in 1942, before the, what is life lecture, Schrodinger gave a public lecture on the Heisenberg 01:12:06.780 --> 01:12:10.100 uncertainty principle, right, and Flano Bryan was in the audience. 01:12:10.100 --> 01:12:15.060 There was a second professor in the D.I.A.S. at the time in Celtic studies, because Devilair 01:12:15.060 --> 01:12:17.500 had two hobbies, Irish history and mathematics. 01:12:17.500 --> 01:12:21.580 And they appointed a chair in Celtic studies, a guy called O'Reilly and Schrodinger. 01:12:21.580 --> 01:12:25.060 And O'Reilly spoke, he was an expert on St. Patrick. 01:12:25.060 --> 01:12:27.620 And he said there was a historical record that there were two, St. Patrick's. 01:12:27.620 --> 01:12:28.620 And this is true. 01:12:28.620 --> 01:12:32.820 Same from Rome, called Palladius, and one from Wales, called Patricius. 01:12:32.820 --> 01:12:36.060 And then Schrodinger gets up and he talks about the quantum world, the uncertainty of 01:12:36.060 --> 01:12:37.580 existence, you know. 01:12:37.580 --> 01:12:43.380 And the next thing in the Irish times, Flano Bryan writes the funniest science joke on record. 01:12:43.380 --> 01:12:47.740 The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, with its strange combination of Celtic history 01:12:47.740 --> 01:12:51.580 and cosmic physics, has proven that there were two St. Patrick's and no God. 01:12:51.580 --> 01:12:56.140 And I was just fine, that's very funny. 01:12:56.140 --> 01:12:59.220 And that's a round of applause for Flano Bryan, even though he isn't here. 01:12:59.220 --> 01:13:00.300 What a wonderful phrase. 01:13:00.300 --> 01:13:02.700 So this just shows you the influence Schrodinger had. 01:13:02.700 --> 01:13:06.460 And now it gives me a great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for tonight. 01:13:06.460 --> 01:13:10.300 And no finer person could we have for this task to reflect on Schrodinger. 01:13:10.300 --> 01:13:12.140 And of course he's here for Esauf as well. 01:13:12.140 --> 01:13:15.740 And I'd like you to welcome Craig Venter, who's going to speak about what is life, 01:13:15.740 --> 01:13:17.580 a 21st century perspective. 01:13:17.580 --> 01:13:18.580 Craig. 01:13:18.580 --> 01:13:41.220 Well, thank you for that wonderful layup for this exciting event. 01:13:41.220 --> 01:13:47.860 And Teischach and Provost, distinguished guests, family and friends. 01:13:47.860 --> 01:13:52.860 It's indeed an honor to be here for this event. 01:13:52.860 --> 01:13:58.580 And I was asked earlier whether the goal is to dissect what Schrodinger had spoken about 01:13:58.580 --> 01:14:03.580 and written, or to present the new summary. 01:14:03.580 --> 01:14:10.340 And I always like to be forward looking, so I won't give you a history lesson, except 01:14:10.340 --> 01:14:11.340 for very briefly. 01:14:11.340 --> 01:14:16.220 I will present our findings first on reading the genetic code and then learning to synthesize 01:14:16.220 --> 01:14:17.220 and write the genetic code. 01:14:17.220 --> 01:14:22.180 And as many of you know, we synthesized an entire genome, booted it up to create an entirely 01:14:22.180 --> 01:14:28.740 new synthetic cell, where every protein in the cell was based on the synthetic DNA code. 01:14:28.740 --> 01:14:32.380 So as you all know, what Schrodinger's book was published in 1944, it was based on a series 01:14:32.380 --> 01:14:36.180 of three lectures here starting in. 01:14:36.180 --> 01:14:43.140 What he really means there, right, is that they took the genome of a yeast and they made 01:14:43.140 --> 01:14:46.020 a synthetic copy of it. 01:14:46.020 --> 01:14:52.500 And then that DNA could be used to grow another yeast. 01:14:52.500 --> 01:14:57.780 So it's not exactly what he's suggesting, which is like, you know, it almost seems like 01:14:57.780 --> 01:15:04.380 they just went to the drawing board, made up a whole new DNA sequence, put it in a membrane 01:15:04.380 --> 01:15:08.220 and it went, but that's not what they did. 01:15:08.220 --> 01:15:13.300 They just showed that they could copy a whole genome, make a synthetic version of it and 01:15:13.300 --> 01:15:20.620 that that synthetic molecule could be reinserted and it would faithfully allow that organism 01:15:20.620 --> 01:15:21.620 to replicate. 01:15:21.620 --> 01:15:26.260 So, as far as I understand it, it's not the exact same thing as synthetic life, although 01:15:26.260 --> 01:15:27.260 they would like you to believe. 01:15:27.260 --> 01:15:34.460 I mean, I guess it is synthetic life, but it's as, you know, it's still based on life. 01:15:34.460 --> 01:15:36.860 I thought that would work. 01:15:36.860 --> 01:15:37.860 Sorry. 01:15:37.860 --> 01:15:42.860 I mean, it's really interesting to be sharing this event with Jim Watson, who have known 01:15:42.860 --> 01:15:46.860 and had multiple interactions with over the last 25 years and, including most recently, 01:15:46.860 --> 01:15:50.860 sharing the double helix prize for human genome sequencing with him from Cold Spring Harbor 01:15:50.860 --> 01:15:52.860 laboratory a few years ago. 01:15:52.860 --> 01:15:57.860 Now, Schrodger started his work with Jim Watson, and he was a scientist. 01:15:57.860 --> 01:15:58.860 He was a scientist. 01:15:58.860 --> 01:15:59.860 He was a scientist. 01:15:59.860 --> 01:16:00.860 He was a scientist. 01:16:00.860 --> 01:16:01.860 He was a scientist. 01:16:01.860 --> 01:16:02.860 He was a scientist. 01:16:03.860 --> 01:16:06.860 And, you know, sequencing with him from Cold Spring Harbor laboratory a few years ago. 01:16:06.860 --> 01:16:11.860 Now, Schrodger started his lecture with a key question and an interesting insight on it. 01:16:11.860 --> 01:16:12.860 The question was, I'll read it. 01:16:12.860 --> 01:16:16.860 How can the events in space and time, which take place within the boundaries of a living 01:16:16.860 --> 01:16:18.860 organism, be accounted for by physics and chemistry? 01:16:18.860 --> 01:16:20.860 It's a pretty straightforward, simple question. 01:16:20.860 --> 01:16:22.860 And then he sort of answered what he could at the time. 01:16:22.860 --> 01:16:26.860 The obvious inability of present day physics and chemistry to account for such events is 01:16:26.860 --> 01:16:30.860 no reason at all for doubting that they will be accounted for by the sciences. 01:16:30.860 --> 01:16:31.860 That's good. 01:16:32.860 --> 01:16:34.860 I only have around 40 minutes, not three lectures. 