From 487c2958f817872fca4d936e97ab390baa309a71 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Soothspider <soothspider@proton.me>
Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2024 04:48:16 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Captions updated from full sound peertube version.

---
 ...ned by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024).vtt | 4642 +++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 2453 insertions(+), 2189 deletions(-)

diff --git a/twitch/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024)/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024).vtt b/twitch/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024)/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024).vtt
index bfa2347..42fbbca 100755
--- a/twitch/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024)/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024).vtt	
+++ b/twitch/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024)/2102129937 (2024-03-26) - We are Governed by Stories VENTER -- (26 Mar 2024).vtt	
@@ -1,4253 +1,4517 @@
 WEBVTT
 
-00:00.000 --> 00:14.320
+00:00.000 --> 00:16.320
 So sorry, I am very late.
 
-00:14.320 --> 00:20.960
+00:16.320 --> 00:22.960
 And left hand monkey wrench is first.
 
-00:20.960 --> 00:27.760
+00:22.960 --> 00:29.760
 I'm going to assume that my sound is okay, but just in case I think it should be fine.
 
-00:27.760 --> 00:31.760
+00:29.760 --> 00:33.880
 I think I figured out what that glitch was a while ago already and have fixed it.
 
-00:31.760 --> 00:35.360
-But if you can give me confirmation, synced is good.
+00:33.880 --> 00:39.200
+But if you can give me confirmation, synced is good, excellent, excellent, excellent.
 
-00:35.360 --> 00:37.200
-Excellent, excellent, excellent.
-
-00:57.760 --> 01:20.720
+00:59.760 --> 01:22.720
 I'm afraid that the latest data tells us that we're dealing with essentially a worst-case
 
-01:20.720 --> 01:33.360
-scenario, the scary part of the ship thing seems to be the rumors about it maybe being
+01:22.720 --> 01:30.880
+scenario.
+
+01:30.880 --> 01:36.480
+The scary part of the ship thing seems to be the rumors about it maybe being done via
 
-01:33.360 --> 01:39.840
-done via the internet, by a cyber connectivity or some kind of cyber attack.
+01:36.480 --> 01:41.840
+the internet, by a cyber connectivity or some kind of cyber attack.
 
-01:39.840 --> 01:45.880
+01:41.840 --> 01:47.840
 I think that's probably a rumor at this stage yet, but just realize that given the shipping
 
-01:45.880 --> 01:53.400
+01:47.840 --> 01:55.320
 industry that we have, there's lots of different ways to attack the infrastructure of a nation.
 
-01:53.400 --> 01:55.000
+01:55.320 --> 01:56.920
 Is this a shot across our bow?
 
-01:55.000 --> 01:56.600
+01:56.920 --> 01:58.560
 Is it a threat or is it just an accident?
 
-01:56.600 --> 02:00.240
-I don't know, I'm a biologist.
+01:58.560 --> 01:59.560
+I don't know.
 
-02:00.240 --> 02:02.400
+01:59.560 --> 02:02.160
+I'm a biologist.
+
+02:02.160 --> 02:04.360
 I think truth is good for kids.
 
-02:02.400 --> 02:06.680
-We're so busy lying, we don't even recognize the truth no more in society.
+02:04.360 --> 02:05.360
+We're so busy lying.
+
+02:05.360 --> 02:08.600
+We don't even recognize the truth no more in this society.
 
-02:06.680 --> 02:08.880
+02:08.600 --> 02:10.840
 We want everybody to feel good.
 
-02:08.880 --> 02:13.200
+02:10.840 --> 02:15.120
 That's not the way life is.
 
-02:13.200 --> 02:18.840
-You can tell if someone's lying, you can sort of feel it in people.
+02:15.120 --> 02:20.840
+But you can tell if someone's lying, you can sort of feel it in people.
 
-02:18.840 --> 02:19.840
+02:20.840 --> 02:21.840
 And I have lied.
 
-02:19.840 --> 02:20.840
+02:21.840 --> 02:22.840
 I'm sure I'll lie again.
 
-02:20.840 --> 02:21.840
+02:22.840 --> 02:23.840
 I don't want to lie.
 
-02:21.840 --> 02:25.880
-I don't think I'm a liar, I try not to be a liar, I don't want to be a liar.
+02:23.840 --> 02:25.440
+I don't think I'm a liar.
+
+02:25.440 --> 02:26.440
+I try not to be a liar.
 
-02:25.880 --> 02:26.880
-I think it's like-
+02:26.440 --> 02:27.880
+I don't want to be a liar.
 
-02:26.880 --> 02:29.880
+02:27.880 --> 02:28.880
+I think it's like...
+
+02:28.880 --> 02:31.880
 Can someone check and see if you can find me on YouTube anywhere?
 
-02:29.880 --> 02:33.280
+02:31.880 --> 02:35.240
 It would be really handy if somebody could see whether the live stream on YouTube is
 
-02:33.280 --> 02:34.280
+02:35.240 --> 02:36.240
 going.
 
-02:34.280 --> 02:43.160
+02:36.240 --> 02:43.240
 I hate to pull away and to take any bandwidth and try to see if I can see it myself.
 
-02:43.160 --> 02:45.960
+02:44.240 --> 02:47.960
 If it's hard to find that it's also not really working, right?
 
-02:45.960 --> 02:52.840
+02:47.960 --> 02:54.880
 If you can find my JC on a bike channel that can't find the live, then that's also a problem.
 
-02:52.840 --> 02:59.600
+02:54.880 --> 03:03.600
 In case you haven't forgotten, I've got a friend named Nate and he took both shots.
 
-08:43.160 --> 09:04.840
-Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Giga Home Biological, a high-resistance low noise
+03:03.600 --> 03:12.640
+I got to see him in October and then one month later he had a sudden aneurysm and passed
+
+03:12.640 --> 03:15.640
+away.
+
+03:15.640 --> 03:23.560
+In my crazy imagination, I have the feeling that this has to do with transfection.
+
+03:23.560 --> 03:30.720
+I want to dedicate every Tuesday stream to the memory of my friend because he was a
+
+03:30.720 --> 03:42.600
+great guy and because lots of great dads and moms, daughters and sons are being lost.
+
+03:42.600 --> 03:51.760
+It's a lie about biology and that's why I'm so dedicated to it.
+
+03:51.760 --> 03:56.960
+This song is a song that meant a lot to me and Nathan because we used to really be a
+
+03:56.960 --> 04:02.960
+fan of this band back when it was cool to be a fan of this band.
+
+04:02.960 --> 04:03.560
+Happy Tuesday.
+
+04:12.600 --> 04:25.240
+Okay, well we'll worry about YouTube, we'll worry about YouTube on the next stream because
+
+04:25.240 --> 04:29.960
+we really don't care about that anyway.
 
-09:04.840 --> 09:09.280
-information brief brought to you by a biologist again to remind you this stream and every stream
+04:29.960 --> 04:42.160
+We've got peer tube working perfectly.
 
-09:09.280 --> 09:16.240
-on every Tuesday from now on is dedicated to a friend Nate who we lost in an untimely
+04:42.160 --> 04:44.680
+Peer tube will never block this song.
 
-09:16.240 --> 09:21.520
+04:44.680 --> 04:49.440
+So Twitch can block it all they want because we've got it on peer tube.
+
+04:49.440 --> 05:02.720
+Thanks for checking on YouTube guys, I'll figure that out.
+
+05:02.720 --> 05:09.720
+This is the Freddy Jones band, Freddy Jones band.
+
+05:32.720 --> 06:01.720
+Oh, I'm hanging around, just me in the sky, I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream.
+
+06:01.720 --> 06:23.720
+I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream.
+
+06:23.720 --> 06:52.720
+I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream.
+
+06:52.720 --> 07:18.720
+I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream.
+
+07:18.720 --> 07:47.720
+I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream.
+
+07:47.720 --> 08:12.720
+I'm already in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream, in a daydream.
+
+08:12.720 --> 08:41.720
+I'm already in a daydream.
+
+08:41.720 --> 09:06.880
+Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Giga Home Biological, a high-resistance low-noise
+
+09:06.880 --> 09:11.000
+information brief brought to you by a biologist, again, to remind you this stream and every
+
+09:11.000 --> 09:18.240
+stream on every Tuesday from now on is dedicated to a friend Nate who we lost in an untimely
+
+09:18.240 --> 09:23.520
 way because of the transfections and I think we need to start to be very frank about how
 
-09:21.520 --> 09:25.800
+09:23.520 --> 09:27.800
 many people we've lost for something other than a virus.
 
-09:25.800 --> 09:31.040
+09:27.800 --> 09:33.040
 That's what I think is most important right now as we move forward to start to get people
 
-09:31.040 --> 09:37.520
+09:33.040 --> 09:39.520
 to focus on the people who were actually lost and not the people who were censored or lost
 
-09:37.520 --> 09:39.480
+09:39.520 --> 09:41.520
 their YouTube channels.
 
-09:39.480 --> 09:41.120
+09:41.520 --> 09:43.120
 Again, welcome to the show.
 
-09:41.120 --> 09:44.480
+09:43.120 --> 09:46.480
 I'm a human just like you coming to you live from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the back
 
-09:44.480 --> 09:47.400
+09:46.480 --> 09:49.360
 of my kind of weird smelly garage.
 
-09:47.400 --> 09:53.640
+09:49.360 --> 09:55.640
 I think my wife left the chicken feeder that's outside in the office and it was a little wet
 
-09:53.640 --> 09:54.640
+09:55.640 --> 09:56.640
 last night's.
 
-09:54.640 --> 09:56.040
-I don't know, it smells weird in here.
+09:56.640 --> 09:57.640
+I don't know.
+
+09:57.640 --> 09:58.640
+It smells weird in here.
 
-09:56.040 --> 09:58.360
-Anyway, you can't smell that, so that's really good.
+09:58.640 --> 09:59.640
+Anyway, you can't smell that.
 
-09:58.360 --> 10:00.400
+09:59.640 --> 10:00.640
+So that's really good.
+
+10:00.640 --> 10:02.400
 We're not at smell-a-vision yet.
 
-10:00.400 --> 10:07.400
-Again, this is Giga Home Biological, it's the 26th of March, 2024, it is the fifth year
+10:02.400 --> 10:06.960
+Again, this is Giga Home Biological, it's the 26th of March, 2024.
+
+10:06.960 --> 10:12.320
+That is the fifth year since we've had, this is, we're going on our fifth year since
 
-10:07.400 --> 10:12.240
-since we've had, this is, we're going on our fifth year since we had 15 days to flatten
+10:12.320 --> 10:19.320
+we had 15 days to flatten the curve, 60 days to smash the curve if you were a Paul Catrell
 
-10:12.240 --> 10:19.040
-the curve, 60 days to smash the curve if you were a Paul Catrell fan.
+10:19.320 --> 10:21.000
+fan.
 
-10:19.040 --> 10:25.440
+10:21.000 --> 10:27.400
 This is a time and a place for you if you've never found me before, if you're here for the
 
-10:25.440 --> 10:29.680
-umpteenth time, then you already know that what we are fighting against is something
+10:27.400 --> 10:32.440
+umpteenth time, then you already know that what we are fighting against is something that
 
-10:29.680 --> 10:35.160
-that has gone on for a very long time and it's only a question of whether or not it's
+10:32.440 --> 10:34.640
+has gone on for a very long time.
 
-10:35.160 --> 10:39.640
-been turned up to 11 for the last three years or whether it's turned up to 11 for
+10:34.640 --> 10:39.880
+It's only a question of whether or not it's been turned up to 11 for the last three years
 
-10:39.640 --> 10:41.720
-the last 10 years.
+10:39.880 --> 10:43.680
+or whether it's turned up to 11 for the last 10 years.
 
-10:41.720 --> 10:48.360
-The real deal is that the internet and social media and our cell phones and all of our devices
+10:43.680 --> 10:49.560
+The real deal is, is that the internet and social media and our cell phones and all of
 
-10:48.360 --> 10:57.880
-and all of these different applications have allowed them to and mesh us in a web of what
+10:49.560 --> 10:58.800
+our devices and all of these different applications have allowed them to enmesh us in a a web
 
-10:57.880 --> 11:04.240
-they call knowledge, what is it actually noise, that is carefully curated so that if you try
+10:58.800 --> 11:05.120
+of what they call knowledge, what is it, actually noise, that is carefully curated,
 
-11:04.240 --> 11:09.280
-to escape or you try to understand the shape of it, you will inevitably run into these
+11:05.120 --> 11:10.480
+so that if you try to escape or you try to understand the shape of it, you will inevitably
 
-11:09.280 --> 11:16.120
-fake barriers which are essentially defined by people on the internet who agree to disagree
+11:10.480 --> 11:17.240
+run into these fake barriers which are essentially defined by people on the internet who agree
 
-11:16.120 --> 11:20.120
-about things and agree not to talk about other things.
+11:17.240 --> 11:22.120
+to disagree about things and agree not to talk about other things.
 
-11:20.120 --> 11:28.720
-And as sort of ridiculously simple as it sounds, it is exactly the same as your most famous
+11:22.120 --> 11:29.560
+And as sort of ridiculously simple as it sounds, it is exactly the same as your most
 
-11:28.720 --> 11:34.200
-favorite magician if you actually found out how any or all of those tricks were done
+11:29.560 --> 11:35.320
+famous favorite magician, if you actually found out how any or all of those tricks were
 
-11:34.200 --> 11:39.280
-would be horribly disappointed because you would find out it's just a couple of people
+11:35.320 --> 11:41.280
+done, it would be horribly disappointed because you would find out it's just a couple of people
 
-11:39.280 --> 11:40.760
-lying to you.
+11:41.280 --> 11:42.760
+lined.
 
-11:40.760 --> 11:47.100
+11:42.760 --> 11:49.080
 And no matter how clever it is, the way that they lie to you, it is nevertheless a lie.
 
-11:47.100 --> 11:52.200
-And if we start to think about this as a show that we ever attended, we were given tickets
+11:49.080 --> 11:53.720
+And if we start to think about this as a show that we ever attended, we were given
 
-11:52.200 --> 11:56.760
-to the pandemic, we sat down in our seats and we had no idea that half of the people
+11:53.720 --> 11:58.400
+tickets to the pandemic, we sat down in our seats and we had no idea that half of the
 
-11:56.760 --> 12:00.160
-that were in the audience were in on the gag.
+11:58.400 --> 12:02.160
+people that were in the audience were in on the gag.
 
-12:00.160 --> 12:04.760
-And so when the people on stage told us that you better wear your masks and half of the
+12:02.160 --> 12:06.760
+And so when the people on stage told us that you better wear your masks, and half of the
 
-12:04.760 --> 12:11.320
-people in the audience did it with vigor, it was a lot more difficult for us to resist.
+12:06.760 --> 12:13.280
+people in the audience did it with vigor was a lot more difficult for us to resist.
 
-12:11.320 --> 12:17.440
+12:13.280 --> 12:19.400
 And being in an experiment or in a performance where people are working against you because
 
-12:17.440 --> 12:21.960
-it's part of the experiment is a very devious position to be in indeed.
+12:19.400 --> 12:26.040
+it's part of the experiment is a very devious position to be in indeed, in fact, on bench
 
-12:21.960 --> 12:26.600
-In fact, on bench academic science, that means that somebody's walking in an honor
+12:26.040 --> 12:29.640
+academic science, that means that somebody's walking in and on or our front door, which
 
-12:26.600 --> 12:32.760
-out front door, which I guess at one, I think that's okay.
+12:29.640 --> 12:34.760
+I guess at one, I think that's okay.
 
-12:32.760 --> 12:39.920
+12:34.760 --> 12:41.920
 The idea is that if you think of a national security operation that was run on us and
 
-12:39.920 --> 12:52.320
-the world and that that national security operation can be best described as analogous
+12:41.920 --> 12:54.280
+the world, and that that national security operation can be best described as analogous
 
-12:52.320 --> 12:58.920
+12:54.280 --> 13:00.880
 to a magician's performance in Las Vegas, where the stage was social media, the stage
 
-12:58.920 --> 13:04.760
+13:00.880 --> 13:06.720
 was television, the stage was the pulpit in the White House, the stage was the FDA and
 
-13:04.760 --> 13:12.920
+13:06.720 --> 13:14.880
 the CDC pulpits, the stage was the internet and the intellectual dark web.
 
-13:12.920 --> 13:18.560
+13:14.880 --> 13:20.520
 And all of these pretend voices that have purported to be fighting for our freedom,
 
-13:18.560 --> 13:25.040
+13:20.520 --> 13:27.000
 but in reality, we're coordinatedly working this theater.
 
-13:25.040 --> 13:32.440
+13:27.000 --> 13:34.400
 And if you see it as a stage thing with audience members engaged in fooling the other audience
 
-13:32.440 --> 13:40.080
-members to enhance the likelihood that they would suspend their disbelief, then you see
+13:34.440 --> 13:41.680
+members to enhance the likelihood that they would suspend their disbelief.
 
-13:40.080 --> 13:45.080
-why if if you sat down a bunch of bureaucrats, if you sat down a bunch of military leaders,
+13:41.680 --> 13:46.040
+Then you see why if if you sat down a bunch of bureaucrats, if you sat down a bunch of
 
-13:45.080 --> 13:49.840
-if you sat down a bunch of politicians and people with clearances and told them that
+13:46.040 --> 13:51.080
+military leaders, if you sat down a bunch of politicians and people with clearances
 
-13:49.840 --> 13:53.480
-this is the way.
+13:51.080 --> 13:55.440
+and told them that this is the way.
 
-13:53.480 --> 13:58.040
+13:55.440 --> 14:00.000
 And then you pulled the you rang the bell and everybody went to work.
 
-13:58.040 --> 14:01.240
+14:00.000 --> 14:03.200
 This is where we are.
 
-14:01.240 --> 14:06.480
+14:03.200 --> 14:08.440
 And since everybody understands it for what it is, then none of them see the cognitive
 
-14:06.480 --> 14:13.400
-dissonance in telling us that it is the way it is when it isn't because that was the
+14:08.440 --> 14:14.800
+dissonance in telling us that it is the way it is when it isn't.
 
-14:13.400 --> 14:17.600
-design of the plan in the first place, the people that were planted in the audience already
+14:14.800 --> 14:18.480
+Because that was the design of the plan in the first place, the people that were planted
 
-14:17.600 --> 14:20.880
-knew they were planted in the audience.
+14:18.480 --> 14:22.840
+in the audience already knew they were planted in the audience.
 
-14:20.880 --> 14:26.240
+14:22.840 --> 14:28.200
 They already understood their role in the show.
 
-14:26.240 --> 14:30.560
+14:28.200 --> 14:32.480
 And now there may be other people in the audience who have decided to participate in a way that
 
-14:30.560 --> 14:35.200
+14:32.520 --> 14:37.160
 that's not scripted and that those people that were planted in the audience have been
 
-14:35.200 --> 14:38.560
+14:37.160 --> 14:40.520
 very skilled at allowing them to participate.
 
-14:38.560 --> 14:41.400
+14:40.520 --> 14:43.360
 But that's probably part of the show too.
 
-14:41.400 --> 14:47.800
+14:43.360 --> 14:49.760
 And no doubt that they've gained that out before this was finally executed.
 
-14:47.800 --> 14:52.320
+14:49.760 --> 14:54.280
 This is a quote from the 19, sorry, I don't know how to do the weatherman thing.
 
-14:52.320 --> 14:59.800
+14:54.280 --> 15:01.720
 This is a quote from the 1920s, I think it's 1924.
 
-14:59.800 --> 15:04.200
+15:01.720 --> 15:06.120
 This is back when they could do it with radio and television.
 
-15:04.200 --> 15:09.920
+15:06.120 --> 15:11.840
 Please tell me you have no problem imagining that when we give them our brains on Twitter,
 
-15:09.920 --> 15:12.960
+15:11.840 --> 15:14.880
 we give them our brains and attention on Facebook.
 
-15:12.960 --> 15:17.800
+15:14.880 --> 15:19.720
 We give them our brains and attention on these devices and these applications that they can
 
-15:17.800 --> 15:25.280
+15:19.720 --> 15:27.240
 surely consciously and intelligently manipulate our habits and opinions.
 
-15:25.280 --> 15:27.360
-Of course, you believe them.
+15:27.240 --> 15:29.320
+Of course you believe that.
 
-15:27.360 --> 15:31.720
-But for some reason, we're supposed to be afraid of the AI that's to come, the AI in
+15:29.320 --> 15:33.680
+But for some reason we're supposed to be afraid of the AI that's to come, the AI in
 
-15:31.720 --> 15:36.320
+15:33.680 --> 15:38.280
 the future instead of the machines that are being used by other men to control us right
 
-15:36.320 --> 15:41.920
+15:38.280 --> 15:43.880
 now to steal from dude.
 
-15:41.920 --> 15:45.880
+15:43.880 --> 15:47.840
 And that's the magic of where we are that if you just boil it down to that, you can see
 
-15:45.880 --> 15:52.920
-the people who are are medlers because they are purporting even the ones that do say that
+15:47.840 --> 15:54.840
+the people who are our medlers because they are purporting even the ones that do say that
 
-15:52.920 --> 15:58.680
-they're thinking across modalities and talking about the whole big picture like Robert
+15:54.840 --> 16:00.320
+they're they're thinking across modalities and talking about the whole big picture like
 
-15:58.680 --> 16:02.880
-Malone often does, he doesn't get to the heart of this at all.
+16:00.320 --> 16:02.240
+Robert Malone often does.
 
-16:02.880 --> 16:05.880
+16:02.240 --> 16:04.880
+He doesn't get to the heart of this at all.
+
+16:04.880 --> 16:07.880
 In fact, he pushes the AI scary thing.
 
-16:05.880 --> 16:08.680
+16:07.880 --> 16:10.680
 He pushes the gain of function virus thing.
 
-16:08.680 --> 16:13.800
+16:10.680 --> 16:15.800
 He pushes the collapse of the dollar, but something, something, something, but never actually
 
-16:13.800 --> 16:18.040
+16:15.800 --> 16:20.040
 gets to the heart of it, which is fractional reserve banking.
 
-16:18.040 --> 16:23.200
+16:20.040 --> 16:25.200
 The idea that if you can create money and you decide who uses that power and how it
 
-16:23.200 --> 16:27.760
+16:25.200 --> 16:29.720
 gets used and who has to follow the rules very strictly, then you can set up a system
 
-16:27.760 --> 16:35.080
+16:29.720 --> 16:37.080
 where corporations can go bankrupt, but college students can't.
 
-16:35.080 --> 16:38.280
+16:37.080 --> 16:40.280
 And that's the system that we live in right now, not saying it's good or bad.
 
-16:38.280 --> 16:43.880
-This is just the way it is, a corporation declares bankruptcy of billions of dollars
+16:40.280 --> 16:41.520
+This is just the way it is.
 
-16:43.880 --> 16:47.280
-is what happens.
+16:41.520 --> 16:49.240
+A corporation declares bankruptcy of of billions of dollars is what happens.
 
-16:47.280 --> 16:52.920
+16:49.240 --> 16:54.880
 But there is no way that a college student who went to a very bad university and got
 
-16:52.920 --> 16:57.400
+16:54.880 --> 16:59.360
 a very dumb degree because that university was very happy to give it to them and had
 
-16:57.400 --> 17:01.720
+16:59.360 --> 17:03.680
 a financial aid office that was very happy to get them to sign the right papers so that
 
-17:01.720 --> 17:08.640
+17:03.680 --> 17:10.600
 all $15,000 of every year's tuition would be covered.
 
-17:08.640 --> 17:15.080
-You can blame it all on the student if you want to rather than the lawmakers that made
+17:10.600 --> 17:16.760
+You can blame it all on the student if you want to rather than the the lawmakers that
+
+17:16.760 --> 17:21.080
+made the bills or the people at those lending agencies or the universities that said, Oh,
 
-17:15.080 --> 17:19.040
-the bills or the people at those lending agencies or the universities that said, oh,
+17:21.080 --> 17:22.080
+my gosh, great.
 
-17:19.040 --> 17:23.440
-my gosh, great, thanks, we'll raise our tuition, we'll pay everybody more, we'll hire more
+17:22.080 --> 17:23.080
+Thanks.
 
-17:23.440 --> 17:27.560
-things, we'll build more buildings.
+17:23.080 --> 17:24.080
+We'll raise our tuition.
 
-17:27.560 --> 17:30.920
+17:24.080 --> 17:25.080
+We'll pay everybody more.
+
+17:25.080 --> 17:26.080
+We'll hire more things.
+
+17:26.080 --> 17:29.520
+We'll build more buildings.
+
+17:29.520 --> 17:32.880
 But the student loan thing is an issue that comes right back to the universities.
 
-17:30.920 --> 17:36.800
-The same universities that we're totally happy to accept are corrupt, are teaching our kids
+17:32.880 --> 17:38.320
+The same universities that we're we're totally happy to accept are corrupt, are teaching
+
+17:38.320 --> 17:43.200
+our kids terribly are responsible for all kinds of bad things and bad ideas, wasting
+
+17:43.200 --> 17:44.200
+money.
 
-17:36.800 --> 17:43.440
-terribly, are responsible for all kinds of bad things and bad ideas, wasting money, but
+17:44.280 --> 17:48.960
+But when it comes to student loans, it's all the students.
 
-17:43.440 --> 17:47.040
-when it comes to student loans, it's all the student's fault.
+17:48.960 --> 17:54.280
+And so think about the kind of conscious and intelligent manipulation of our habits has
 
-17:47.040 --> 17:53.480
-So think about the kind of conscious and intelligent manipulation of our habits has occurred in
+17:54.280 --> 17:59.880
+as occurred in order for people to be very convinced that helping people with student
 
-17:53.480 --> 17:59.240
-order for people to be very convinced that helping people with student loans is absolutely
+17:59.880 --> 18:01.800
+loans is absolutely absurd.
 
-17:59.240 --> 18:04.240
-absurd and I didn't go to college, I don't have loans, so why should I help them?
+18:01.800 --> 18:02.800
+And I didn't go to college.
 
-18:04.240 --> 18:11.520
+18:02.800 --> 18:03.880
+I don't have loans.
+
+18:03.880 --> 18:06.240
+So why should I help them?
+
+18:06.240 --> 18:13.480
 And those same people have never considered the oddity of corporate bankruptcy or personal
 
-18:11.520 --> 18:16.760
+18:13.480 --> 18:18.760
 bankruptcy for that matter, which is totally okay.
 
-18:16.760 --> 18:22.480
-And so it's bizarre because that is obviously, if you think objectively about it, that's
+18:18.760 --> 18:24.480
+And so it's it's bizarre because that is obviously, if you think objectively about it, that's
 
-18:22.480 --> 18:26.480
+18:24.480 --> 18:28.480
 only because people want you to scream about that, otherwise it wouldn't rise all over
 
-18:26.480 --> 18:27.480
+18:28.480 --> 18:29.480
 the internet.
 
-18:27.480 --> 18:35.320
+18:29.480 --> 18:37.320
 And once you see it that way, then all of these things need a real inspection.
 
-18:35.320 --> 18:39.720
+18:37.320 --> 18:41.680
 Because in reality, we are being governed by asking the wrong questions and being convinced
 
-18:39.720 --> 18:47.240
+18:41.680 --> 18:49.240
 that these questions are much smarter than they are, in fact, they're dumb questions.
 
-18:47.240 --> 18:52.840
+18:49.240 --> 18:54.800
 And once you see it that way, then you see why informed consent comes back to the fore
 
-18:52.840 --> 18:57.120
+18:54.800 --> 18:59.100
 all the time, because informed consent is what one would have if you were in a free
 
-18:57.120 --> 19:01.320
+18:59.100 --> 19:03.320
 country, if you were in a free republic, you would have informed consent.
 
-19:01.320 --> 19:07.280
+19:03.320 --> 19:09.280
 If you were a real citizen with real voting rights, you would have informed consent.
 
-19:07.280 --> 19:13.120
-And these people in our government would be acting with our informed consent, more
+19:09.280 --> 19:15.160
+And these people in our government would be acting with our informed consent more or
 
-19:13.120 --> 19:14.120
-or less.
+19:15.160 --> 19:16.160
+less.
 
-19:14.120 --> 19:19.400
+19:16.160 --> 19:21.360
 I don't know if that's the right legal language or not, but it sure sounds pretty good to me.
 
-19:19.400 --> 19:24.520
+19:21.360 --> 19:26.480
 And so one of the ways to understand how our informed consent was taken away from us was
 
-19:24.520 --> 19:31.560
+19:26.480 --> 19:33.560
 to understand that there was a magic show, which was performed with people in the audience
 
-19:31.560 --> 19:37.560
-in on the show that has convinced us that there was a pandemic, a combination of people
+19:33.560 --> 19:38.240
+in on the show that has convinced us that there was a pandemic.
 
-19:37.560 --> 19:44.160
-in the audience that were making new diagnostic tools and other people that were starting
+19:38.240 --> 19:44.320
+A combination of people in the audience that were making new diagnostic tools and other
 
-19:44.160 --> 19:47.640
-new PCR companies or track and trace companies.
+19:44.320 --> 19:49.600
+people that were starting new PCR companies or track and trace companies.
 
-19:47.640 --> 19:51.760
-And all these people that seem to be just, wow, this is this is crazy.
+19:49.600 --> 19:54.720
+And all these people that seem to be just, wow, this is, this is crazy, this look at
 
-19:51.760 --> 19:58.080
-This look at all this, the Ant Hill is moving.
+19:54.720 --> 20:00.040
+all this, the Ant Hill is moving.
 
-19:58.080 --> 20:03.960
-And when you look around and you think that it's all real life instead of a show, it was
+20:00.040 --> 20:04.800
+And when you look around and you think that it's all real life instead of a show, it's
 
-20:03.960 --> 20:04.960
-overwhelming.
+20:05.640 --> 20:06.720
+it was overwhelming.
 
-20:04.960 --> 20:11.760
+20:06.720 --> 20:13.720
 And that's what all of us did, all of us very naive, including myself, people that thought
 
-20:11.760 --> 20:15.800
+20:13.720 --> 20:17.760
 the vast majority of what we thought was the real world was the real world, that most
 
-20:15.800 --> 20:20.160
+20:17.760 --> 20:22.160
 of what we saw in television was the truth, that most of what people published was the
 
-20:20.160 --> 20:25.880
-truth, even though we knew in our hearts that, you know, like the things that happened on
+20:22.160 --> 20:23.800
+truth.
+
+20:23.800 --> 20:28.560
+Even though we knew in our hearts that, you know, like the things that happened on 9-11
 
-20:25.920 --> 20:32.660
-9 11 have been sort of obviously mistold, although we might not claim to know what happened.
+20:28.560 --> 20:34.640
+have been sort of obviously mistold, although we might not claim to know what happened.
 
-20:32.660 --> 20:38.840
+20:34.640 --> 20:40.840
 It's weird how even people like us were not able to apply that skepticism fully to the
 
-20:38.840 --> 20:42.960
+20:40.840 --> 20:44.960
 whole picture in front of us, but rather just those two buildings over there, just those
 
-20:42.960 --> 20:43.960
+20:44.960 --> 20:45.960
 airplanes.
 
-20:43.960 --> 20:44.960
+20:45.960 --> 20:46.960
 That's it.
 
-20:44.960 --> 20:48.840
+20:46.960 --> 20:50.840
 That, that seems weird, but everything else seems kosher.
 
-20:48.840 --> 20:53.600
+20:50.840 --> 20:55.600
 So as long as you tell a good story, then it's totally okay.
 
-20:53.600 --> 20:57.240
+20:55.600 --> 20:59.240
 It's when the details don't match up that things start to get hairy.
 
-20:57.240 --> 21:02.400
+20:59.240 --> 21:04.400
 And it seems to me that with the pandemic, because they closed the trap too early, because
 
-21:02.400 --> 21:09.760
-they, they went all in before we were afraid enough or confused enough.
+21:04.400 --> 21:12.440
+they, they went all in before we were afraid enough or confused enough, there are sufficient
 
-21:09.760 --> 21:16.000
-There are sufficient people outside of the illusion to rescue.
+21:12.440 --> 21:18.000
+people outside of the illusion to rescue.
 