01:16:34.860 --> 01:16:38.860 I hope to convince you that there has been substantial progress in the last nearly 70 01:16:38.860 --> 01:16:42.860 years, since Schrodger initially asked that question, to the point where the answer is 01:16:42.860 --> 01:16:45.860 at least nearly at hand, if not in hand. 01:16:45.860 --> 01:16:50.860 So, I view that we're now in what I'm calling the digital age of biology. 01:16:50.860 --> 01:16:55.860 My teams work on synthesizing genomes based on digital code in the computer, and four 01:16:55.860 --> 01:16:59.860 bottles of chemicals illustrates the ultimate link between the computer code and the digital 01:16:59.860 --> 01:17:00.860 code. 01:17:00.860 --> 01:17:05.860 Life as code, as you heard in the introduction, was very clearly articulated by Schrodinger 01:17:05.860 --> 01:17:06.860 as code script. 01:17:06.860 --> 01:17:10.860 I think perhaps even more importantly, and something I missed on the first few readings 01:17:10.860 --> 01:17:16.860 of his book early in my career, was, as far as I can tell, the first mention that this 01:17:16.860 --> 01:17:18.860 code could be as simple as a binary code. 01:17:18.860 --> 01:17:22.860 And he used the example of Morris code with just dots and dashes. 01:17:22.860 --> 01:17:25.860 It could be sufficient to give 34 different specifications. 01:17:26.860 --> 01:17:31.860 I've searched and I have not find any earlier references to the Morris code, although 01:17:31.860 --> 01:17:38.860 a historian that I know wrote a quick letter asking about that then in quick response was, 01:17:38.860 --> 01:17:41.860 it was a metaphor that was obvious to everybody, so I don't know if it was obvious to everybody 01:17:41.860 --> 01:17:44.860 after Schrodinger's book or sometime before. 01:17:44.860 --> 01:17:48.860 One of the things, though, Schrodinger was right about a lot of things, which is why, 01:17:48.860 --> 01:17:51.860 in fact, I think we celebrate what he talked about and what he wrote about. 01:17:52.860 --> 01:17:57.860 But some things he was clearly wrong about, like most scientists in his time, and he relied 01:17:57.860 --> 01:17:59.860 on the biologist of the day. 01:17:59.860 --> 01:18:02.860 They thought that protein, not DNA, was the genetic information. 01:18:02.860 --> 01:18:09.860 And I think it's really quite extraordinary because just in 1944, in the same year that 01:18:09.860 --> 01:18:15.860 he published his book, is when the famous experiment by Oswald Avery, who was actually 65 and about 01:18:15.860 --> 01:18:19.860 ready to retire, along with his colleagues Colin McCloud and acclaimed McCartney, published 01:18:19.860 --> 01:18:23.860 their key paper demonstrating that DNA was actually the substance that causes bacterial 01:18:23.860 --> 01:18:26.860 transformation and, therefore, was the genetic material. 01:18:26.860 --> 01:18:28.860 His experiment was remarkably simple. 01:18:28.860 --> 01:18:33.860 And I sort of wonder why it wasn't done 50 years earlier, because with all the wonderful 01:18:33.860 --> 01:18:37.860 genetics work going on in Drosophila, certainly people were looking at chromosomes. 01:18:37.860 --> 01:18:41.860 He simply used proteolytic enzymes to destroy all the proteins associated with the DNA and 01:18:41.860 --> 01:18:46.860 showed that the DNA, the naked DNA, was, in fact, of the transforming factor. 01:18:47.860 --> 01:18:51.860 The impact of this paper was far from instantaneous, as has happened in this field. 01:18:51.860 --> 01:18:57.860 I think, in part, because there was so much bias against DNA and towards proteins that 01:18:57.860 --> 01:19:00.860 it took a long time for that to sink in. 01:19:00.860 --> 01:19:06.860 In 1949, obviously, was the first sequencing of a protein by Fred Sanger, and the protein 01:19:06.860 --> 01:19:07.860 was insulin. 01:19:07.860 --> 01:19:12.860 And this work showed, in fact, that proteins consisted of linear amino acid codes. 01:19:13.860 --> 01:19:18.860 And he won the Nobel Prize in 1958 for that achievement, and was very key in terms of 01:19:18.860 --> 01:19:21.860 a leader understanding of the link between DNA and proteins. 01:19:21.860 --> 01:19:27.860 But as you heard in the introduction, obviously, the discovery that changed the whole field 01:19:27.860 --> 01:19:33.860 and started us down to DNA root was the 1953 work by Watson and Crick, with help from 01:19:33.860 --> 01:19:37.860 Maurice Wilkins and Roslyn Franklin, showing that DNA was, in fact, a double helix, and 01:19:37.860 --> 01:19:40.860 had a clear explanation of how it could be self-replicated. 01:19:40.860 --> 01:19:46.860 Again, this was not, as I understand, instantly perceived as a breakthrough, because the 01:19:46.860 --> 01:19:49.860 biochemist was still hanging on to genetic code. 01:19:49.860 --> 01:19:55.860 But soon, with a few more experiments from others, the world changed pretty dramatically. 01:19:55.860 --> 01:20:00.860 I think the next big thing came from the work, obviously, of Corona and Marshall Nuremberg, 01:20:00.860 --> 01:20:05.860 in 1961, where they worked out the triplet genetic code, three letters of genetic code, 01:20:05.860 --> 01:20:07.860 coding for a single amino acid. 01:20:07.860 --> 01:20:12.860 And then this became clear how the linear DNA code that coded for the linear protein code. 01:20:12.860 --> 01:20:17.860 This was followed a few years later by Robert Hawley's discovery of the structure of tRNA. 01:20:17.860 --> 01:20:22.860 And tRNA is the key, the key, a link between the messenger RNA and bringing the amino acids 01:20:22.860 --> 01:20:24.860 in for protein synthesis. 01:20:24.860 --> 01:20:29.860 So Hawley and Nuremberg and Corona shared the Nobel Prize in 1968 for that work. 01:20:29.860 --> 01:20:31.860 The next decade brought us restriction enzymes. 01:20:31.860 --> 01:20:35.860 So my friend and colleague, Ham Smith, who is at the Venture Institute now in 1970, 01:20:35.860 --> 01:20:37.860 did the first restriction enzymes. 01:20:37.860 --> 01:20:40.860 These are the molecular scissors that cut DNA very precisely, 01:20:40.860 --> 01:20:44.860 and enabled the entire field of molecular engineering and molecular biology. 01:20:44.860 --> 01:20:49.860 And Ham Smith and Warner Arbor and Dan Nathan shared the prize in 1978 for that work. 01:20:49.860 --> 01:20:53.860 The 70s brought not only some interesting dress codes and characters, 01:20:53.860 --> 01:20:58.860 but the beginning of the molecular splicing revolution using restriction enzymes. 