-21:16.000 --> 21:17.440
+21:18.000 --> 21:19.440
 I do really think it's possible.
 
-21:17.440 --> 21:21.600
+21:19.440 --> 21:23.600
 I just think that they're using all of their might, all of their social media power, all
 
-21:21.600 --> 21:27.480
-of their dirty tricks, all of their, their illusions, all of their disguises to make
+21:23.600 --> 21:29.680
+of their dirty tricks, all of their, their illusions, all of their disguises to make sure
 
-21:27.480 --> 21:31.600
-sure that we don't figure out that we're actually really close to a threshold moment
+21:29.680 --> 21:34.120
+that we don't figure out that we're actually really close to a, a threshold moment where
 
-21:31.600 --> 21:36.280
-where irrespective of who got us there, we're all going to be able to wake up and leave
+21:34.120 --> 21:39.440
+irrespective of who got us there, we're all going to be able to wake up and leave these,
 
-21:36.280 --> 21:41.760
-these, these medlers behind, because once we understand the whole picture, it doesn't
+21:39.440 --> 21:44.200
+these meddlers behind, because once we understand the whole picture, it doesn't matter who's
 
-21:41.760 --> 21:44.800
-matter who's selling an Ivermectin book.
+21:44.200 --> 21:46.760
+selling an Ivermectin book.
 
-21:44.800 --> 21:48.920
-Once we understand the whole picture, it doesn't matter who's running that study or who's doing
+21:46.760 --> 21:50.560
+Once we understand the whole picture, it doesn't matter who's running that study, or who's
 
-21:48.920 --> 21:51.840
-that group or who's on that telegram chat.
+21:50.560 --> 21:53.840
+doing that group, or who's on that telegram chat.
 
-21:51.840 --> 21:57.160
+21:53.840 --> 21:59.120
 Once we understand the big picture, then any of these one trick ponies will be completely
 
-21:57.160 --> 22:01.520
+21:59.120 --> 22:03.520
 irrelevant rather than part of a relevant barbershop quartet that everybody thinks is
 
-22:01.520 --> 22:04.480
+22:03.520 --> 22:06.440
 such harmony.
 
-22:04.480 --> 22:09.040
+22:06.440 --> 22:11.000
 I think that's the reason why the illusion of consensus was something that needed to be
 
-22:09.040 --> 22:16.400
+22:11.000 --> 22:18.360
 almost stolen and diluted, because you had to, you had to take this and make something
 
-22:16.400 --> 22:21.960
+22:18.360 --> 22:23.920
 other than an illusion of consensus about a novel virus in order to dilute the power
 
-22:21.960 --> 22:23.520
+22:23.920 --> 22:25.440
 of this idea.
 
-22:23.520 --> 22:29.760
+22:25.440 --> 22:31.760
 It's just unfortunate that maybe a friend was involved in, in that operation, wittingly
 
-22:29.760 --> 22:33.240
+22:31.760 --> 22:35.240
 or unwittingly, and that's what I find most disappointing about it.
 
-22:33.240 --> 22:38.520
+22:35.240 --> 22:40.520
 I think this faith in a novel virus is something that is really essentially an attack on us
 
-22:38.520 --> 22:46.360
-in our way of life, whatever you want to call it, baseball and apple pie, true freedom
+22:40.520 --> 22:49.680
+in our way of life, whatever you want to call it, baseball and apple pie, true freedom,
 
-22:47.360 --> 22:50.600
+22:49.680 --> 22:53.120
 not whatever we're talking about now.
 
-22:50.600 --> 22:56.920
-And that story, this story here that's on the on the screen is how they're doing it,
+22:53.120 --> 22:59.000
+And that story, this story here that's on the, on the screen is how they're doing it,
 
-22:56.920 --> 23:00.000
+22:59.000 --> 23:02.360
 how they intend to do it to our children.
 
-23:00.000 --> 23:07.520
-Create enough chaos in their mind and enough insecurity with the adults in the world that.
+23:02.360 --> 23:09.680
+Create enough chaos in their mind and enough insecurity with the adults in the world that,
 
-23:07.520 --> 23:16.200
-You know, you'll see very soon we'll have a kind of middle aged adult 30 year old
+23:09.680 --> 23:18.920
+you know, you'll see very soon we'll have a, a kind of middle aged adult, 30 year olds
 
-23:16.200 --> 23:22.120
-kids, thinking that they belong in Congress, thinking that they belong on states and and
+23:18.920 --> 23:24.880
+thinking that they belong in Congress, thinking that they belong on States and, and rejecting
 
-23:22.120 --> 23:29.120
-rejecting the 50 year olds like me and you and the 40 year olds and maybe even the 60
+23:24.880 --> 23:31.560
+the 50 year olds like me and you and the 40 year olds and maybe even the 60 year olds,
 
-23:29.120 --> 23:32.440
-year olds, they're all going to get rejected because of this, you know, all these old
+23:31.560 --> 23:35.160
+they're all going to get rejected because of this, you know, all these old people, including
 
-23:32.440 --> 23:35.800
-people, including the old person in office right now.
+23:35.160 --> 23:37.760
+the old person in office right now.
 
-23:35.800 --> 23:41.840
-That's part of the intergenerational fracturing that that was probably intended with regard
+23:37.760 --> 23:43.840
+That's part of the intergenerational fracturing that, that was probably intended with regard
 
-23:41.840 --> 23:47.600
-to the pandemic to try and make sure that most of the skeptics were old and most of
+23:43.840 --> 23:50.040
+to the pandemic to try and make sure that most of the skeptics were old and most of the people
 
-23:47.600 --> 23:49.960
-the people on the good side were young.
+23:50.040 --> 23:51.960
+on the good side were young.
 
-23:49.960 --> 23:54.680
+23:51.960 --> 23:56.640
 And so then in the end, when the next one comes along, we can glump all these old people
 
-23:54.680 --> 23:58.800
+23:56.640 --> 24:00.760
 into one group, transfect them all.
 
-23:58.800 --> 23:59.800
-I don't know.
-
-23:59.800 --> 24:05.560
-I'm a bit, I'm a bit off target here and I'm wasting a little time, but I feel as though
+24:00.760 --> 24:04.920
+I don't know, I'm, I'm a bit, I'm a bit off target here and I'm wasting a little time,
 
-24:05.560 --> 24:09.840
-we are at a crucial moment where I don't need to address anything else other than to repeat
+24:04.920 --> 24:10.960
+but I feel as though we are at a crucial moment where I don't need to address anything else
 
-24:09.920 --> 24:10.920
-what I'm saying.
+24:10.960 --> 24:12.680
+other than to repeat what I'm saying.
 
-24:10.920 --> 24:19.480
+24:12.680 --> 24:21.480
 And that is that that the people that are on one side, the other, the top, the bottom,
 
-24:19.480 --> 24:22.440
+24:21.480 --> 24:24.400
 they all agree that there was a virus.
 
-24:22.440 --> 24:26.880
-They all agree that it went around the world that infected millions of people and maybe
+24:24.400 --> 24:28.880
+They all agree that it went around the world and infected millions of people and maybe
 
-24:26.880 --> 24:28.680
+24:28.880 --> 24:30.680
 even killed millions of people.
 
-24:28.680 --> 24:30.240
+24:30.680 --> 24:32.240
 They all agree.
 
-24:30.240 --> 24:31.680
+24:32.240 --> 24:33.680
 It doesn't matter what side you're on.
 
-24:31.680 --> 24:39.800
-Tony Fauci, Kevin McCarran, Kevin McCurnan, Robert Malone, Meryl Nash.
+24:33.680 --> 24:43.480
+Tony Fauci, Kevin McCarran, Kevin McCurnan, Robert Malone, Meryl Nass, Robert F. Kennedy
 
-24:39.800 --> 24:40.800
-Yes.
+24:43.480 --> 25:01.100
+Jr, Peter Desak, Jeffrey Sacks, Kim.com, Dr. Drew, Dr. Victory, debunk the funk, Brian
 
-24:40.800 --> 24:43.800
-Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
+25:01.100 --> 25:04.040
+Wilson or whatever is named, Daniel Wilson, what is his name?
 
-24:43.800 --> 24:59.600
-Peter Desak, Jeffrey Sacks, Kim.com, Dr. Drew, Dr. Victory, Debunk the Funk, Brian Wilson
-
-24:59.600 --> 25:02.040
-or whatever is Daniel Wilson, what is his name?
-
-25:02.040 --> 25:04.200
+25:04.040 --> 25:06.200
 I don't care.
 
-25:04.200 --> 25:09.200
+25:06.200 --> 25:11.200
 All of them agree that there was a novel virus that probably killed millions of people that
 
-25:09.200 --> 25:14.400
+25:11.200 --> 25:16.400
 millions of more may have been saved from by transfection, but some of those people
 
-25:14.400 --> 25:16.960
+25:16.400 --> 25:18.960
 think that the transfection was adulterated.
 
-25:16.960 --> 25:23.560
+25:18.960 --> 25:25.560
 And so there was damage done that nobody's acknowledging.
 
-25:23.560 --> 25:29.600
+25:25.560 --> 25:31.560
 But if you carefully dissect that narrative, then neither side right now of all the people
 
-25:29.600 --> 25:35.520
+25:31.560 --> 25:37.480
 that have any space on social media at all, there is not one person, not one person on
 
-25:35.520 --> 25:42.960
+25:37.480 --> 25:44.960
 the either team, any team that questions the whole principle of the pandemic in the
 
-25:42.960 --> 25:49.880
+25:44.960 --> 25:51.880
 first place, not because the virus wasn't deadly or it was very mild because that's
 
-25:49.880 --> 25:56.000
+25:51.880 --> 25:58.000
 not questioning it and be very clear in your own head that if you say there was no pandemic
 
-25:56.000 --> 26:02.400
+25:58.000 --> 26:04.360
 because it was never a dangerous virus, because kids or the CFR or the IFR wasn't high enough,
 
-26:02.400 --> 26:11.760
-and you are not actively rejecting the idea of the pandemic, you are giving them the pandemic.
+26:04.360 --> 26:08.720
+then you are not actively rejecting the idea of the pandemic.
 
-26:11.760 --> 26:14.200
-And that's exactly what they want.
+26:08.720 --> 26:16.240
+You are, you are giving them the pandemic and that's exactly what they want.
 
-26:14.200 --> 26:24.000
+26:16.240 --> 26:26.040
 What you need to realize is that the principle, the idea that an RNA molecule can pandemic
 
-26:24.000 --> 26:31.840
-using it as a verb, can pandemic can go from a point to being everywhere on earth.
+26:26.040 --> 26:33.840
+using it as a verb can pandemic can go from a point to being everywhere on earth.
+
+26:33.840 --> 26:37.200
+That's what, that's the verb pandemic.
 
-26:32.080 --> 26:35.200
-That's the verb pandemic.
+26:37.200 --> 26:41.680
+If the, if the guitar behind me pandemics, then at some point in time at the end of the
 
-26:35.200 --> 26:40.440
-If the guitar behind me pandemics, then at some point in time at the end of the pandemic,
+26:41.680 --> 26:50.120
+pandemic, there should be a Paul Reed Smith custom guitar in every, every place on earth
 
-26:40.440 --> 26:49.040
-there should be a Paul Reed Smith custom guitar in every place on earth and every human on
+26:50.120 --> 26:53.760
+and every human on earth, every human on earth should own one.
 
-26:49.040 --> 26:53.240
-earth, every human on earth should own one, then it's a pandemic.
+26:53.760 --> 26:55.200
+Then it's a, then it's a pandemic.
 
-26:53.240 --> 26:57.680
+26:55.200 --> 26:59.640
 So you might say something like cell phones, there's a pandemic of cell phones because
 
-26:57.760 --> 27:00.160
-once we started making them, they're everywhere now.
+26:59.960 --> 27:02.240
+once we started making them there everywhere now.
 
-27:00.160 --> 27:03.600
-So there was a pandemic of cell phones.
+27:02.240 --> 27:09.040
+So there was a pandemic of cell phones, but you can imagine all of the energy and work
 
-27:03.600 --> 27:12.800
-But you can imagine all of the energy and work and human whatever that goes into that going
+27:09.040 --> 27:18.360
+and human, whatever that goes into that going from one iPhone on the stage to an iPhone
 
-27:12.800 --> 27:19.200
-from one iPhone on the stage to an iPhone in everyone's pocket.
+27:18.360 --> 27:21.320
+in everyone's pocket.
 
-27:19.200 --> 27:25.040
-And here, biologically speaking, the model that we've been handed is that an RNA molecule
+27:21.320 --> 27:26.840
+And here biologically speaking, the model that we've been handed is that an RNA molecule
 
-27:25.040 --> 27:27.600
+27:26.960 --> 27:29.560
 that gets leaked.
 
-27:27.600 --> 27:31.680
+27:29.560 --> 27:33.680
 I think Robert Malone once told the story about the idea that they were recycling things
 
-27:31.680 --> 27:38.280
-from the laboratory in Wuhan and that after they used the animals for laboratory experiments,
+27:33.680 --> 27:39.560
+from the, the laboratory in Wuhan and that after they used the animals for laboratory
 
-27:38.280 --> 27:42.000
-they would also take them down the street to the market and sell them, which is just
+27:39.560 --> 27:42.840
+experiments, they would also take them down the street to the market and sell them, which
 
-27:42.000 --> 27:45.880
-hilarity beyond hilarity.
+27:42.840 --> 27:47.840
+is just hilarity beyond hilarity.
 
-27:45.880 --> 27:50.640
-And again, wherever whatever story you want to tell, they took the laboratory animals
+27:47.840 --> 27:52.200
+And again, wherever, whatever story you want to tell, they took the, the, the laboratory
 
-27:50.640 --> 27:59.920
-out of the market and they opened up a WIV Wuhan Institute of Virology stall at the Wuhan
+27:52.200 --> 28:01.160
+animals out of the market and they opened up a, a WIV Wuhan Institute of Virology stall
 
-27:59.920 --> 28:06.920
-market and they sold control group and experimental group Golden Hamsters and the experimental
+28:01.160 --> 28:07.720
+at the Wuhan market and they sold control group and experimental group, gold and hamsters
 
-28:06.920 --> 28:08.640
-group was half price.
+28:07.720 --> 28:10.640
+and the experimental group was half price.
 
-28:08.640 --> 28:14.560
+28:10.640 --> 28:16.560
 Whatever story you want to tell, there was RNA in a small place and then it pandemiced
 
-28:14.560 --> 28:17.280
+28:16.560 --> 28:19.280
 and now we can find it everywhere.
 
-28:17.280 --> 28:22.720
+28:19.280 --> 28:24.720
 And there are lots of very useful products and methodologies to find it everywhere.
 
-28:22.720 --> 28:24.400
+28:24.720 --> 28:26.360
 That's the story that we're told.
 
-28:24.400 --> 28:33.520
+28:26.360 --> 28:35.520
 And not only that, but we're told it in a consensus sort of way everyone agrees.
 
-28:33.520 --> 28:39.360
+28:35.520 --> 28:41.320
 And so we have to be very careful because everyone also has a great faith in a great
 
-28:39.360 --> 28:44.560
+28:41.320 --> 28:46.560
 deal of this mythology around the biology of it.
 
-28:44.560 --> 28:50.040
+28:46.560 --> 28:52.000
 And so the very slippery slope is that gain of function RNA went endemic is going to
 
-28:50.040 --> 28:56.640
+28:52.000 --> 28:58.640
 permanently instill in our children that something like a fear and cleavage site, for example,
 
-28:56.640 --> 29:00.520
+28:58.640 --> 29:02.520
 can endow a virus with the ability to pandemic.
 
-29:00.520 --> 29:05.000
+29:02.520 --> 29:07.000
 And without that fear and cleavage site, it can't.
 
-29:05.000 --> 29:13.400
-We could also get to a stage where our kids actually believe that prions and chronic wasting
+29:07.000 --> 29:14.320
+We could also get to a stage where our kids actually believe that prions and, and, and
+
+29:14.320 --> 29:18.880
+chronic wasting and this kind of thing is something that can be caused by protein
+
+29:18.880 --> 29:24.960
+misfolding and that it's a natural thing that occurs as opposed to something caused
 
-29:13.400 --> 29:18.200
-and this kind of thing is something that can be caused by protein misfolding and that
+29:24.960 --> 29:30.120
+by a parasite or something caused by a bacteria or something caused by a toxin, whatever
 
-29:18.200 --> 29:24.360
-it's a natural thing that occurs as opposed to something caused by a parasite or something
+29:30.120 --> 29:35.440
+it might be in each of these cases, which very few of them have been substantiated as
 
-29:24.360 --> 29:29.720
-caused by a bacteria or something caused by a toxin, whatever it might be in each of these
+29:35.440 --> 29:38.840
+well as you might like to think.
 
-29:29.720 --> 29:36.840
-cases, which very few of them have been substantiated as well as you might like to think.
+29:38.840 --> 29:45.800
+And so I do apologize for not starting today, but in the next couple of days, for sure,
 
-29:36.840 --> 29:43.840
-And so I do apologize for not starting today, but in the next couple days, for sure, we're
+29:45.800 --> 29:50.880
+we're going to start, you know, doing real hard work, you and I together on the stream
 
-29:43.840 --> 29:50.160
-going to start doing real hard work, you and I together on the stream, about prions and
+29:50.880 --> 29:56.280
+about prions and about the literature that supports them and how we understand what they
 
-29:50.160 --> 29:55.080
-about the literature that supports them and how we understand what they do and what the
+29:56.280 --> 30:01.360
+do and what the pre on protein does when it's not doing this, this stuff that apparently
 
-29:55.080 --> 30:02.040
-pre-on protein does when it's not doing this stuff that apparently it does in these papers.
+30:01.360 --> 30:04.040
+it does in these papers.
 
-30:02.040 --> 30:08.560
-But right now, the important thing to understand is that the faith in a novel virus is starting,
+30:04.040 --> 30:10.080
+But right now, the important thing to understand is that the faith in a novel virus is starting
 
-30:08.560 --> 30:11.160
+30:10.080 --> 30:13.160
 it essentially is a faith in a novel biology.
 
-30:11.160 --> 30:16.640
+30:13.160 --> 30:18.640
 And that model is something that that's where we attack.
 
-30:16.640 --> 30:22.920
+30:18.640 --> 30:24.920
 That's where logically we need to probe each of these people who is certain about what
 
-30:22.920 --> 30:23.920
+30:24.920 --> 30:25.920
 has happened.
 
-30:23.920 --> 30:28.960
+30:25.920 --> 30:30.960
 We need to have them give us details about their model, give us details about how they
 
-30:29.040 --> 30:33.440
+30:30.960 --> 30:35.400
 mechanistically understand what happened and what's happening.
 
-30:33.440 --> 30:38.800
+30:35.400 --> 30:40.760
 For example, why don't we already have thousands of people in the hospital with crowdspelled
 
-30:38.800 --> 30:42.480
-yachob's disease because of the virus?
+30:40.760 --> 30:46.160
+yachobs disease because of the virus, because that was something that a lot of these people
 
-30:42.480 --> 30:47.000
-Because that was something that a lot of these people said very early on in 2020 was that
+30:46.160 --> 30:50.960
+said very early on in 2020 was that there would be neurological symptoms that people's
 
-30:47.000 --> 30:50.320
-there would be neurological symptoms, that people's behavior was going to change, that
+30:50.960 --> 30:56.760
+behavior was going to change that maybe we would have amyloidogenic or prion like diseases
 
-30:50.320 --> 30:56.880
-maybe we would have amyloidogenic or prion-like diseases in these people.
+30:56.760 --> 30:58.840
+in these people.
 
-30:56.880 --> 31:02.040
-And so, you know, showing videos of people licking the walls or licking the windows of
+30:58.840 --> 31:04.440
+And so you know, showing videos of people licking the walls or licking the windows of closed
 
-31:02.040 --> 31:09.080
-closed pubs was a way of suggesting that the COVID virus was going around changing people's
+31:04.440 --> 31:11.440
+pubs was a way of suggesting that the COVID virus was going around changing people's brains
 
-31:09.080 --> 31:12.480
-brains because the spike protein was a pre-on weapon.
+31:11.440 --> 31:14.440
+because the spike protein was a prion weapon.
 
-31:12.480 --> 31:20.360
+31:14.440 --> 31:22.320
 These people said that in March and in April of 2020 when they had no business having any
 
-31:20.360 --> 31:26.920
-opinions about what the spike protein would do or not do, but they all had ideas.
+31:22.320 --> 31:28.960
+opinions about what the spike protein would do or not do, but they all had ideas and they
 
-31:26.920 --> 31:28.720
-And they weren't all mainstream people.
+31:28.960 --> 31:30.680
+weren't all mainstream people.
 
-31:28.720 --> 31:34.480
+31:30.680 --> 31:36.440
 None of them were mainstream biologists, academic biologists.
 
-31:34.480 --> 31:40.300
+31:36.440 --> 31:42.260
 They were fringe people, people that had no business calling themselves experts, no business
 
-31:40.300 --> 31:45.120
+31:42.260 --> 31:47.080
 putting themselves out there.
 
-31:45.120 --> 31:46.200
+31:47.080 --> 31:48.160
 Was I one of those people?
 
-31:46.200 --> 31:54.160
-Well, I don't really know because I never claimed that this was a worst-case scenario.
+31:48.160 --> 31:56.120
+I don't really know because I never claimed that this was a worst case scenario.
 
-31:54.160 --> 31:56.000
-I fought against the worst-case scenario.
+31:56.120 --> 31:57.960
+I fought against the worst case scenario.
 
-31:56.000 --> 32:01.000
+31:57.960 --> 32:02.960
 I fought for the idea that it might be better not to trust the government and not to trust
 
-32:01.000 --> 32:06.080
+32:02.960 --> 32:08.080
 the pharmaceutical companies and to not take their word for it.
 
-32:06.080 --> 32:11.960
+32:08.080 --> 32:13.920
 Even though I didn't have the total biological understanding that I think I have now and can't
 
-32:11.960 --> 32:16.640
+32:13.920 --> 32:18.640
 make as cogent argument as I can now, I was already making a pretty cogent argument
 
-32:16.640 --> 32:24.440
+32:18.640 --> 32:26.440
 in March 2020 and the people that were rejecting that argument are quite striking because many
 
-32:24.440 --> 32:34.960
-of those people are now front and center of the opposition, presenting, being promoted
+32:26.440 --> 32:39.120
+of those people are now front and center of the opposition presenting being promoted together.
 
-32:34.960 --> 32:43.000
-together, it's incredible, really, because this is the biology they want, I think, your
+32:39.120 --> 32:45.480
+It's incredible, really, because this is the biology they want, I think, your children
 
-32:43.000 --> 32:48.560
-children to believe us to talk about, us to argue about, and that's not what we're going
+32:45.480 --> 32:51.040
+to believe us to talk about us to argue about and that's not what we're going to discuss
 
-32:48.560 --> 32:51.360
-to discuss because it's not real biology.
+32:51.040 --> 32:53.360
+because it's not real biology.
 
-32:51.360 --> 32:58.320
+32:53.360 --> 33:00.320
 We will discuss it and we will use it to understand how a biological concept can come to exist
 
-32:58.320 --> 33:04.480
+33:00.320 --> 33:06.480
 in the literature when it might not exist in nature and it will come to understand how
 
-33:04.480 --> 33:10.440
-it is that gain of function, virology, has been exaggerated in the literature in exactly
+33:06.480 --> 33:12.400
+it is that gain of functioned virology has been exaggerated in the literature in exactly
 
-33:10.440 --> 33:15.160
+33:12.400 --> 33:17.120
 the same way with the, sorry about that, what was I doing with that for?
 
-33:15.160 --> 33:17.000
+33:17.120 --> 33:18.960
 That was weird.
 
-33:17.000 --> 33:21.320
-That is not a symbol of 666 for me, I can tell you that much right now, but I do know that
+33:18.960 --> 33:21.480
+That is not a symbol of 666 for me.
 
-33:21.320 --> 33:22.320
-everybody says that.
+33:21.480 --> 33:24.200
+I can tell you that much right now, but I do know that everybody says that.
 
-33:22.320 --> 33:24.840
+33:24.200 --> 33:26.800
 I think it's got to be upside down to in order for that to be real.
 
-33:24.840 --> 33:28.480
-I was just holding my hand that way, I apologize, but I am sensitive to it because everybody's
+33:26.800 --> 33:28.080
+I was just holding my hand that way.
 
-33:28.480 --> 33:34.360
-talking about it all the time, so anyway, I really think this is important though.
+33:28.080 --> 33:33.320
+I apologize, but I am sensitive to it because everybody's talking about it all the time.
 
-33:34.360 --> 33:39.960
+33:33.320 --> 33:36.360
+Anyway, I really think this is important though.
+
+33:36.360 --> 33:41.960
 It's important to understand that we have a biological story here that is plausible,
 
-33:39.960 --> 33:51.440
-that doesn't require any crazy variables, it doesn't require any as yet unverified biology,
+33:41.960 --> 33:45.480
+that doesn't require any crazy variables.
+
+33:45.480 --> 33:53.400
+It doesn't require any as yet unverified biology.
 
-33:51.440 --> 33:58.720
-no new principles of biology, no crazy things, just a signal in the background that we weren't
+33:53.400 --> 33:56.640
+No new principles of biology.
 
-33:58.720 --> 34:04.840
-measuring before, because we weren't measuring before, that we have been misled as being
+33:56.640 --> 33:58.800
+No crazy things.
 
-34:04.840 --> 34:08.760
-something that is actively spreading.
+33:58.800 --> 34:02.320
+Just a signal in the background that we weren't measuring before because we weren't
 
-34:08.760 --> 34:13.080
+34:02.320 --> 34:10.760
+measuring before that we have been misled as being something that is actively spreading.
+
+34:10.760 --> 34:15.080
 And now how that was accomplished could be different in different places.
 
-34:13.080 --> 34:19.440
-And that's totally okay to what extent it was deliberately done or accidentally done
+34:15.080 --> 34:17.560
+And that's totally okay.
+
+34:17.560 --> 34:22.560
+To what extent it was deliberately done or accidentally done in different places can
 
-34:19.440 --> 34:21.200
-in different places can be different.
+34:22.560 --> 34:23.560
+be different.
 
-34:21.200 --> 34:22.200
+34:23.560 --> 34:24.560
 That's totally okay.
 
-34:22.200 --> 34:26.400
+34:24.560 --> 34:28.360
 We could be very much under the yoke of a bunch of people who did it on purpose with
 
-34:26.400 --> 34:31.520
-lots of planted audience members in the United States in the magician show that we attended
+34:28.360 --> 34:33.040
+lots of planted audience members in the United States in the magician show that we
 
-34:31.520 --> 34:37.640
-here, but in the Netherlands, there could be very few people in on it in Sweden.
+34:33.040 --> 34:34.360
+attended here.
 
-34:37.640 --> 34:42.280
+34:34.360 --> 34:39.600
+But in the Netherlands, there could be very few people in on it in Sweden.
+
+34:39.600 --> 34:44.260
 There might have been very few people in on it.
 
-34:42.280 --> 34:47.880
-And so you have to calibrate your interpretation of what happened around the world because each
+34:44.260 --> 34:49.720
+And so you have to calibrate your interpretation of what happened around the world because
 
-34:47.880 --> 34:52.240
-one of those places also saw a very different window on social media.
+34:49.720 --> 34:54.200
+each one of those places also saw a very different window on social media.
 
-34:52.240 --> 34:54.280
+34:54.200 --> 34:56.280
 What was the social media like in Germany?
 
-34:54.280 --> 34:56.200
+34:56.280 --> 34:58.200
 What was the social media like in the Netherlands?
 
-34:56.200 --> 34:58.980
+34:58.200 --> 35:00.980
 Quite frankly, I don't know.
 
-34:58.980 --> 35:01.040
+35:00.980 --> 35:03.040
 What was the social media like in Australia?
 
-35:01.040 --> 35:03.840
+35:03.040 --> 35:05.840
 You don't know and I don't know either.
 
-35:03.840 --> 35:10.200
-But we can guess from what we've been shown that the Australians in the New Zealand are
+35:05.840 --> 35:12.200
+But we can guess from what we've been shown that the Australians and the New Zealand are
 
-35:10.200 --> 35:15.360
+35:12.200 --> 35:17.360
 probably pretty convinced that there was COVID because they saw it ravage our country.
 
-35:15.360 --> 35:21.280
+35:17.360 --> 35:23.280
 They saw us go bananas and they locked down and they didn't have it.
 
-35:21.280 --> 35:25.320
+35:23.280 --> 35:27.320
 So there's lots of congruent observations when they look out their window and they look
 
-35:25.320 --> 35:28.560
+35:27.320 --> 35:30.560
 at their phone to make them the believe that it did happen.
 
-35:28.560 --> 35:30.080
+35:30.560 --> 35:32.080
 Maybe it's not so bad anymore.
 
-35:30.080 --> 35:34.400
+35:32.080 --> 35:36.400
 Maybe it could happen again.
 
-35:34.400 --> 35:37.960
+35:36.400 --> 35:39.960
 But they experienced a very different window into reality than what we saw.
 
-35:37.960 --> 35:43.160
+35:39.960 --> 35:45.200
 And I would be willing to bet that the window that they saw is sufficiently incongruent
 
-35:43.160 --> 35:47.960
+35:45.200 --> 35:49.960
 from our own so that when we meet together, we're going to disagree about stuff and that's
 
-35:48.000 --> 35:52.400
+35:49.960 --> 35:54.400
 by design.
 
-35:52.400 --> 35:56.760
-The Australians in New Zealanders are going to be especially skeptical of anybody that
+35:54.400 --> 35:58.560
+The Australians and the New Zealanders are going to be especially skeptical of anybody
 
-35:56.760 --> 36:01.720
-says there was no COVID because they saw it.
+35:58.560 --> 36:03.680
+that says there was no COVID because they saw it.
 
-36:01.720 --> 36:07.800
+36:03.680 --> 36:09.760
 And the few cases that made it over there were bad.
 
-36:07.800 --> 36:10.040
+36:09.760 --> 36:12.000
 And the theater was designed that way.
 
-36:10.040 --> 36:16.920
+36:12.000 --> 36:18.880
 You got to get sophisticated enough to see that this theater is big and it's multifaceted.
 
-36:16.920 --> 36:21.680
+36:18.880 --> 36:23.640
 It's like a stage with multiple angles and those angles are not visible to the other
 
-36:21.680 --> 36:25.360
+36:23.640 --> 36:27.320
 people but have bearing on what the other people experience.
 
-36:25.360 --> 36:27.680
+36:27.320 --> 36:29.640
 Isn't that weird?
 
-36:27.680 --> 36:31.600
+36:29.640 --> 36:33.600
 Because one audience is hearing the reaction of the other audience, but you don't know
 
-36:31.600 --> 36:35.400
+36:33.600 --> 36:37.360
 if that other audience is in on it or not.
 
-36:35.400 --> 36:37.640
+36:37.360 --> 36:39.600
 And what did they see over there?
 
-36:37.640 --> 36:40.920
+36:39.600 --> 36:42.880
 And so it's a very complicated show.
 
-36:40.920 --> 36:44.400
+36:42.880 --> 36:46.360
 It's not just a magician on stage with a couple people in the audience.
 
-36:44.400 --> 36:48.600
+36:46.360 --> 36:50.560
 It's several audiences and some of them you can't see but you're being told what they
 
-36:48.600 --> 36:49.600
-see.
-
-36:49.600 --> 36:53.440
-Or you're being shown a mirror image of what they see but you're not sure if any of those
+36:50.560 --> 36:55.120
+see or you're being shown a mirror image of what they see but you're not sure if any
 
-36:53.440 --> 36:57.880
-people are in on the or the same number of people, maybe the whole audience is corrupt
+36:55.120 --> 36:57.880
+of those people are in on the or the same number of people.
 