01:20:58.860 --> 01:21:03.860 Conan Boyer and Paul Berg published the first papers on recombinant DNA. 01:21:04.860 --> 01:21:06.860 And Conan Boyer at Stanford found a patent on their work, 01:21:06.860 --> 01:21:13.860 and this was used by Genentech and Eli Lilly to produce a human insulin as the first recombinant drug. 01:21:15.860 --> 01:21:18.860 DNA sequencing and reading the genetic code progressed much more slowly. 01:21:18.860 --> 01:21:25.860 So in 1973, a maximum in Gilbert published a paper on 24 base pairs, 24 letters of genetic code. 01:21:25.860 --> 01:21:28.860 RNA sequencing progressed a little bit faster. 01:21:29.860 --> 01:21:36.860 So the first actual genome, a viral genome, an RNA viral genome, was sequenced in 1976 by Walter Fiers from Belgium. 01:21:36.860 --> 01:21:41.860 And this was followed the following year by Fred Sanger again, a sequence in the first DNA of virus. 01:21:41.860 --> 01:21:45.860 And this was 5x174 that I'll bring back to mind with you. 01:21:45.860 --> 01:21:50.860 So this became the first DNA virus in the first viral DNA genome. 01:21:50.860 --> 01:21:53.860 And it was also accompanied by this new sequencing technique, 01:21:53.860 --> 01:21:56.860 now referred to as Sanger sequencing, that Sanger introduced. 01:21:56.860 --> 01:21:59.860 This is a picture of Sanger's team that sequenced 5x. 01:21:59.860 --> 01:22:02.860 The second guy from the left on the bottom is Clyde Hutchinson, 01:22:02.860 --> 01:22:08.860 who was also a member of the Adventure Institute, and joined us after retiring from the University of North Carolina, 01:22:08.860 --> 01:22:12.860 and played a key role in some of the synthetic genome work. 01:22:12.860 --> 01:22:17.860 So in 1975, I was just getting my PhD as the first genes were being sequenced. 01:22:17.860 --> 01:22:21.860 20 years later, I led the team to sequenced the first genome of a living species, 01:22:21.860 --> 01:22:23.860 and Ham Smith was a key part of that team. 01:22:23.860 --> 01:22:25.860 This was homeless influenza. 01:22:25.860 --> 01:22:29.860 Instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million letters of genetic code. 01:22:29.860 --> 01:22:32.860 We're about 300 times the size of the 5x genome. 01:22:32.860 --> 01:22:40.860 Five years later, we upped the ante 1,600 times with the first draft of the human genome using these new whole genome shot. 01:22:40.860 --> 01:22:50.860 So I don't know if you're clear about what he just said there, but I think he just said HIB bacteria. 01:22:50.860 --> 01:22:57.860 So he sequenced HIB, which is one of the most deadly vaccines on the childhood vaccine schedule. 01:22:57.860 --> 01:22:59.860 At least we used to be. 01:22:59.860 --> 01:23:01.860 Yeah, it's not a good thing. 01:23:01.860 --> 01:23:08.860 And its name is an H word in the beginning and then influenza in the second word, 01:23:08.860 --> 01:23:10.860 and then B stands for something else. 01:23:10.860 --> 01:23:14.860 Instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million letters of genetic code. 01:23:14.860 --> 01:23:16.860 We're about 300,000 letters of genetic code. 01:23:16.860 --> 01:23:18.860 We're about 300 times the size of the 5x genome. 01:23:18.860 --> 01:23:25.860 Five years later, we upped the ante 1,600 times with the first draft of the human genome using these new whole genome shotgun techniques. 01:23:25.860 --> 01:23:33.860 The smaller paper is the public genome effort size doesn't reflect its significance only its relative significance to me. 01:23:33.860 --> 01:23:40.860 So the human genome is about a half a million times larger than the 5x genome. 01:23:40.860 --> 01:23:43.860 So it shows how fast things were developing. 01:23:43.860 --> 01:23:45.860 And reading genomes is now progressed extremely rapidly. 01:23:45.860 --> 01:23:50.860 So instead of years or decades, it now takes about two hours to sequence a human genome. 01:23:50.860 --> 01:23:56.860 Instead of genomes per day or genomes per hour or hours per genome, we can now, in a recently done, 01:23:56.860 --> 01:24:00.860 a demonstration sequencing 2,000 complete microbial genomes in one run in one hour. 01:24:00.860 --> 01:24:03.860 So the pace is changing quite substantially. 01:24:03.860 --> 01:24:07.860 Now, I view DNA as an analog coding molecule. 01:24:07.860 --> 01:24:11.860 And when we sequence the DNA, we're converting that analog code into digital code. 01:24:11.860 --> 01:24:18.860 Remember that if he's right, and 11 years ago, we could sequence a human genome in two hours, 01:24:18.860 --> 01:24:27.860 then the testing operation in the United States could have easily been a test deployment of a mass genotyping operation. 01:24:27.860 --> 01:24:36.860 And so depending on where these remnants went and who they were sold to, if you can sequence a genome in two hours in 11 years ago, 01:24:36.860 --> 01:24:42.860 then I guess chances are pretty good, then in about the same time they can do those PCR reactions, 01:24:42.860 --> 01:24:50.860 they can also be amplifying a whole genome, or using other means where you don't have to amplify the genome before you sequence it, 01:24:50.860 --> 01:24:52.860 like, for example, nanopore. 01:24:52.860 --> 01:24:55.860 And so there's a lot of sketchy stuff going on here. 01:24:55.860 --> 01:24:57.860 And my chickens are crawling. 01:24:57.860 --> 01:24:59.860 So I'm going to show you a little bit of what's going on here. 01:25:00.860 --> 01:25:02.860 So I'm just going to check outside to make sure everything's okay. 01:25:02.860 --> 01:25:04.860 It could just be an egg that's been laid. 01:25:04.860 --> 01:25:05.860 I'll be right back. 01:25:05.860 --> 01:25:06.860 I'm going to push play. 01:25:06.860 --> 01:25:13.860 The ones and zeros in the computer are very similar to the dots and dashes that Schrodinger indicated might be the original code. 01:25:13.860 --> 01:25:16.860 And I call this process digitizing biology. 01:25:16.860 --> 01:25:20.860 A number of scientists have drawn the analogy between computers and biology. 01:25:20.860 --> 01:25:21.860 I take these even further. 01:25:21.860 --> 01:25:22.860 I take these. 01:25:23.860 --> 01:25:25.860 I describe DNA as the software of life. 01:25:25.860 --> 01:25:33.860 And when we activate a synthetic genome in a cell, we call it, we describe it as booting up a genome in a cell the same way we talk about booting up a software. 01:25:33.860 --> 01:25:37.860 June 23rd of this year was Alan Turing's would have been his 100th birthday. 01:25:37.860 --> 01:25:41.860 And Turing described what has become to be known as Turing machines. 01:25:41.860 --> 01:25:44.860 And the machine described a set of instructions written on a tape. 01:25:44.860 --> 01:25:47.860 He also described the universal Turing machine. 01:25:47.860 --> 01:25:51.860 Which was a machine that could take that set of instructions and rewrite them. 01:25:51.860 --> 01:25:54.860 And this was the original origin of the digital computer. 01:25:54.860 --> 01:25:59.860 Now his ideas were carried further in the 1940s by John Van Neumann, as many people know. 01:25:59.860 --> 01:26:02.860 And he conceived of the self-replicating machine. 01:26:02.860 --> 01:26:08.860 So Von Neumann's machine consisted of a series of cells which encoded a sequence of actions that be performed by the machine. 01:26:08.860 --> 01:26:12.860 And using a writing head, the machine can be used by the machine. 01:26:12.860 --> 01:26:15.860 Which encoded a sequence of actions that be performed by the machine. 01:26:15.860 --> 01:26:19.860 And using a writing head, the machine can print out a new pattern of cells. 01:26:19.860 --> 01:26:22.860 Allowing it to make a complete copy of itself on the tape. 01:26:22.860 --> 01:26:26.860 So many of people have certainly made the analogy, most recently in nature. 01:26:26.860 --> 01:26:29.860 Sydney Brenner played a role in almost all these stages of early biology. 01:26:29.860 --> 01:26:32.860 I wrote an article about Turing and biology. 01:26:32.860 --> 01:26:38.860 And in this he argued that the best examples of a Turing and Von Neumann machine is found in biology. 01:26:38.860 --> 01:26:42.860 With the self-replicating code, the internal description of itself. 01:26:42.860 --> 01:26:46.860 And that this is the key kernel of biological theory. 01:26:46.860 --> 01:26:50.860 So while software was pouring out of sequence of machines around the world, 01:26:50.860 --> 01:26:54.860 substantial progress was going on describing the hardware of life. 01:26:54.860 --> 01:26:56.860 Or proteins. 01:26:56.860 --> 01:27:01.860 So in biochemistry, the first two decades of the 20th century were dominated by what was called the colloid theory. 01:27:01.860 --> 01:27:07.860 So life itself is explained in terms of the aggregate properties of all the colloidal substances in an organism. 01:27:07.860 --> 01:27:11.860 We now know that these substances are a collection of three-dimensional protein machines, 01:27:11.860 --> 01:27:15.860 each evolved to carry out a very specific task. 01:27:15.860 --> 01:27:19.860 Now, these proteins have been described as nature robots. 01:27:19.860 --> 01:27:25.860 And if you think about it for every single task in a cell, every imaginable task is described by a panford and Reynolds. 01:27:25.860 --> 01:27:28.860 There is a unique protein to carry out that task. 01:27:28.860 --> 01:27:31.860 It's programmed when to go on, when to go off. 01:27:31.860 --> 01:27:33.860 And it does this based on its structure. 01:27:33.860 --> 01:27:35.860 It doesn't have consciousness. 01:27:35.860 --> 01:27:38.860 It doesn't have a control from a mind or a higher center. 01:27:38.860 --> 01:27:44.860 Everything a protein does is built into its linear code derived from the DNA code. 01:27:44.860 --> 01:27:46.860 Just briefly, there's multiple protein types. 01:27:46.860 --> 01:27:49.860 Okay, I'm going to take a big left turn here. 01:27:49.860 --> 01:27:51.860 We're going to come back to this video. 01:27:51.860 --> 01:27:54.860 I've got something hit me and I don't want to miss it. 01:27:54.860 --> 01:27:58.860 And I'm going to end the video early because this makes perfect sense to me now. 01:27:58.860 --> 01:28:01.860 He's talking about DNA. 01:28:01.860 --> 01:28:02.860 He's talking about proteins. 01:28:02.860 --> 01:28:11.860 He's talking about how all these spontaneous physical and chemical processes come together and form something that we call life. 01:28:11.860 --> 01:28:17.860 And I want to show you a video completely unrelated to this. 01:28:17.860 --> 01:28:24.860 That's so close to my heart that will give you just an insight into the kind of. 01:28:24.860 --> 01:28:27.860 I don't know what the right word is. 01:28:27.860 --> 01:28:34.860 Is it passion that I have the belief that I have reverence that I have for everything that's alive? 01:28:34.860 --> 01:28:36.860 Because here's where we are with this guy's lecture. 01:28:36.860 --> 01:28:39.860 He said protein used to be the genetic material. 01:28:39.860 --> 01:28:41.860 Then DNA was the genetic code. 01:28:41.860 --> 01:28:44.860 Then the triplet code was cracked and the tRNA structure was found. 01:28:44.860 --> 01:28:46.860 Then restriction enzymes were found. 01:28:46.860 --> 01:28:48.860 Then we'd made recombinant DNA. 01:28:48.860 --> 01:28:51.860 And then we started sequencing stuff first with a 24 base pair sequence. 01:28:51.860 --> 01:28:52.860 Then a viral genome. 01:28:52.860 --> 01:28:54.860 Then a DNA viral genome. 01:28:54.860 --> 01:28:57.860 Then this first bacteria was sequenced by yours truly. 01:28:57.860 --> 01:29:05.860 Then a whole genome using shotgun techniques to the point where we can now in this time in this lecture read a genome in two hours. 01:29:05.860 --> 01:29:07.860 It's much lower than that now. 01:29:07.860 --> 01:29:15.860 Presumably I guess Kevin McCurnan would tell us exactly how many minutes would take with the cutting edge technology. 01:29:15.860 --> 01:29:23.860 Now we're talking about molecules whose emergent properties we don't understand, 01:29:23.860 --> 01:29:29.860 whose relationship to other molecules produces other emergent properties that we don't understand, 01:29:29.860 --> 01:29:36.860 who then fold and are post-translationally modified in ways that we don't understand. 01:29:36.860 --> 01:29:45.860 And we purport to understand how this multi-layered complex pattern integrity produces life. 01:29:46.860 --> 01:29:52.860 Because we can translate some of the bases into some of the components of the next layer. 01:29:56.860 --> 01:30:00.860 Now I'm going to show you a video that may not have anything to do with this, 01:30:00.860 --> 01:30:03.860 but I think if you listen to how I describe the video, 01:30:03.860 --> 01:30:12.860 you will understand exactly why these people have no idea what they're talking about and how much we stand to gain by pointing that out. 01:30:12.860 --> 01:30:21.860 How the foundation of biology is just based on a few gross misconceptions about fidelity and depth of understanding. 01:30:21.860 --> 01:30:25.860 So let me see if I can find this video without too much looking. 