-36:57.880 --> 37:01.880
-on the left but the whole audience on the right isn't.
+36:57.880 --> 37:03.880
+Maybe the whole audience is corrupt on the left but the whole audience on the right isn't.
 
-37:01.880 --> 37:05.040
+37:03.880 --> 37:07.040
 And all of these variables are under their control.
 
-37:05.040 --> 37:07.600
+37:07.040 --> 37:09.560
 They already figured out what the best way to do it is.
 
-37:07.600 --> 37:15.360
+37:09.560 --> 37:17.320
 They already tried a couple different combinations and now they're doing it well.
 
-37:15.360 --> 37:20.040
+37:17.320 --> 37:22.000
 And that's why it was so difficult for all of us to see through it in 2020 and 2021.
 
-37:20.040 --> 37:24.640
+37:22.000 --> 37:26.600
 They never thought they would have to keep this theater going and keep adding acts and
 
-37:24.640 --> 37:28.720
+37:26.600 --> 37:30.720
 keep adding actors and keep pulling more people out of the audience.
 
-37:28.720 --> 37:33.520
+37:30.720 --> 37:35.520
 They're getting very, very close to having no more people in the audience.
 
-37:33.520 --> 37:36.000
+37:35.520 --> 37:38.000
 Do you understand?
 
-37:36.000 --> 37:39.920
-There's no more, almost said a particular name.
+37:38.000 --> 37:41.880
+There's no more almost set a particular name.
+
+37:41.880 --> 37:45.040
+There's no more.
 
-37:39.920 --> 37:49.800
-There's no more, there are no more Brian Artises to come out of the audience.
+37:45.040 --> 37:51.760
+There are no more Brian artises to come out of the audience.
 
-37:49.800 --> 37:52.400
-There are no more Pierre Corries to come out of the audience.
+37:51.760 --> 37:54.400
+There are no more Pierre Corey's to come out of the audience.
 
-37:52.400 --> 37:54.600
-I don't know if, but you see what I mean.
+37:54.400 --> 37:56.600
+I don't know if but you see what I mean.
 
-37:54.600 --> 37:57.120
+37:56.600 --> 37:59.120
 There's no more new ones anymore.
 
-37:57.120 --> 37:59.560
+37:59.120 --> 38:01.560
 Now they have to argue with each other.
 
-37:59.560 --> 38:01.600
+38:01.560 --> 38:03.600
 Now they have to create new rivalries.
 
-38:01.600 --> 38:09.280
+38:03.600 --> 38:11.280
 Now CHD is promoting Dr. Drew and promoting Dave Rubin because they don't have anybody
 
-38:09.280 --> 38:12.920
+38:11.280 --> 38:14.920
 else on the bench to pull out.
 
-38:12.920 --> 38:20.720
-Now Brett Weinstein is interviewing random, random people about the biology, trying to
+38:14.920 --> 38:22.720
+Now Brett Weinstein is interviewing random, random people about the biology trying to
 
-38:20.720 --> 38:23.920
+38:22.720 --> 38:25.920
 confirm his biological ideas.
 
-38:23.920 --> 38:26.320
+38:25.920 --> 38:28.320
 It's incredible.
 
-38:26.320 --> 38:33.200
+38:28.320 --> 38:35.200
 People like J. Bottacharia who are faculty at Stanford University just get randomly hooked
 
-38:33.200 --> 38:43.640
+38:35.200 --> 38:45.640
 up with some guy from Canada to do a sub stack called Illusion of Consensus.
 
-38:43.640 --> 38:45.320
+38:45.640 --> 38:47.280
 Who's that kid?
 
-38:45.320 --> 38:51.160
+38:47.280 --> 38:53.120
 Why would Jay choose to do a podcast with him when he could do a podcast with any of
 
-38:51.160 --> 38:55.160
+38:53.120 --> 38:57.120
 his students or the fellow faculty member?
 
-38:55.160 --> 39:02.040
+38:57.120 --> 39:04.000
 Why some guy from Canada and why did Brett Weinstein like introduce him to the world
 
-39:02.040 --> 39:03.040
+39:04.000 --> 39:05.000
 as well?
 
-39:03.040 --> 39:08.280
-If you don't see the show for what it is, it's hard to help anybody, but again, seeing
+39:05.000 --> 39:10.240
+If you don't see the show for what it is, it's hard to help anybody but again, seeing
 
-39:08.280 --> 39:11.440
+39:10.240 --> 39:13.400
 the show isn't for everyone.
 
-39:11.440 --> 39:14.600
-Anybody can see the show, but not everybody wants to see it.
+39:13.400 --> 39:16.560
+Anybody can see the show but not everybody wants to see it.
 
-39:14.600 --> 39:21.280
+39:16.560 --> 39:23.240
 Not everybody has the machinery to see it.
 
-39:21.280 --> 39:25.160
-I don't know who did this experiment, but I think at one point somebody measured that
+39:23.240 --> 39:27.160
+I don't know who did this experiment but I think at one point somebody measured that
 
-39:25.160 --> 39:31.800
+39:27.160 --> 39:33.760
 like 80% of humans don't have the ability really to say no to an authority figure.
 
-39:31.800 --> 39:37.360
+39:33.760 --> 39:39.320
 So I mean, this is where we are.
 
-39:37.360 --> 39:42.560
-It is our obligation, my obligation at this point, I feel to try and bring as many people
+39:39.320 --> 39:44.520
+It is our obligation, my obligation at this point I feel to try and bring as many people
 
-39:42.560 --> 39:47.560
+39:44.520 --> 39:49.520
 as possible that want to understand this, want to try and understand this to understand
 
-39:47.560 --> 39:48.560
+39:49.520 --> 39:50.520
 it.
 
-39:48.560 --> 39:51.200
+39:50.520 --> 39:53.160
 And it's a set of bad ideas.
 
-39:51.200 --> 39:52.560
+39:53.160 --> 39:54.520
 It's a set of assumptions.
 
-39:52.560 --> 39:58.320
+39:54.520 --> 40:00.280
 It's a set of very poor and simplistic models that we have been forced to accept by the questions
 
-39:58.320 --> 40:05.120
+40:00.280 --> 40:07.080
 that we have been tricked into answering for the last couple of decades.
 
-40:05.120 --> 40:06.120
-And that's why.
+40:07.080 --> 40:08.080
+And that's why-
 
-40:06.120 --> 40:09.560
+40:08.080 --> 40:11.560
 Scientific questions I think are very hard to get a handle on.
 
-40:09.560 --> 40:15.960
+40:11.560 --> 40:17.960
 And the reason for this is that in late modernity, which we're living in, there's simply too
 
-40:15.960 --> 40:20.280
+40:17.960 --> 40:22.240
 much knowledge for any individual human to understand all of it.
 
-40:20.280 --> 40:29.440
-And so in this world of extreme hyperspecialization where it's narrower and narrower subsets of
+40:22.240 --> 40:31.280
+And so in this world of extreme hyper specialization where it's narrower and narrower subsets
 
-40:29.440 --> 40:34.000
-experts policing themselves and talking about how great they are, the string theorists talking
+40:31.280 --> 40:35.680
+of experts policing themselves and talking about how great they are, the string theorists
 
-40:34.000 --> 40:37.400
-about how great string theory is, the cancer researchers talking about how they're just
+40:35.680 --> 40:39.200
+talking about how great string theorists, the cancer researchers talking about how they're
 
-40:37.400 --> 40:41.800
-about to cure cancer, the quantum computer researchers are just about to build a quantum
+40:39.200 --> 40:43.800
+just about to cure cancer, the quantum computer researchers are just about to build a quantum
 
-40:41.800 --> 40:43.440
+40:43.800 --> 40:45.400
 computer that will be a massive breakthrough.
 
-40:43.440 --> 40:47.760
+40:45.400 --> 40:49.720
 And then if you were to say that all these fields, not much is happening, people just
 
-40:47.760 --> 40:49.160
+40:49.720 --> 40:51.120
 don't have the authority for this.
 
-40:49.160 --> 40:54.600
+40:51.120 --> 40:56.560
 And this is somehow a very different feel for science or knowledge than you would have
 
-40:54.600 --> 40:59.920
+40:56.560 --> 41:01.880
 had in 1800 or even in 1900.
 
-40:59.920 --> 41:08.720
-It's funny, I don't really, I don't really get it a lot of times what I see in the chat.
+41:01.880 --> 41:10.680
+It's funny, I don't really get it a lot of times what I see in the chat.
 
-41:08.720 --> 41:14.560
-I guess you guys are talking to each other, funny, funny, funny little kids.
+41:10.680 --> 41:13.760
+I guess you guys are talking to each other.
 
-41:14.560 --> 41:16.640
+41:13.760 --> 41:16.520
+Funny, funny, funny little kids.
+
+41:16.520 --> 41:18.600
 See they tell the truth all the time, right?
 
-41:16.640 --> 41:22.400
+41:18.600 --> 41:24.360
 They've told us the truth for a while now.
 
-41:22.400 --> 41:24.880
+41:24.360 --> 41:26.840
 These fields haven't made much progress.
 
-41:24.880 --> 41:27.240
+41:26.840 --> 41:29.200
 Cancer hasn't made much progress.
 
-41:27.240 --> 41:30.040
+41:29.200 --> 41:32.000
 Quantum physics hasn't made much progress.
 
-41:30.040 --> 41:33.920
+41:32.000 --> 41:35.880
 I would argue that big genetics hasn't made that much progress.
 
-41:33.920 --> 41:38.360
+41:35.880 --> 41:40.320
 We can collect the data, but we don't understand it because it's too much data.
 
-41:38.360 --> 41:39.920
+41:40.320 --> 41:41.880
 It's too much analysis.
 
-41:39.920 --> 41:42.400
+41:41.880 --> 41:44.360
 It's too much variation.
 
-41:42.400 --> 41:44.840
+41:44.360 --> 41:46.800
 And we aren't sophisticated enough to understand it.
 
-41:44.840 --> 41:48.240
+41:46.800 --> 41:50.200
 Have we gotten to the stage where we made a few restriction maps of the whole human
 
-41:48.240 --> 41:49.240
+41:50.200 --> 41:51.200
 genome?
 
-41:49.240 --> 41:52.440
+41:51.200 --> 41:54.400
 Sure, we did.
 
-41:52.440 --> 41:57.480
+41:54.400 --> 41:59.440
 Have we gotten to some very low hanging fruit with regard to genetic diseases with one or
 
-41:57.480 --> 41:59.040
+41:59.440 --> 42:01.000
 two main genetic causes?
 
-41:59.040 --> 42:01.480
+42:01.000 --> 42:03.440
 Yes, we have, absolutely.
 
-42:01.480 --> 42:06.160
+42:03.440 --> 42:08.120
 But how much has that helped us understand the symphony of genes that is our natural
 
-42:06.160 --> 42:09.000
+42:08.120 --> 42:11.040
 homeostatic function of a healthy four-year-old child?
 
-42:09.000 --> 42:11.200
+42:11.040 --> 42:13.160
 Well, not very far.
 
-42:11.200 --> 42:16.240
+42:13.160 --> 42:18.200
 Not very far at all.
 
-42:16.240 --> 42:24.760
+42:18.200 --> 42:26.720
 Just like when you find out why a violin, oh, look, there was a crack in the neck of the
 
-42:24.760 --> 42:25.760
+42:26.720 --> 42:27.720
 violin.
 
-42:25.760 --> 42:26.760
+42:27.720 --> 42:28.720
 That's why it broke.
 
-42:26.760 --> 42:28.000
+42:28.720 --> 42:29.960
 And I understand it very well.
 
-42:28.000 --> 42:29.640
+42:29.960 --> 42:31.600
 Look, that crack is right there.
 
-42:29.640 --> 42:32.040
+42:31.600 --> 42:34.000
 If you have a crack, then this violin is going to break.
 
-42:32.040 --> 42:36.840
+42:34.000 --> 42:38.800
 Well, do you understand how it is that a Stradivarius makes its music then?
 
-42:36.840 --> 42:38.600
+42:38.800 --> 42:40.560
 You don't have any idea at all.
 
-42:38.600 --> 42:43.840
+42:40.560 --> 42:45.800
 But you can indefinitely explain how it is that a violin breaks when it has a crack
 
-42:43.840 --> 42:46.440
+42:45.800 --> 42:48.360
 in its neck.
 
-42:46.440 --> 42:52.760
+42:48.360 --> 42:54.680
 And that's the kind of understanding that we have of our biology up from a genetic perspective.
 
-42:52.760 --> 43:00.600
+42:54.680 --> 43:02.560
 We understand how a broken violin can occur when there is a catastrophic error in its
 
-43:00.600 --> 43:03.600
+43:02.560 --> 43:06.560
 structure related to its function.
 
-43:04.600 --> 43:10.800
+43:06.560 --> 43:12.800
 But we can't understand how the music is made in a perfect violin.
 
-43:10.800 --> 43:12.760
+43:12.800 --> 43:14.760
 And that should be the ultimate goal, right?
 
-43:12.760 --> 43:23.200
-It shouldn't be to fix these one-note genetic disorders, even though that, I guess, is a
+43:14.760 --> 43:25.200
+It shouldn't be to fix these one note genetic disorders, even though that, I guess, is a
 
-43:23.200 --> 43:28.640
+43:25.200 --> 43:30.640
 worthy goal, that's a disguised goal.
 
-43:28.640 --> 43:36.320
+43:30.640 --> 43:38.300
 Those are morally justifiable experiments in genetic manipulation that don't have any
 
-43:36.320 --> 43:41.520
+43:38.300 --> 43:43.520
 real justification in ethics other than for the particular lives of those people, you see.
 
-43:41.520 --> 43:43.200
+43:43.520 --> 43:45.200
 So you have to use it.
 
-43:43.200 --> 43:44.680
+43:45.200 --> 43:46.680
 That's what they're doing here.
 
-43:44.680 --> 43:49.600
+43:46.680 --> 43:51.560
 It is an elaborate game that they've been playing with us for a very long time to try
 
-43:49.600 --> 43:58.720
+43:51.560 --> 44:00.680
 and permanently remove our reverence for the sacred, for the sacred of the perfect
 
-43:58.720 --> 44:00.080
+44:00.680 --> 44:02.080
 child when it's born.
 
-44:00.080 --> 44:01.080
+44:02.080 --> 44:03.080
 It's perfect.
 
-44:01.080 --> 44:06.240
-It doesn't need a vitamin K shot and a HEP B shot.
+44:03.080 --> 44:08.200
+It doesn't need a vitamin K shot and a Hep B shot.
 
-44:06.240 --> 44:07.920
+44:08.200 --> 44:09.880
 And we're not there anymore.
 
-44:07.920 --> 44:10.000
+44:09.880 --> 44:11.960
 That's not this country.
 
-44:10.000 --> 44:14.400
+44:11.960 --> 44:16.360
 This country still circumcises little boys.
 
-44:14.400 --> 44:23.760
-This country still removes the uterus of women whenever they're, they might need it.
+44:16.360 --> 44:22.040
+This country still removes the uterus of women whenever they are.
+
+44:22.040 --> 44:25.480
+They might need it.
 
-44:23.760 --> 44:28.880
+44:25.480 --> 44:30.840
 We're in a very, very dire straits right now because there are lots of young people who
 
-44:28.880 --> 44:33.600
+44:30.840 --> 44:35.560
 don't understand this and don't can't hear the truth when it's said to them.
 
-44:33.600 --> 44:39.880
-They don't even hear the truth when it's said to them like this, well, wait, it's, they don't
+44:35.560 --> 44:42.120
+They don't even hear the truth when it's said to them like this, well, wait, we don't even
 
-44:39.880 --> 44:40.880
-even hear the truth.
+44:42.120 --> 44:43.120
+hear the truth.
 
-44:40.880 --> 44:45.720
-They can still understand just about everything, 1900, Hilbert could still understand just
+44:43.120 --> 44:44.920
+People understand just about everything.
 
-44:45.720 --> 44:47.800
-about all of mathematics.
+44:44.920 --> 44:50.080
+1900, Hilbert could still understand just about all of mathematics.
 