01:30:25.860 --> 01:30:28.860 I'll just use my history. I think that'll work the best. 01:30:43.860 --> 01:30:52.860 I'm revealing everything I looked at in the last couple of hours here that's going to dump. 01:30:52.860 --> 01:30:58.860 Let me see. Let's go back out of this. 01:30:58.860 --> 01:31:05.860 Yeah, I can't see it. I don't know why it's not on this should be on this list right here already. 01:31:05.860 --> 01:31:09.860 And it's not. So let me think. How else do I do it? 01:31:09.860 --> 01:31:18.860 Nope, then I got to go back and go to YouTube and search for. 01:31:18.860 --> 01:31:23.860 Oh, maybe I should use the YouTube history. That's what I thought I was using. Not that. There we go. 01:31:23.860 --> 01:31:25.860 Dumb, dumb. 01:31:26.860 --> 01:31:35.860 YouTube. Where is my history stuff? What's going on? Why am I zoning out like this? Let's just go. 01:31:35.860 --> 01:31:40.860 Ike TV. 01:31:40.860 --> 01:31:47.860 Please look it up. See if you can find Ike TV. 01:31:48.860 --> 01:31:52.860 So what is what are we looking at here? 01:31:52.860 --> 01:32:02.860 Well, we're looking at a stunt kite and the stunt kite is actually exactly what is sitting behind me on my desk over here. 01:32:02.860 --> 01:32:07.860 You will see behind the screen here a stunt kite. 01:32:08.860 --> 01:32:13.860 And that is a Diablo. It's a German made kite. It was one of the first of that design to be made. 01:32:13.860 --> 01:32:18.860 And that design was later sold to a French company by the name of our sky and they didn't use the same panel. 01:32:18.860 --> 01:32:25.860 Oh, look that that kite won several competitions in Germany and in the Netherlands before I got my hands on it. 01:32:25.860 --> 01:32:30.860 And there's lots of people who would love to have that kite also for the plans of the panels. 01:32:31.860 --> 01:32:48.860 This video that we're about to watch is actually kite in the Netherlands being flown on a Dutch beach very recently filmed by a friend of my name Carlo flown by a friend of my name Lars and Lars is one of the best kite pilots on the planet. 01:32:48.860 --> 01:32:59.860 And now what you have to understand this is going to be fun. I'm excited. It makes me happy to teach this. Hold on. I'll be right back. 01:33:00.860 --> 01:33:10.860 What you have to understand is that there are a few variables involved in how the kite behaves and kite flyers who are talented are taking advantage of those variables. 01:33:10.860 --> 01:33:19.860 Now if you look at a stunt kite and I've got one right here and I'm going to put it underneath the thing here. 01:33:19.860 --> 01:33:27.860 And so if you look at a stunt kite it's actually got a three point bridle that has points that grab the kite on three sides here. 01:33:28.860 --> 01:33:39.860 And then there's another one over here that actually grabs on the other side. And so then the kite flyer is actually holding two strings and the strings are pulling each on a triangle of string like this. 01:33:39.860 --> 01:33:47.860 And now the interesting thing is is that the wind is blowing in this direction right toward the kite and the kite is designed to make it fly up. 01:33:48.860 --> 01:33:57.860 And so in this case if I change this around like this the kite is going to fly up right. And so it flies in the direction of the nose because the wind is blowing this way. 01:33:57.860 --> 01:34:03.860 And then the kite is designed to have a nose and then the wind only moves in one direction. So it moves through the air. 01:34:03.860 --> 01:34:12.860 The cool thing is that these kites also have attractor states where they are very stable facing if the wind is coming from you. 01:34:13.860 --> 01:34:21.860 This is the way you would be flying the kite. But the kite is also stable in this position. The kite is also stable in this position. 01:34:21.860 --> 01:34:29.860 And the kite can also rotate in these positions. But if you get it the lines tangled around the end of the kite or whatever then it's not going to fly anymore. 01:34:30.860 --> 01:34:41.860 And so the trick of flying a kite is to jerk the kite in and out of the wind and get it to settle into different attractor states and then spin around in the wind. 01:34:41.860 --> 01:34:50.860 While the wind is still moving and give it slack in the right way so that when you pull it back into the flight position the lines are still free of the kite itself. 01:34:50.860 --> 01:35:01.860 Now what I want you to do is watch this video and think very carefully about how your brain interprets what's going on here because there are very few variables. 01:35:01.860 --> 01:35:07.860 There is the static shape of this kite, one shape in three dimensions. 01:35:07.860 --> 01:35:15.860 There is the static direction of the wind. It's one direction and he's on the beach which means it's laboratory grade wind. 01:35:15.860 --> 01:35:20.860 It's going to be the same speed from the ground all the way up to the top of the flight window. 01:35:20.860 --> 01:35:28.860 And so all of the flight is going to be very smooth and the variables will be limited because the wind is not from everywhere like it's in Pittsburgh. 01:35:29.860 --> 01:35:42.860 Dutch kite flying is the best kite flying in the universe and you can lose literally weekends with your feet in the sand and get like emergency room level sunburn because it's so zen. 01:35:42.860 --> 01:35:52.860 So watch this kite fly try to figure out how it is that somebody with only two lines and two handles can make the kite do what Lars makes it do. 01:35:53.860 --> 01:36:13.860 And then think about the idea that we're talking about one three dimensional shape with two lines and a protein is a three dimensional shape with electrostatic charge in a electrostatic polar solvent water. 01:36:13.860 --> 01:36:25.860 And it is attached to other three dimensional magnetic electrostatic three dimensional shapes that are in a polar solvent called water. 01:36:25.860 --> 01:36:38.860 And we are being told that we understand how proteins fold and we understand how DNA gets translated into proteins. 01:36:39.860 --> 01:36:45.860 And to describe the physics of what Lars is doing would be pretty pretty complicated. 01:36:45.860 --> 01:36:50.860 So how in the world can we already be so I got to slow it down sorry. 01:36:50.860 --> 01:36:55.860 That's why this music sounds a little bad. 01:36:55.860 --> 01:37:04.860 Let's start it over again so you can see exactly what I'm talking about. 