-44:47.800 --> 44:53.760
-And so the sort of, the sort of specialization, I think has made it a much harder question
+44:50.080 --> 44:55.920
+And so the sort of specialization, I think, has made it a much harder question to get
 
-44:53.760 --> 44:57.800
-to get a handle on.
+44:55.920 --> 44:59.800
+a handle on.
 
-44:57.800 --> 44:58.920
+44:59.800 --> 45:00.920
 We don't have a handle on it.
 
-44:58.920 --> 44:59.920
+45:00.920 --> 45:01.920
 They are lying to us.
 
-44:59.920 --> 45:03.520
-Of course, Tucker Carlson will tell you that he's lying, can sort of feel it.
+45:01.920 --> 45:05.520
+Of course, Tucker Carlson can tell you that he's lying and sort of feel it.
 
-45:03.520 --> 45:04.760
+45:05.520 --> 45:06.720
 You know that he's lying.
 
-45:04.760 --> 45:05.760
+45:06.720 --> 45:07.720
 You don't want to believe it.
 
-45:05.760 --> 45:07.560
+45:07.720 --> 45:09.720
 But he most definitely is.
 
-45:07.560 --> 45:08.560
+45:09.720 --> 45:10.720
 I don't want to.
 
-45:08.600 --> 45:12.840
-Unfortunately, no, the reason why I know I don't want to be a liar.
+45:10.720 --> 45:12.520
+I unfortunately know.
 
-45:12.840 --> 45:16.120
-I think it's like really important not to be a liar.
+45:12.520 --> 45:16.920
+The reason why I know I don't want to be a liar, I think it's like really important
 
-45:16.120 --> 45:21.440
-The reason why I know is because there, there was a very gigantic lie that he told on national
+45:16.920 --> 45:18.120
+not to be a liar.
 
-45:21.440 --> 45:27.240
-television after covering a Vanity Fair article that was also a lie, it was a Vanity Fair
+45:18.120 --> 45:23.440
+The reason why I know is because there was a very gigantic lie that he told on national
 
-45:27.240 --> 45:32.680
-article about the group drastic, which at the time I was a member of.
+45:23.440 --> 45:28.520
+television after covering a Vanity Fair article that was also a lie.
 
-45:32.680 --> 45:38.680
+45:28.520 --> 45:32.520
+It was a Vanity Fair article about the group drastic, which at the time I was a member
+
+45:32.520 --> 45:34.680
+of.
+
+45:34.680 --> 45:40.680
 And he said that drastic was started by a guy by the name of Jamie Metzel.
 
-45:38.680 --> 45:44.360
-Now the only way that that could have happened is if Jamie Metzel was Billy Bo Stixon.
+45:40.680 --> 45:46.360
+The only way that that could have happened is if Jamie Metzel was Billy Bo Stickson.
 
-45:44.360 --> 45:46.720
+45:46.360 --> 45:48.680
 And it wouldn't surprise me if he was.
 
-45:46.720 --> 45:51.200
+45:48.680 --> 45:53.200
 But the point was is that if he told the truth about that, then someone else was lying to
 
-45:51.200 --> 45:53.920
+45:53.200 --> 45:55.880
 me from the very beginning.
 
-45:53.920 --> 46:00.120
+45:55.880 --> 46:02.040
 That means that the diffuse proposal was actually turned over not to a foreign national with
 
-46:00.120 --> 46:10.880
-the pseudonym Billy Bo Stixon, but to an American futurist named Jamie Metzel.
+46:02.040 --> 46:12.880
+the pseudonym Billy Bo Stickson, but to an American futurist named Jamie Metzel.
 
-46:10.880 --> 46:13.640
+46:12.880 --> 46:15.640
 Now I'm not saying that Jamie Metzel started drastic.
 
-46:13.640 --> 46:17.120
-I don't think he did, but I don't know who Billy Bo Stixon is.
+46:15.640 --> 46:19.120
+I don't think he did, but I don't know who Billy Bo Stickson is.
 
-46:17.120 --> 46:20.840
-Billy Bo Stixon is still an anonymous person on Twitter.
+46:19.120 --> 46:22.840
+Billy Bo Stickson is still an anonymous person on Twitter.
 
-46:20.840 --> 46:27.280
+46:22.840 --> 46:29.280
 And that is the account that started the group that later was called drastic.
 
-46:27.280 --> 46:29.480
-The group that kicked me out.
+46:29.280 --> 46:34.800
+The group that kicked me out, the moment that I said, we have to talk about transfection,
 
-46:29.480 --> 46:33.560
-The moment that I said, we have to talk about transfection, not the virus.
+46:34.800 --> 46:35.800
+not the virus.
 
-46:33.560 --> 46:35.200
+46:35.800 --> 46:37.200
 The virus doesn't matter.
 
-46:35.200 --> 46:39.120
+46:37.200 --> 46:41.120
 Where the virus came from doesn't matter because they want to transfect everybody and we shouldn't
 
-46:39.120 --> 46:40.120
+46:41.120 --> 46:42.120
 be doing that.
 
-46:40.120 --> 46:42.520
+46:42.120 --> 46:44.520
 Then they asked me to leave.
 
-46:42.520 --> 46:49.440
-And I'm not sure if it's split in half right then or before then, but there's drastic
+46:44.520 --> 46:51.940
+And I'm not sure if it's split in half right then or before then, but there's drastic science
 
-46:49.440 --> 46:52.080
-science and drastic.
+46:51.940 --> 46:54.100
+and drastic.
 
-46:52.080 --> 46:55.080
+46:54.100 --> 46:57.060
 And I think some people say they're members of both.
 
-46:55.080 --> 46:58.280
+46:57.060 --> 47:00.260
 Some people aren't.
 
-46:58.280 --> 47:01.960
+47:00.260 --> 47:03.940
 It's all an elaborate hoax.
 
-47:01.960 --> 47:04.800
+47:03.940 --> 47:06.740
 And these are the sort of moments.
 
-47:04.800 --> 47:10.640
+47:06.740 --> 47:12.620
 Political cut I have on the specialization is always that if you analyze the politics
 
-47:10.640 --> 47:15.520
+47:12.620 --> 47:17.500
 of science, the specialization should make you suspicious because if it's gotten harder
 
-47:15.520 --> 47:20.960
+47:17.500 --> 47:22.940
 to evaluate what's going on, then it's presumably gotten easier for people to lie and to exaggerate.
 
-47:20.960 --> 47:26.600
+47:22.940 --> 47:28.620
 And then one should be a little bit suspicious and that's sort of my starting bias.
 
-47:26.600 --> 47:30.360
+47:28.620 --> 47:32.300
 And I'm going to keep playing this video like every week because I think it is the most
 
-47:30.360 --> 47:33.120
+47:32.300 --> 47:35.100
 spot on video of any of these people.
 
-47:33.120 --> 47:40.440
-And it's just striking that it's this guy's chubby belly saying it because I do think
+47:35.100 --> 47:41.660
+And it's just striking that it's this guy's chubby belly saying it.
 
-47:40.440 --> 47:46.400
-that this guy is near the top of a group of people at the helm of a weaponized pile of
+47:41.660 --> 47:47.300
+Because I do think that this guy is near the top of a group of people at the helm of a
 
-47:46.400 --> 47:54.320
-money or two that is vying for control of America and vying for control of the West,
+47:47.300 --> 47:55.540
+weaponized pile of money or two that is vying for control of America and vying for control
 
-47:54.320 --> 47:58.040
-if you will, because he's invested in Canadian companies.
+47:55.540 --> 48:01.060
+of the West, if you will, because he's invested in Canadian companies, he's invested in lots
 
-47:58.040 --> 48:03.440
-He's invested in lots of places, you know, and they're all part of this.
+48:01.060 --> 48:05.500
+of places, you know, and they're all part of this.
 
-48:03.440 --> 48:05.680
+48:05.500 --> 48:07.660
 Eric Weinstein is definitely part of this.
 
-48:05.680 --> 48:07.000
+48:07.660 --> 48:08.900
 Brett Weinstein's part of it.
 
-48:07.000 --> 48:08.760
+48:08.900 --> 48:10.700
 Brett's dad is part of it.
 
-48:08.760 --> 48:11.040
-It can be zero doubt anymore.
+48:10.700 --> 48:18.700
+It can be zero doubt anymore, otherwise Brett's dad would not be one of the foremost arbitrators
 
-48:11.040 --> 48:19.320
-Otherwise, Brett's dad would not be one of the foremost arbitrators of intellectual property
+48:18.700 --> 48:25.620
+of intellectual property law, specifically in biotechnology in the United States.
 
-48:19.320 --> 48:23.600
-law specifically in biotechnology in the United States.
-
-48:23.600 --> 48:25.560
+48:25.620 --> 48:27.540
 Otherwise Brett would be very proud of his dad.
 
-48:25.560 --> 48:30.200
+48:27.540 --> 48:32.180
 Otherwise Brett would have talked with Bobby Kennedy about his dad and how their dads work
 
-48:30.200 --> 48:34.960
+48:32.180 --> 48:36.940
 together when he had him on his podcast in November of 2021 and he would have played
 
-48:34.960 --> 48:48.280
+48:36.940 --> 48:50.260
 the podcast in November of 2021 instead of playing the podcast in February of 2024.
 
-48:48.280 --> 48:52.720
+48:50.260 --> 48:54.700
 And when again, when you look in the in the rear view mirror and all these things line
 
-48:52.720 --> 48:58.080
+48:54.700 --> 49:00.060
 up like that, what conclusion can you come to other than, I guess I better not look backwards
 
-48:58.080 --> 48:59.080
+49:00.060 --> 49:01.060
 anymore.
 
-48:59.080 --> 49:04.200
-Otherwise, I might come to the conclusion that this wasn't the pandemic they said it was.
+49:01.060 --> 49:06.180
+Otherwise I might come to the conclusion that this wasn't the pandemic they said it was.
 
-49:04.200 --> 49:06.800
+49:06.180 --> 49:08.780
 Are we actually all engaging in the lookaway doctrine?
 
-49:06.800 --> 49:11.160
+49:08.780 --> 49:13.140
 I'm just not going to look because if I look, I know I'm going to figure it out.
 
-49:11.160 --> 49:12.760
+49:13.140 --> 49:14.740
 Could be.
 
-49:12.760 --> 49:18.080
+49:14.740 --> 49:20.060
 It could be that there are a lot of people who know, really know in their heart, but just
 
-49:18.080 --> 49:23.840
+49:20.060 --> 49:25.820
 don't have the courage or the stones to accept it.
 
-49:23.840 --> 49:31.240
+49:25.820 --> 49:33.220
 Even when they're shown that these people actually admitting it, they can't quite accept it.
 
-49:31.240 --> 49:34.800
+49:33.220 --> 49:36.780
 So intramuscular injection of any combination of substances with the intent of augmenting
 
-49:34.800 --> 49:37.880
+49:36.780 --> 49:39.860
 the immune system is dumb.
 
-49:37.880 --> 49:43.600
+49:39.860 --> 49:45.580
 Is something that none of these people make the list will ever talk about or say or acknowledge.
 
-49:43.600 --> 49:45.640
+49:45.580 --> 49:47.620
 Yeah, that's probably the best way to say it.
 
-49:45.640 --> 49:46.640
+49:47.620 --> 49:48.620
 Nope.
 
-49:46.640 --> 49:48.560
+49:48.620 --> 49:50.540
 None of them will.
 
-49:48.560 --> 49:52.520
+49:50.540 --> 49:54.500
 And curiously, none of the people at the top of CHD will there's plenty of people in
 
-49:52.520 --> 49:57.960
+49:54.500 --> 49:59.940
 the middle of CHD that have kids that have suffered that have real skin in the game that
 
-49:57.960 --> 49:59.880
+49:59.940 --> 50:01.860
 agree wholeheartedly with this statement.
 
-49:59.880 --> 50:07.520
+50:01.860 --> 50:09.540
 But the people at the top, they don't say it.
 
-50:07.520 --> 50:08.800
+50:09.540 --> 50:10.780
 They've never said it.
 
-50:08.800 --> 50:11.400
+50:10.780 --> 50:13.380
 That's the weird part.
 
-50:11.400 --> 50:17.880
+50:13.380 --> 50:19.900
 Try to find a statement where the longtime scientific advisor of CHD, Meryl Nast says
 
-50:17.880 --> 50:25.440
+50:19.900 --> 50:27.420
 anything about the childhood vaccine schedule in America by itself.
 
-50:25.440 --> 50:34.560
-And a place where we see one of these people saying it, it's very rare.
+50:27.420 --> 50:34.340
+Find a place where we see one of these people saying it.
+
+50:34.340 --> 50:36.580
+It's very rare.
 
-50:34.560 --> 50:41.960
+50:36.580 --> 50:43.980
 It's very, very, very rare for an organization that at least at the heart is completely opposed
 
-50:41.960 --> 50:45.720
+50:43.980 --> 50:47.740
 to this.
 
-50:45.720 --> 50:50.560
+50:47.740 --> 50:52.540
 And there's a reason for it, ladies and gentlemen, because this is a controlled operation.
 
-50:50.560 --> 50:53.040
+50:52.540 --> 50:55.020
 We are being governed.
 
-50:53.040 --> 51:01.040
+50:55.020 --> 51:03.020
 And until we stop allowing them us to be governed by this mythology, it's going to continue.
 
-51:01.040 --> 51:03.080
+51:03.020 --> 51:05.060
 I don't really know all the ways out.
 
-51:03.080 --> 51:05.320
+51:05.060 --> 51:07.300
 I don't other than one at a time.
 
-51:05.320 --> 51:07.400
+51:07.300 --> 51:09.380
 We all need to awaken.
 
-51:07.400 --> 51:12.400
+51:09.380 --> 51:14.380
 We need to just come to realize that there are simple ways to say these things.
 
-51:12.400 --> 51:15.360
+51:14.380 --> 51:17.340
 There are easy ways to talk about this stuff.
 
-51:15.360 --> 51:24.520
-There are very, we could make substantial gains in our general understanding of biology.
+51:17.340 --> 51:22.700
+There are very...
 
-51:24.520 --> 51:29.200
+51:22.700 --> 51:26.500
+We could make substantial gains in our general understanding of biology.
+
+51:26.500 --> 51:31.180
 We could make substantial gains in the average person's understanding of what really happened
 
-51:29.200 --> 51:30.600
+51:31.180 --> 51:32.580
 in the pandemic.
 
-51:30.600 --> 51:36.560
+51:32.580 --> 51:38.540
 But unfortunately, many, many, many people with large platforms, with growing followings,
 
-51:36.560 --> 51:41.960
+51:38.540 --> 51:43.940
 are still focused on the same thing that they were focused on in 2020.
 
-51:41.960 --> 51:44.520
+51:43.940 --> 51:46.500
 The same thing.
 
-51:44.520 --> 51:50.360
+51:46.500 --> 51:52.340
 After four years, they still can't talk about the vaccine schedule in America as a particular
 
-51:50.360 --> 51:51.920
+51:52.340 --> 51:53.900
 example.
 
-51:51.920 --> 51:59.000
+51:53.900 --> 52:00.980
 They can't talk about the Prep Act, the Vaccine Act, and the lack of strict liability on vaccines
 
-51:59.000 --> 52:01.400
+52:00.980 --> 52:03.380
 as just a thing that everybody should understand.
 
-52:01.400 --> 52:03.800
+52:03.380 --> 52:05.780
 It's very few people.
 
-52:03.800 --> 52:08.880
+52:05.780 --> 52:10.860
 Lots of people will spend an hour on stage talking about Ivermectin studies.
 
-52:08.880 --> 52:13.800
-Lots of people would be happy to break down the details of a remdesivir study for you.
+52:10.860 --> 52:15.700
+Lots of people will be happy to break down the details of Ivermdesivir study for you.
 
-52:13.800 --> 52:18.800
-Lots of people would be happy to break down the details of a hydroxychloroquine study for
+52:15.700 --> 52:20.780
+Lots of people will be happy to break down the details of a hydroxychloroquine study for
 
-52:18.800 --> 52:19.800
-you.
+52:20.780 --> 52:26.500
+you, but not very many people are going to break down the literature of coronaviruses
 
-52:19.800 --> 52:25.120
-But not very many people are going to break down the literature of coronaviruses for you.
+52:26.500 --> 52:27.500
+for you.
 
-52:25.120 --> 52:28.960
-Not very many people are going to break down the literature of prions for you.
+52:27.500 --> 52:31.340
+Not very many people are going to break down the literature of prions for you, but lots
 
-52:28.960 --> 52:37.360
-But lots of them are happy to talk about a preprint about prions from last year.
+52:31.340 --> 52:39.340
+of them are happy to talk about a preprint about prions from last year.
 
-52:37.360 --> 52:46.760
+52:39.340 --> 52:48.740
 The only person that's taught you immunology 101 to this date in four years is me.
 
-52:46.760 --> 52:55.440
+52:48.740 --> 52:57.420
 Maybe Dr. Bean, maybe besides that who?
 
-52:55.440 --> 52:56.520
+52:57.420 --> 52:58.500
 Think about that.
 
-52:56.520 --> 53:01.640
+52:58.500 --> 53:03.620
 Which of these MDs has taught you about linked recognition?
 
-53:01.640 --> 53:07.280
+53:03.620 --> 53:09.260
 This is the last time Meryl Nast, Robert Malone, Pierre Corey, Jessica Rose.
 
-53:07.280 --> 53:10.000
+53:09.260 --> 53:11.980
 When's the last time they mentioned linked recognition?
 
-53:10.000 --> 53:18.600
+53:11.980 --> 53:20.580
 Do you think that they could explain that at a whiteboard?
 
-53:18.600 --> 53:22.720
+53:20.580 --> 53:24.700
 Do you see the problem, ladies and gentlemen?
 
-53:22.720 --> 53:26.200
+53:24.700 --> 53:28.180
 Do you see the problem?
 
-53:26.200 --> 53:27.520
+53:28.180 --> 53:29.500
 They're spreading ideas.
 
-53:27.520 --> 53:30.080
+53:29.500 --> 53:32.060
 It's just not the good ones.
 
-53:30.080 --> 53:33.840
+53:32.060 --> 53:35.820
 They're spreading lots of ideas, just not the good ones.
 
-53:33.840 --> 53:41.440
+53:35.820 --> 53:43.420
 They're questioning a lot of ideas, just not the ones that need to be questioned.
 
-53:41.440 --> 53:49.120
+53:43.420 --> 53:51.100
 I want to take a break from hammering that home to watch a video from the past, which
 
-53:49.120 --> 53:50.920
+53:51.100 --> 53:52.860
 is a video from 11 years ago.
 
-53:50.920 --> 53:55.400
+53:52.860 --> 53:57.380
 I have no idea what I'm about to find, and I'm going to watch this video for exactly
 
-53:55.400 --> 53:59.280
+53:57.380 --> 54:01.260
 an hour and then I'm going to stop because I've got basketball this afternoon again
 
-53:59.280 --> 54:03.600
-because my boys are so, they're dedicated like Shaolin monks.
+54:01.260 --> 54:05.580
+because my boys are so dedicated like Shaolin monks.
 
-54:03.600 --> 54:05.560
+54:05.580 --> 54:07.540
 Now, they're actually upset.
 
-54:05.560 --> 54:09.560
+54:07.540 --> 54:11.540
 They were talking to me yesterday in the car that they realized that the place where
 
-54:09.560 --> 54:14.000
+54:11.540 --> 54:15.980
 we're going is closed on Easter Sunday, and so they were panicking because the rec center
 
-54:14.000 --> 54:19.160
+54:15.980 --> 54:21.140
 is also closed on Easter Sunday, and what are we going to do for basketball on that
 
-54:19.160 --> 54:20.160
+54:21.140 --> 54:22.140
 day?
 
-54:20.160 --> 54:26.840
+54:22.140 --> 54:28.820
 Well, all I can say is I hope with all of my heart that this kind of dedication continues
 
-54:26.840 --> 54:29.400
+54:28.820 --> 54:31.380
 because I'm sure it's going to pay off for them.
 
-54:29.400 --> 54:32.880
+54:31.380 --> 54:34.860
 And I'm sure that they're going to have a good time next year in basketball.
 
-54:32.880 --> 54:34.760
+54:34.860 --> 54:36.740
 It's really nice to see.
 
-54:34.760 --> 54:40.880
+54:36.740 --> 54:42.860
 And I've got you guys to thank for that because part of the reason why I'm able to do it is
 
-54:40.880 --> 54:50.360
+54:42.860 --> 54:52.340
 because, well, I mean, people are supporting this stream and we're not, like I said, we
 
-54:50.360 --> 54:51.600
+54:52.340 --> 54:53.580
 still need more supporters.
 
-54:51.600 --> 54:55.120
+54:53.580 --> 54:57.100
 We need more support for next month, but so far so good.
 
-54:55.120 --> 54:59.480
+54:57.100 --> 55:01.460
 And I'm just, I'm just having faith that somehow or another people are going to hear
 
-54:59.480 --> 55:00.480
+55:01.460 --> 55:02.460
 this stream.
 
-55:00.480 --> 55:05.040
+55:02.460 --> 55:07.020
 People are going to get the message and enough people that have the means are going to be
 
-55:05.040 --> 55:11.960
+55:07.020 --> 55:13.980
 moved enough to support me so that this can continue because I think it's the vital work.
 
-55:11.960 --> 55:20.400
+55:13.980 --> 55:22.380
 It's the only stream on the internet that's trying desperately to reawaken a reverence
 
-55:20.400 --> 55:26.080
-for the sacred in and using an appreciation for biology to try and do it.
+55:22.380 --> 55:28.060
+for the sacred and using an appreciation for biology to try and do it.
 
-55:26.080 --> 55:30.320
+55:28.060 --> 55:32.300
 And so if you think this is a unique message and something that needs to get out, please
 
-55:30.320 --> 55:34.320
-take the time to go to GIGO and biological and support my work.
+55:32.300 --> 55:36.300
+take the time to go to get your own biological and support my work.
 
-55:34.320 --> 55:39.440
-Here is a video from 11 years ago with Craig Bentner and he's going to talk about what
+55:36.300 --> 55:41.420
+Here is a video from 11 years ago with Craig Bettner and he's going to talk about what
 
-55:39.440 --> 55:45.120
-life is that he's going to talk about the challenges of understanding how life works.
+55:41.420 --> 55:47.100
+life is and he's going to talk about the challenges of understanding how life works.
 
-55:45.120 --> 55:49.520
+55:47.100 --> 55:51.500
 And that's all I really know because I read the description and the video description.
 
-55:49.520 --> 55:51.240
+55:51.500 --> 55:53.180
 So I have no idea what I'm going to hear here.
 
-55:51.240 --> 55:55.920
+55:53.180 --> 55:57.900
 It could be that we're about to waste an hour of our time, but my guess is that that's
 
-55:55.920 --> 55:56.920
+55:57.900 --> 55:58.900
 not the case.
 
-55:56.920 --> 55:57.920
+55:58.900 --> 55:59.900
 Here we go.
 
-55:57.920 --> 55:58.920
-Thank you, Luke.
+55:59.900 --> 56:00.900
+Thank you Luke.
 
-55:58.920 --> 56:02.440
+56:00.900 --> 56:04.420
 T-Shock, Harvest, distinguished guests.
 
-56:02.440 --> 56:06.840
+56:04.420 --> 56:08.820
 It is a great pleasure and honor for me both on behalf of the Royal Irish Academy and the
 
-56:06.840 --> 56:11.200
+56:08.820 --> 56:13.180
 Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies to speak on this historic occasion.
 
-56:11.200 --> 56:15.160
+56:13.180 --> 56:17.140
 My task is to give some of the background to how the remarkable lecture that we celebrate
 
-56:15.160 --> 56:18.000
+56:17.140 --> 56:19.980
 tonight came to be given.
 
-56:18.000 --> 56:23.040
+56:19.980 --> 56:25.020
 Let me begin with someone that few of you have probably heard of.
 
-56:23.040 --> 56:28.440
-Edmund Taylor Whittaker was a distinguished mathematician, later historian of science,
+56:25.020 --> 56:30.300
+Edmund Taylor Whittaker was a distinguished mathematician, later historian of science
 
-56:28.440 --> 56:31.680
+56:30.300 --> 56:33.620
 who spent most of his long career at the University of Edinburgh.
 
-56:31.680 --> 56:37.480
+56:33.620 --> 56:39.420
 But he did spend some time here as one of the last Royal Astronomers of Ireland.
 
-56:37.480 --> 56:41.880
+56:39.420 --> 56:43.900
 And he is significant for the story of tonight's lecture for two reasons.
 
-56:41.880 --> 56:47.800
-Firstly, while in Dublin, he had a young student, a man called Eamon de Valera, and he inspired
+56:43.900 --> 56:49.740
+Firstly, while in Dublin he had a young student, a man called Aemon de Valera, and he inspired
 
-56:47.800 --> 56:54.320
+56:49.740 --> 56:56.260
 in him a lifelong devotion to mathematics and a great admiration for the legacy of William
 
-56:54.320 --> 56:55.320
+56:56.260 --> 56:57.260
 Rowan Hamilton.
 
-56:55.320 --> 56:58.680
+56:57.260 --> 57:00.660
 And we'll come on to that later.
 
-56:58.680 --> 57:04.680
+57:00.660 --> 57:06.660
 So when de Valera then in the late 1930s began to think of establishing what was then
 
-57:04.680 --> 57:09.400
+57:06.660 --> 57:11.380
 only the second Institute for Advanced Studies in the world, he naturally turned to his former
 
-57:09.400 --> 57:11.520
+57:11.380 --> 57:13.460
 teacher for advice.
 
-57:11.520 --> 57:14.400
+57:13.460 --> 57:16.340
 And Whittaker made one key recommendation.
 
-57:14.400 --> 57:19.120
+57:16.340 --> 57:21.060
 He told de Valera that the hardest thing to do was to give a comprehensible public
 
-57:19.120 --> 57:23.800
+57:21.060 --> 57:25.740
 lecture, something I can vouch for actually from personal experience.
 
-57:23.800 --> 57:28.800
+57:25.740 --> 57:30.780
 And de Valera took this to heart and wrote in to the 1940 act that each school of the
 
-57:28.800 --> 57:33.200
+57:30.780 --> 57:35.180
 Institute must offer a public lecture every year.
 
-57:33.200 --> 57:38.720
+57:35.180 --> 57:40.660
 And if it hadn't been for that and the recommendation of Whittaker, we would not be here tonight.
 
-57:38.720 --> 57:43.600
-This brings me, of course, naturally on to the next major player in the story, Eamon
+57:40.660 --> 57:45.540
+This brings me, of course, naturally on to the next major player in this story, Aemon
 
-57:43.600 --> 57:48.120
+57:45.540 --> 57:50.060
 de Valera, a remarkable man in many ways.
 
-57:48.120 --> 57:53.120
+57:50.060 --> 57:55.020
 His political career and influence on Irish society remains a subject of vigorous debate,
 
-57:53.120 --> 57:54.120
+57:55.020 --> 57:56.020
 I think it's fair to say.
 
-57:54.120 --> 57:55.840
+57:56.020 --> 57:57.780
 I'm not really sure if this is relevant.
 
-57:55.840 --> 57:57.360
-I might just fast-forward through it.
+57:57.780 --> 57:59.300
+I might just fast forward through it.
 
-57:57.360 --> 58:03.800
-In his publication, Judging Dev.
+57:59.300 --> 58:07.220
+In these publication, Judging Dev.
 
-58:04.800 --> 58:07.240
+58:08.220 --> 58:09.220
 Yeah.
 
-58:07.240 --> 58:12.360
-What is perhaps not so widely known is that his interest in science and mathematics was,
+58:09.220 --> 58:14.300
+What is perhaps not so widely known is that his interest in science and mathematics was
 
-58:12.360 --> 58:13.800
-in fact, genuine and deep.
+58:14.300 --> 58:16.740
+in fact genuine and deep.
 
-58:13.800 --> 58:18.520
-And in fact, I recall the previous provost of this college telling me that his life used
+58:16.740 --> 58:20.500
+And in fact, I recall a previous provost of this college telling me that his life used
 
-58:18.520 --> 58:23.600
+58:20.500 --> 58:25.540
 to be made miserable because at nine o'clock in the evening, his secretary would tell him
 
-58:23.600 --> 58:29.160
-that the also Ucteron was on the phone and the president was having a problem with mathematics
+58:25.540 --> 58:30.380
+that the, oh, so Euchtron was on the phone and the president was having a problem with
 
-58:29.160 --> 58:31.960
-could the provost help him.
+58:30.380 --> 58:33.900
+mathematics, could the provost help him?
 
-58:31.960 --> 58:35.920
+58:33.900 --> 58:37.900
 Those days are gone, I fear.
 
-58:35.920 --> 58:41.640
+58:37.900 --> 58:43.620
 So it was this deep admiration for mathematics and science, as well as his instinctive horror,
 
-58:41.640 --> 58:45.920
+58:43.620 --> 58:47.900
 I think, at the barbarism of the Third Reich, which persuaded him to establish the Dublin
 
-58:45.920 --> 58:51.200
-Institute for Advanced Studies in 2014, and to recruit Erwin Schrodinger as the first
+58:47.900 --> 58:53.180
+Institute for Advanced Studies in 2014 and to recruit Erwin Schrodinger as the first
 
-58:51.200 --> 58:52.920
+58:53.180 --> 58:54.900
 director of its school.
 
-58:52.920 --> 58:55.080
+58:54.900 --> 58:57.060
 So we're talking about the school that he's in.
 
-58:55.080 --> 58:56.960
+58:57.060 --> 58:58.900
 So I might actually skip this.
 
-58:56.960 --> 59:01.880
-I'm sorry if that offends you at all, but maybe this next guy will give a better interest
+58:58.900 --> 59:03.700
+I'm sorry if that offends you at all, but I, maybe this next guy will give a better
 
-59:01.880 --> 59:02.880
-in the introduction.
+59:03.700 --> 59:04.700
+introduction.
 
-59:02.880 --> 59:03.880
+59:04.700 --> 59:05.700
 I don't know.
 
-59:03.880 --> 59:07.280
+59:05.700 --> 59:09.260
 Thank you, Luke, for putting it in context.
 
-59:07.280 --> 59:10.840
+59:09.260 --> 59:12.780
 Now I'm going to give a bit of background about what Schrodinger did on this night in
 
-59:10.840 --> 59:16.000
-February in 1943, and it's no exaggeration to say that what he did that night sparked
+59:12.780 --> 59:17.980
+February in 1943 and it's no exaggeration to say that when he did that night, sparked
 
-59:16.000 --> 59:17.000
+59:17.980 --> 59:18.980
 a revolution.
 
-59:17.000 --> 59:21.560
-He did a ruckus that went off, and we haven't had a few moths in here tonight, for example,
-
-59:21.560 --> 59:24.680
-who depended on Schrodinger's water's life lecture to inspire him, for example.
+59:18.980 --> 59:23.540
+He did a ruckus that went off, and we don't have a few moths in here tonight, for example,
 
-59:24.680 --> 59:25.680
-Oh!
+59:23.540 --> 59:26.660
+who depended on Schrodinger's water life lecture to inspire him, for example.
 
-59:25.680 --> 59:28.000
-Let's all say that we know DNA revolution and agriculture.
+59:26.660 --> 59:27.660
+Oh.
 
-59:28.000 --> 59:29.000
-Wow!
+59:27.660 --> 59:30.780
+It's all the same to say that we know DNA revolution that was natural.
 
-59:29.000 --> 59:33.240
-Well, biotech industry, so as Luke has said a long way away from that time, it gave rise
+59:30.780 --> 59:32.060
+Did we know biotech industry?
 
-59:33.240 --> 59:34.240
-to the whole industry.
+59:32.060 --> 59:36.100
+So as Luke has said, a long way away from that time, it gave rise to the whole industry.
 
-59:34.240 --> 59:36.280
+59:36.100 --> 59:38.220
 So the importance of the lecture is very important.
 
-59:36.280 --> 59:37.840
-Secondly, it was the middle of the second world war.
+59:38.220 --> 59:39.860
+Secondly, it was the image of the second world.
 
-59:37.840 --> 59:38.840
-Holy crap!
+59:39.860 --> 59:40.860
+Holy crap.
 