01:37:04.860 --> 01:37:17.860 So think very carefully now how would you describe what's happening here how do we understand this. 01:37:17.860 --> 01:37:31.860 I want you to think about a protein as a kite connected to another kite connected to another kite and each one of the 20 amino acids has a different shape that interacts with the wind in a different way. 01:37:32.860 --> 01:37:46.860 And depending on how they are connected depending on the bridal connection between them depending on the sugars that are deposited on them depending on the speed that they come through the ribosome depending on the particular kind of ribosome. 01:37:47.860 --> 01:37:55.860 The chain of kites will come out in a very different way and fly in a very different way and have a very different effect on other proteins. 01:37:55.860 --> 01:38:03.860 And we claim to be able to reasonably understand that or we're very soon going to be able to understand it. 01:38:03.860 --> 01:38:10.860 Can you understand what Lars is doing right now? 01:38:10.860 --> 01:38:12.860 Does it make sense to you? 01:38:12.860 --> 01:38:19.860 Because I assure you whatever is going on in the simplest protein is much more complex than this. 01:38:19.860 --> 01:38:23.860 The physics and the chemistry are much more complex than the physics of this. 01:38:23.860 --> 01:38:26.860 Even a whole chain of these. 01:38:26.860 --> 01:38:28.860 And we can understand this. 01:38:28.860 --> 01:38:31.860 I have no doubt we can understand this. 01:38:32.860 --> 01:38:43.860 But trying to understand the irreducible complexity of protein folding, of protein modification and of the pattern integrity that is a cell. 01:38:43.860 --> 01:38:47.860 Never mind tissue. Never mind an organism. 01:38:47.860 --> 01:38:49.860 A developing baby. 01:38:49.860 --> 01:38:51.860 A developing teenager. 01:38:51.860 --> 01:38:53.860 My goodness ladies and gentlemen. 01:38:53.860 --> 01:38:57.860 Let's stay focused on the physics and chemistry we can understand. 01:38:57.860 --> 01:39:00.860 Let's stay focused on the phenomenon that we can harness. 01:39:00.860 --> 01:39:08.860 Instead of trying to convince all of our children that they're nothing more than chemistry and physics. 01:39:08.860 --> 01:39:11.860 Because that's ridiculous. 01:39:11.860 --> 01:39:13.860 I really believe that. 01:39:13.860 --> 01:39:15.860 I really think that's at the heart of this. 01:39:15.860 --> 01:39:19.860 We have to convince our young people that they're much more valuable than that. 01:39:19.860 --> 01:39:22.860 That they're much more precious than that. 01:39:23.860 --> 01:39:26.860 We need to go back to the stage where people aren't getting tattoos. 01:39:26.860 --> 01:39:33.860 Where people are very interested in whether or not should I pierce my ear or not. 01:39:33.860 --> 01:39:35.860 That's where we need to go back to. 01:39:35.860 --> 01:39:39.860 And I think that if you start to see. 01:39:39.860 --> 01:39:42.860 I'll give you another example. 01:39:42.860 --> 01:39:46.860 I don't know if I can get that out of my list. 01:39:46.860 --> 01:39:48.860 Let's see if that's a good one. 01:39:48.860 --> 01:39:50.860 Is that listed here? 01:39:50.860 --> 01:39:52.860 Yeah, let's do this one. 01:39:52.860 --> 01:39:54.860 Shall we do this one? 01:39:54.860 --> 01:40:00.860 To keep doing this to a raw egg until it spins and then catch it and stop it. 01:40:00.860 --> 01:40:06.860 This is one of my favorite math teachers that I like to share with people. 01:40:06.860 --> 01:40:12.860 Let's listen to this and then I'll end the show. 01:40:20.860 --> 01:40:41.860 Thank you. 01:40:41.860 --> 01:40:47.860 Once in a while you run into somebody who happens to be carrying around an inclined plane. 01:40:47.860 --> 01:40:53.860 And he produces from the recess of his toy box two jars. 01:40:53.860 --> 01:40:58.860 One of them is filled with top quality basmati rights from India. 01:40:58.860 --> 01:41:04.860 And the other one is filled with top quality air from Birmingham. 01:41:04.860 --> 01:41:10.860 And they can be made to roll down this slope. 01:41:10.860 --> 01:41:13.860 You can see that they roll down quite fast. 01:41:13.860 --> 01:41:17.860 Not exactly the same way because the moment of inertia is doing something, 01:41:17.860 --> 01:41:22.860 but they roll down quite fast. 01:41:22.860 --> 01:41:32.860 Now, what I propose to do is to investigate how the speed of descent, 01:41:32.860 --> 01:41:36.860 how fast it goes down, depends on the amount of grains inside. 01:41:36.860 --> 01:41:39.860 Here we have a big question mark. 01:41:39.860 --> 01:41:44.860 The only two data points available, we know that when the jar is practically empty, 01:41:44.860 --> 01:41:48.860 that's represented by zero, it's quite fast. 01:41:48.860 --> 01:41:52.860 And on the other hand, when the jar is practically full, that's represented by one, 01:41:52.860 --> 01:41:54.860 it's also going down quite fast. 01:41:54.860 --> 01:41:55.860 So how does that work? 01:41:55.860 --> 01:41:59.860 Well, let us experiment immediately. 01:41:59.860 --> 01:42:05.860 And in order to make the contrast striking, I shall leave one of the jars about two thirds full, 01:42:05.860 --> 01:42:09.860 one third empty depending on the degree of optimism, and the other one, 01:42:09.860 --> 01:42:12.860 one third full or two thirds empty. 01:42:12.860 --> 01:42:15.860 So I shall do that. 01:42:15.860 --> 01:42:22.860 Is that a good amount? Maybe a little more. 01:42:22.860 --> 01:42:24.860 Good. 01:42:24.860 --> 01:42:28.860 Let's begin with the two thirds full one. 01:42:28.860 --> 01:42:34.860 Now, as far as I can imagine, there are three possibilities on there. 01:42:34.860 --> 01:42:39.860 Perhaps it will go down at the same speed as before between those two points, 01:42:39.860 --> 01:42:46.860 because if you remember the story and believe the story of Galileo dropping those two heavy balls from the tower of Pisa, 01:42:46.860 --> 01:42:52.860 the speed of descent didn't depend on the weight, and perhaps it's the same with grains. 01:42:52.860 --> 01:42:58.860 In that case, it will be the same speed no matter what amount of sand, amount of grains, 01:42:58.860 --> 01:43:00.860 amount of rice inside. 01:43:00.860 --> 01:43:02.860 Perhaps it will go down at the same speed. 01:43:02.860 --> 01:43:04.860 On that hand, maybe it will go down faster. 01:43:04.860 --> 01:43:06.860 Or perhaps it will go down slower. 01:43:06.860 --> 01:43:07.860 So let's take a vote. 01:43:07.860 --> 01:43:12.860 Who thinks it will go down at the same speed as before? 01:43:12.860 --> 01:43:16.860 Who thinks it will go down faster than before? Faster, faster. 01:43:16.860 --> 01:43:21.860 Who thinks it will go down more slowly than before? 01:43:21.860 --> 01:43:24.860 Who's two-shite vote? 01:43:24.860 --> 01:43:27.860 Well, let's do this. 01:43:28.860 --> 01:43:31.860 So this is two-thirds. 01:43:31.860 --> 01:43:32.860 Are you ready? 01:43:32.860 --> 01:43:41.860 It starts going down, and it goes down very, very slowly, very slowly. 01:43:41.860 --> 01:43:47.860 Not only does it go down slowly, but there is a very interesting phenomenon going on. 01:43:47.860 --> 01:43:54.860 Along what we make called free surface, the surface that's exposed between the grains and the air, 01:43:54.860 --> 01:43:57.860 there is a sort of avalanche land slide going on. 01:43:57.860 --> 01:44:03.860 The sand and the rice grains are going down, just sliding down all the time. 01:44:03.860 --> 01:44:09.860 And the rest of the rice, on the other hand, the rest of the rice grains are sticking to the receptacle, 01:44:09.860 --> 01:44:10.860 to the jar. 01:44:10.860 --> 01:44:14.860 In some sense, therefore, if you have studied something like fluid dynamics, 01:44:14.860 --> 01:44:19.860 you can say that it's acting like viscous fluid, sticky fluid. 01:44:19.860 --> 01:44:22.860 By the way, you can do the same experiment with honey, 01:44:22.860 --> 01:44:25.860 and if you do it with honey, something interesting happens. 01:44:25.860 --> 01:44:27.860 We shall come back in a moment. 01:44:27.860 --> 01:44:31.860 Okay, so that was the first experiment. 01:44:31.860 --> 01:44:34.860 Now, let's go through the next one. 01:44:34.860 --> 01:44:39.860 Okay, so he's might not get to the honey, because I do have to go to basketball in a few minutes. 01:44:39.860 --> 01:44:43.860 The honey experiment, if you put the honey on there, the jar won't move at all, 01:44:43.860 --> 01:44:46.860 and if you come back in about a half an hour, the jar will have moved. 01:44:46.860 --> 01:44:49.860 When you come back in another half an hour, it will have moved again. 01:44:49.860 --> 01:44:53.860 And so honey is just a very extreme example of the fluid dynamics that are shown here. 01:44:53.860 --> 01:45:00.860 What I'm trying to get at is that proteins and their production, if it occurs in the way that we're told, 01:45:00.860 --> 01:45:06.860 which is an RNA goes through a ribosome and then a protein comes out some other hole. 01:45:06.860 --> 01:45:11.860 That is all occurring inside of water at the molecular scale, 01:45:11.860 --> 01:45:18.860 and water behaves more like polarized magnets the size of rice grains than it would any other, 01:45:18.860 --> 01:45:22.860 you can't come up with any other analogy for it. 01:45:22.860 --> 01:45:27.860 It's water, and it's water at the molecular scale, which is one of the reasons why a lot of the talk 01:45:27.860 --> 01:45:31.860 about what water does at the molecular scale is so important 01:45:31.860 --> 01:45:37.860 and why what water does at the molecular scale around proteins and DNA and in cells is important, 01:45:37.860 --> 01:45:46.860 because it is a repetitive shaped polar molecule that can assume a crystal lattice can dissolve many things in it. 01:45:46.860 --> 01:45:51.860 And so the structure that those molecules take can be ordered or unordered, 01:45:51.860 --> 01:45:54.860 and the ordered water has different properties. 01:45:54.860 --> 01:45:59.860 Ordered water could be ordered around proteins and around biomolecules, 01:45:59.860 --> 01:46:05.860 so trying to understand what these biomolecules do in the context of the polar solvent of water 01:46:05.860 --> 01:46:12.860 is a very complex system to model, that we are not even coming close to modeling. 01:46:12.860 --> 01:46:19.860 And I'm trying to give you, if I'm not failing, an example of a system where there are many little parts 01:46:19.860 --> 01:46:27.860 that collectively produce results that aren't intuitive to how we apply our understanding to the physical world, 01:46:27.860 --> 01:46:32.860 and nothing about how we understand the physical world of life applies at the molecular scale 01:46:32.860 --> 01:46:38.860 with regard to protein folding, protein interaction, protein regulation, degradation, et cetera. 01:46:38.860 --> 01:46:45.860 And so they are grossly over-exaggerating how much we understand about the link between DNA and protein 01:46:45.860 --> 01:46:50.860 and how proteins work to produce the pattern integrity that is us. 01:46:50.860 --> 01:46:54.860 Are there proteins? Yes, are there DNA probably? Is there mRNA probably? 01:46:54.860 --> 01:47:01.860 Are there ribosomes that do that? Of course. 01:47:01.860 --> 01:47:05.860 But that's, again, like saying that there are strings on the violin. 01:47:05.860 --> 01:47:10.860 This wood has been used to produce it. If there's a crack in the neck, a violin could break, 01:47:10.860 --> 01:47:17.860 but understanding how a stratovarius is produced and made, because you understand that that's the kind of wood 01:47:17.860 --> 01:47:23.860 or that that cracks a bad sign or that the strings make the noise, doesn't really tell you that you understand 01:47:23.860 --> 01:47:28.860 what a stratovarius violin is, and that's all the farther we've gotten with understanding life. 01:47:28.860 --> 01:47:33.860 We are at the stage where we can describe why a crack in the neck of the violin is a bad thing 01:47:33.860 --> 01:47:39.860 and we can understand that the sound comes from the strings vibrating and resonating with the body. 01:47:39.860 --> 01:47:42.860 That's it. That's all we got. 01:47:42.860 --> 01:47:47.860 We haven't even gotten to the stage yet where we can appreciate the idea that whatever varnish was used on the violin 01:47:47.860 --> 01:47:51.860 could have a significant effect on its total qualities. 01:47:51.860 --> 01:47:55.860 Never mind thinking about how the varnish would be made or who would have made it 01:47:55.860 --> 01:47:58.860 or why they chose the ingredients that they did. 01:47:58.860 --> 01:48:03.860 And yet they're already telling you that they know how to make the stratovarius violin 01:48:03.860 --> 01:48:06.860 and they're going to make each one of us into one. 01:48:06.860 --> 01:48:09.860 Okay, listen to this guy, because I really think he's fun. 01:48:09.860 --> 01:48:12.860 Now they have four possibilities on there. 01:48:12.860 --> 01:48:17.860 Perhaps it will go down faster than when it was full or empty. 01:48:17.860 --> 01:48:22.860 Oh, perhaps it will go down faster than this, but slower than when it was full or empty. 01:48:22.860 --> 01:48:24.860 So halfway between. 01:48:24.860 --> 01:48:28.860 Or perhaps it will be very sluggish and even more slowly than this. 01:48:28.860 --> 01:48:33.860 Or those of you who have symmetric minds, like mathematicians, might say 01:48:33.860 --> 01:48:37.860 there must be some symmetry between F and one minus F, if you see what I mean. 01:48:37.860 --> 01:48:42.860 So perhaps it will go down at the same speed as this one, so a little bit slower down. 01:48:42.860 --> 01:48:49.860 So who thinks it will be the champion and go down very fast, faster than zero one? 01:48:49.860 --> 01:48:51.860 Those are the risk takers. 01:48:51.860 --> 01:48:58.860 Who thinks it will go down faster than this one, but slower than zero one? 01:48:58.860 --> 01:49:01.860 By the way, reasonable people vote for this option, yeah? 01:49:01.860 --> 01:49:08.860 Okay, and who thinks it will go down even more slowly than what we have seen right now? 01:49:08.860 --> 01:49:13.860 And who thinks it will go down more or less at the same speed as the previous experiment? 01:49:13.860 --> 01:49:17.860 So symmetry school, those are the mathematical reminded people, congratulations. 01:49:17.860 --> 01:49:19.860 Okay, so let's try to do this. 01:49:19.860 --> 01:49:23.860 Nothing up this sleeve, nothing up this sleeve. 01:49:23.860 --> 01:49:25.860 Are you ready? 01:49:35.860 --> 01:49:39.860 Not only does it stop completely dead, but it's quite stable. 01:49:39.860 --> 01:49:43.860 I mean, I can push it and then no, no, no, I don't want to go. 01:49:44.860 --> 01:49:52.860 It stops completely dead, which I want you to imagine the idea how this shape. 01:49:52.860 --> 01:50:01.860 Imagine the idea that in protein dynamics, in genetic dynamics, in the dynamics between DNA and cell division, 01:50:01.860 --> 01:50:10.860 in the dynamics between DNA and RNA translation, in the dynamics between RNA translation and piece and protein folding, 01:50:10.860 --> 01:50:17.860 there are non-intuitive processes like this one that have relatively simple mathematical explanations, 01:50:17.860 --> 01:50:24.860 but are nevertheless extremely in a non-intuitive and layered on top of one another, 01:50:24.860 --> 01:50:32.860 so that even if you understood one of those layers, there would be several other unknown layers on top of which all summarize 01:50:32.860 --> 01:50:43.860 and summate to become the pattern integrity of a protein, of a cell, of a tissue, of an organism. 01:50:43.860 --> 01:50:47.860 Now, I'm not saying that we can't make a lot of progress in understanding these systems. 01:50:47.860 --> 01:50:50.860 I'm not saying that these are uncrackable questions. 01:50:50.860 --> 01:50:52.860 I'm saying that right now we haven't cracked them. 01:50:52.860 --> 01:50:56.860 I'm saying that we've been talking about how we're going to, for a very long time, 01:50:56.860 --> 01:51:03.860 and they've known for a long time that we aren't going to not without a drastic reorganization of how we think about ourselves, 01:51:03.860 --> 01:51:10.860 how we think about our kids, and how we think about the sovereignty over those very sacred bodies, 01:51:10.860 --> 01:51:15.860 those very sacred beings. 01:51:15.860 --> 01:51:23.860 They have to get rid of the sacred in order for them to have any hope of cracking the irreducible complexity of life. 01:51:23.860 --> 01:51:26.860 That's what this is all about. I don't know if this was a very wandering stream or not. 01:51:26.860 --> 01:51:29.860 We'll go back to that vendor. Maybe I'll watch the video beforehand. 01:51:29.860 --> 01:51:34.860 I'm sorry that this was such a weird break in the matrix there. 01:51:34.860 --> 01:51:39.860 It wasn't really my plan, but I suddenly wanted to do the kite video for some reason. 01:51:39.860 --> 01:51:42.860 I hope this, and then this one seemed like it would follow perfectly. 01:51:42.860 --> 01:51:47.860 I don't know. Sometimes this one man show doesn't go quite as I plan, 01:51:47.860 --> 01:51:51.860 but I've been putting a lot of work into the coming pre-on discussion, 01:51:51.860 --> 01:51:56.860 and so sometimes these streams will feel a little bit like they're on the seat of the pants, 01:51:56.860 --> 01:51:59.860 but when I get an intuition like that, I feel like I got to do it. 01:51:59.860 --> 01:52:03.860 So hopefully it wasn't too bad. Thank you very much for joining me. 01:52:03.860 --> 01:52:06.860 I'm off to basketball. I might see it tonight, but I'll definitely see you tomorrow. 01:52:06.860 --> 01:52:11.860 And then Thursday, don't forget Thomas Binder is joining Big Show, Big Show. 01:52:11.860 --> 01:52:19.860 And it's 3.30. If you have the link, don't forget that I think Thomas Binder is actually speaking at the medical doctors for COVID ethics right now, 01:52:19.860 --> 01:52:24.860 so you could catch that. Anyway, thanks for joining me. I'll see you guys again tomorrow. 01:52:34.860 --> 01:52:37.860 This is the micro kite. There's actually a whole video about the micro kite. 01:52:37.860 --> 01:52:39.860 You can find a video of me flying it. 01:52:39.860 --> 01:52:46.860 And if you want to look, icky TV does have a video of me flying in Norway quite a long time ago. 01:52:46.860 --> 01:52:51.860 I'm not a very good pilot anymore, but at one time, I was really skilled. 01:52:51.860 --> 01:52:56.860 I wonder what I could do now. Probably most of the tricks, but some of the more complicated ones 01:52:56.860 --> 01:53:01.860 that require really perfect timing would require me a while to get back into it. 01:53:01.860 --> 01:53:09.860 But actually kite flying, like Lars did, a lot of that flying is actually pretty straightforward once you get the hang of it. 01:53:09.860 --> 01:53:15.860 I mean, it doesn't take absolutely months and months of practice to learn some of those basic tricks. 01:53:15.860 --> 01:53:20.860 And keeping a kite in the air with good wind is very easy and unbelievably relaxing. 01:53:20.860 --> 01:53:24.860 You can fly circles and squares for hours and never get bored. 01:53:24.860 --> 01:53:29.860 Never mind if you can land or stand on one tip and that kind of stuff. 01:53:29.860 --> 01:53:35.860 So one of the best ways to spend your time if you've never done it before and have a friend kite flying might be the best. 01:53:35.860 --> 01:53:42.860 Maybe we can meet at Lake Erie and fly some kite on April 8th for the eclipse. 01:53:42.860 --> 01:53:45.860 I don't know, maybe you could join us. That's where we're going to be. See you soon.