-59:38.840 --> 59:39.840
+59:40.860 --> 59:41.860
 There was devastation in Europe.
 
-59:39.840 --> 59:42.280
-I swear this is not a difficult thing called Ireland.
+59:41.860 --> 59:44.220
+I swear this is not a little constant called Ireland.
 
-59:42.280 --> 59:43.280
+59:44.220 --> 59:45.220
 This is an actual accident.
 
-59:43.280 --> 59:44.280
-A bit of countable by a kid.
+59:45.220 --> 59:46.220
+I'm not kidding.
 
-59:44.280 --> 59:45.280
+59:46.220 --> 59:47.220
 I'm not kidding.
 
-59:45.280 --> 59:48.360
+59:47.220 --> 59:50.300
 Just like the monks had done in the 8th century with the book of Cales, it's very similar
 
-59:48.360 --> 59:49.360
+59:50.300 --> 59:51.300
 that it happened in Ireland.
 
-59:49.360 --> 59:50.360
-This lecture sparked-
+59:51.300 --> 59:52.300
+This lecture.
 
-59:50.360 --> 59:55.080
-This is so weird, because I just bought this book on somebody's recommendation.
+59:52.300 --> 59:57.060
+This is so weird because I just bought this book on somebody's recommendation.
 
-59:55.080 --> 59:57.600
-And I got a first copy of it.
+59:57.060 --> 59:59.580
+I got a first copy of it.
 
-59:57.600 --> 01:00:01.720
+59:59.580 --> 01:00:03.700
 It's called What Is Life Mind and Matter by Erwin Schrodinger.
 
-01:00:01.720 --> 01:00:06.000
+01:00:03.700 --> 01:00:07.980
 So he's talking about the lecture that this book is based on.
 
-01:00:06.000 --> 01:00:11.760
-I swear on the Bible that I did not know that this was going to-
-
-01:00:11.760 --> 01:00:12.760
-Oh, wow!
-
-01:00:12.760 --> 01:00:13.720
-It is really that book.
+01:00:07.980 --> 01:00:14.860
+I swear on the Bible that I did not know that this was going to, oh, wow, it is really
 
-01:00:13.720 --> 01:00:16.080
-This was published in 67, though.
+01:00:14.860 --> 01:00:15.860
+that book.
 
-01:00:16.080 --> 01:00:18.200
-This edition.
+01:00:15.860 --> 01:00:20.180
+This was published in 67, though, this edition.
 
-01:00:18.200 --> 01:00:19.880
+01:00:20.180 --> 01:00:21.860
 So what?
 
-01:00:19.880 --> 01:00:20.880
+01:00:21.860 --> 01:00:22.860
 Which edition is this?
 
-01:00:20.880 --> 01:00:23.400
+01:00:22.860 --> 01:00:25.340
 It's not the first edition, then.
 
-01:00:24.400 --> 01:00:31.200
-Yeah, the first edition was 44, then reprinted in 45, 48, 51 blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.
+01:00:25.340 --> 01:00:26.340
+Hmm.
 
-01:00:31.200 --> 01:00:33.040
-And then Mind and Matter was this one.
+01:00:27.340 --> 01:00:33.140
+Yeah, the first edition was 44, then reprinted in 45, 48, 51 blah, blah, blah, blah, blah,
 
-01:00:33.040 --> 01:00:34.040
+01:00:33.140 --> 01:00:34.140
+blah, blah.
+
+01:00:34.140 --> 01:00:35.140
+And then mind and matter was this one.
+
+01:00:35.140 --> 01:00:36.140
 Okay.
 
-01:00:34.040 --> 01:00:35.040
+01:00:36.140 --> 01:00:37.140
 Huh.
 
-01:00:35.040 --> 01:00:36.040
+01:00:37.140 --> 01:00:38.140
 So it's two books in this thing.
 
-01:00:36.040 --> 01:00:37.840
+01:00:38.140 --> 01:00:39.820
 I didn't get around to even starting it yet.
 
-01:00:37.840 --> 01:00:38.840
+01:00:39.820 --> 01:00:40.820
 So that's kind of cool.
 
-01:00:38.840 --> 01:00:39.840
+01:00:40.820 --> 01:00:41.820
 Okay.
 
-01:00:39.840 --> 01:00:40.840
-That makes-
-
-01:00:40.840 --> 01:00:41.840
-That makes making me more happy.
-
-01:00:41.840 --> 01:00:44.400
-It sparked a whole revolution and really helped civilization along.
+01:00:41.820 --> 01:00:43.020
+That makes Max making me more happy.
 
-01:00:44.400 --> 01:00:45.880
-And we had a lecture here.
+01:00:43.020 --> 01:00:46.380
+Mark, the whole revolution and really helps civilization along.
 
-01:00:45.880 --> 01:00:46.880
-If I can-
+01:00:46.380 --> 01:00:50.900
+And we had a lecture here, if I can, where's my remote?
 
-01:00:46.880 --> 01:00:48.920
-Now where's my remote?
-
-01:00:48.920 --> 01:00:50.680
+01:00:50.900 --> 01:00:52.660
 So Luca O'Neill's not a good guy.
 
-01:00:50.680 --> 01:00:51.680
+01:00:52.660 --> 01:00:53.660
 That's pretty funny.
 
-01:00:51.680 --> 01:00:52.680
-Ha ha!
-
-01:00:52.680 --> 01:00:53.680
+01:00:53.660 --> 01:00:56.220
 I guess I'm not surprised.
 
-01:00:53.680 --> 01:00:54.680
+01:00:56.220 --> 01:00:57.220
 Hang on.
 
-01:00:54.680 --> 01:00:55.680
+01:00:57.220 --> 01:00:58.220
 I've gone too far.
 
-01:00:55.680 --> 01:00:56.680
+01:00:58.220 --> 01:00:59.220
 Hold on.
 
-01:00:56.680 --> 01:01:02.520
+01:00:59.220 --> 01:01:04.500
 So we had a conference here, actually, in 1993, to commemorate the 40th anniversary
 
-01:01:02.520 --> 01:01:05.360
+01:01:04.500 --> 01:01:07.340
 of this, called What is Life as Well.
 
-01:01:05.360 --> 01:01:06.360
+01:01:07.340 --> 01:01:08.340
 And I got a book out of this.
 
-01:01:06.360 --> 01:01:07.360
-I added this book with-
-
-01:01:07.360 --> 01:01:08.360
-See, the thing is-
+01:01:08.340 --> 01:01:09.340
+I added this book with it.
 
-01:01:08.360 --> 01:01:10.760
-Look, the thing is it's not a hoax, okay?
+01:01:09.340 --> 01:01:12.740
+See, the thing is, look, the thing is it's not a hoax, okay?
 
-01:01:10.760 --> 01:01:11.760
-First of all, let's go-
+01:01:12.740 --> 01:01:13.740
+First of all, let's go.
 
-01:01:11.760 --> 01:01:16.360
+01:01:13.740 --> 01:01:18.340
 I think that's a really good question, is the author of the book in on the hoax.
 
-01:01:16.360 --> 01:01:17.520
+01:01:18.340 --> 01:01:19.500
 This is the book we're talking about.
 
-01:01:17.520 --> 01:01:20.120
-It's actually What is Life and Mind and Matter.
+01:01:19.500 --> 01:01:22.100
+It's actually what is life and mind and matter.
 
-01:01:20.120 --> 01:01:21.960
+01:01:22.100 --> 01:01:23.940
 It's two different books.
 
-01:01:21.960 --> 01:01:24.160
-Like I said, I just got this in the mail, so don't-
+01:01:24.020 --> 01:01:25.660
+Like I said, I just got this in the mail.
 
-01:01:24.160 --> 01:01:28.320
-I'm not pulling this off my bookshelf and claiming I had this and read it all along.
+01:01:25.660 --> 01:01:30.300
+So I'm not pulling this off my bookshelf and claiming I had this and read it all along.
 
-01:01:28.320 --> 01:01:36.240
+01:01:30.300 --> 01:01:38.140
 What I am finding, though, and that's what I do have this bookshelf for, is what I am
 
-01:01:36.240 --> 01:01:43.120
-finding- I won't roll it into the screen now, though, but what I am finding are many,
+01:01:38.140 --> 01:01:45.420
+finding, I won't roll it into the screen now, though, but what I am finding are many, many
+
+01:01:45.420 --> 01:01:46.420
+books.
+
+01:01:46.420 --> 01:01:47.420
+Sorry.
 
-01:01:43.120 --> 01:01:44.120
-many books-
+01:01:47.420 --> 01:01:48.420
+I don't know what you could.
 
-01:01:44.120 --> 01:01:48.000
-Sorry, I don't know what you could- Oh yeah, I was standing on that camera.
+01:01:48.420 --> 01:01:49.420
+Oh, yeah.
 
-01:01:48.000 --> 01:01:54.360
-Many, many books where- Here's Yona Salk, survival of the wisest.
+01:01:49.420 --> 01:01:50.420
+I was standing on that camera.
 
-01:01:54.360 --> 01:01:56.800
-That's a book you ought to read, because that one's shocking.
+01:01:51.420 --> 01:01:56.340
+Books where here's Jonas Salk, survival of the wisest.
 
-01:01:56.800 --> 01:02:00.000
-Molecular Vision of Life by Lily Kay.
+01:01:56.340 --> 01:01:58.780
+That's a book you ought to read because that one's shocking.
 
-01:02:00.000 --> 01:02:04.360
+01:01:58.780 --> 01:02:01.980
+Molecular vision of life by Lily Kay.
+
+01:02:01.980 --> 01:02:06.340
 And this was one that I was adding to that same shelf.
 
-01:02:04.360 --> 01:02:11.000
+01:02:06.340 --> 01:02:12.980
 There have been lots of people who have been thinking about what humankind should do with
 
-01:02:11.000 --> 01:02:14.160
+01:02:12.980 --> 01:02:16.140
 the knowledge that we now have.
 
-01:02:14.160 --> 01:02:17.960
-This book here, this book by Yona Salk- I don't know if you ever heard of Yona Salk.
+01:02:16.140 --> 01:02:20.100
+This book here, this book by Jonas Salk, I don't know if you've ever heard of Jonas
 
-01:02:18.960 --> 01:02:25.480
-This book argues that now that we know that we are subject to evolutionary pressures,
+01:02:20.100 --> 01:02:26.740
+Salk, this book argues that now that we know that we are subject to evolutionary
 
-01:02:25.480 --> 01:02:33.200
-now that we know how traits are passed from generation to generation, isn't it our obligation
+01:02:26.740 --> 01:02:33.900
+pressures, now that we know how traits are passed from, from, from generation and generation,
 
-01:02:33.200 --> 01:02:37.640
-to use that knowledge?
+01:02:33.900 --> 01:02:39.700
+isn't it our obligation to use that knowledge?
 
-01:02:37.640 --> 01:02:41.440
+01:02:39.700 --> 01:02:43.420
 Isn't it our obligation as a species to use that knowledge?
 
-01:02:41.440 --> 01:02:47.280
+01:02:43.420 --> 01:02:49.300
 Shouldn't we think as a species when we can, even if all other species can't?
 
-01:02:47.280 --> 01:02:49.960
-That's what this freaking book's about.
-
-01:02:49.960 --> 01:02:54.040
-And so where do those ideas lead us?
+01:02:49.300 --> 01:02:51.940
+That's what this freaking books about.
 
-01:02:54.040 --> 01:02:56.080
-You can do that.
+01:02:51.940 --> 01:02:56.060
+And so where do those, where do those ideas lead us?
 
-01:02:56.080 --> 01:02:58.600
-Use that model in your head very easy.
+01:02:56.060 --> 01:03:00.620
+You can, you can do that, use that model in your head very easy.
 
-01:02:58.600 --> 01:03:04.360
+01:03:00.620 --> 01:03:06.340
 And I suspect that there's a lot to do with this too, because again, once we understand
 
-01:03:04.360 --> 01:03:08.800
+01:03:06.340 --> 01:03:10.820
 how our genome works, don't we have an obligation to augment it?
 
-01:03:08.800 --> 01:03:11.840
+01:03:10.820 --> 01:03:13.860
 Don't we have an obligation to improve it?
 
-01:03:11.840 --> 01:03:17.160
-In fact, wouldn't that be part of the natural process of evolution if we did that to ourselves
+01:03:13.860 --> 01:03:17.940
+In fact, wouldn't that be part of the natural process of evolution?
 
-01:03:17.160 --> 01:03:22.840
-because this is the argument that they make, which just completes the circle and outside
+01:03:17.940 --> 01:03:22.860
+If we did that to ourselves, this is the argument that they make, which just completes
 
-01:03:22.840 --> 01:03:26.920
-of that circle is everything sacred.
+01:03:22.860 --> 01:03:28.860
+the circle and outside of that circle is everything sacred.
 
-01:03:26.920 --> 01:03:32.760
+01:03:28.860 --> 01:03:34.740
 To me, it's extraordinary because it doesn't, you don't have to read a lot of books to find
 
-01:03:32.760 --> 01:03:39.480
+01:03:34.740 --> 01:03:41.420
 out that it's a very, very common theme among the highest echelons of these thinkers.
 
-01:03:39.480 --> 01:03:44.280
+01:03:41.420 --> 01:03:46.260
 That the conclusion is that if we are an exceptional species with exceptional knowledge of ourselves,
 
-01:03:44.280 --> 01:03:48.400
+01:03:46.260 --> 01:03:50.380
 an exceptional knowledge of the universe, it doesn't that come with some moral obligation
 
-01:03:48.400 --> 01:03:49.400
+01:03:50.380 --> 01:03:51.380
 to use it?
 
-01:03:49.400 --> 01:03:53.520
+01:03:51.380 --> 01:03:55.500
 And then how should we use it?
 
-01:03:53.520 --> 01:03:58.600
+01:03:55.500 --> 01:04:00.580
 And does the rights of an individual really factor into how we use that knowledge on a
 
-01:03:58.600 --> 01:03:59.600
+01:04:00.580 --> 01:04:01.580
 species-wide scale?
 
-01:03:59.600 --> 01:04:00.600
+01:04:01.580 --> 01:04:02.580
 I don't know.
 
-01:04:00.600 --> 01:04:04.160
+01:04:02.580 --> 01:04:06.140
 These people don't think so.
 
-01:04:04.160 --> 01:04:05.160
+01:04:06.140 --> 01:04:07.140
 And so this is cool.
 
-01:04:05.160 --> 01:04:08.120
+01:04:07.140 --> 01:04:10.100
 I'm really excited to hear what Craig's got to say now, because now I know.
 
-01:04:08.120 --> 01:04:11.680
-Take Murphy, a colleague of mine in biochemistry, who said that water's life lecture happened
+01:04:10.100 --> 01:04:13.660
+I think Murphy, a colleague of mine in biochemistry, who said that water's life lecture happened
 
-01:04:11.680 --> 01:04:12.680
+01:04:13.660 --> 01:04:14.660
 in Trinity.
 
-01:04:12.680 --> 01:04:13.680
-Many of us went away over that.
+01:04:14.660 --> 01:04:15.660
+Many of us weren't aware of that.
 
-01:04:13.760 --> 01:04:15.560
+01:04:15.740 --> 01:04:17.460
 But the book, we were to where it was done in Trinity.
 
-01:04:15.560 --> 01:04:16.760
+01:04:17.460 --> 01:04:18.780
 And we published a book.
 
-01:04:16.760 --> 01:04:20.280
+01:04:18.780 --> 01:04:22.300
 We edited a book with all these great speakers, came to the conference that were the conference
 
-01:04:20.280 --> 01:04:21.280
+01:04:22.300 --> 01:04:23.300
 proceedings.
 
-01:04:21.280 --> 01:04:22.280
-And just the impact.
+01:04:23.300 --> 01:04:27.540
+And just the impact, it was translated into 17 languages amazingly, this proceedings of
 
-01:04:22.280 --> 01:04:27.400
-It was translated into 17 languages amazingly, this proceedings of this event in 1993.
+01:04:27.540 --> 01:04:29.380
+this event in 1993.
 
-01:04:27.400 --> 01:04:32.000
+01:04:29.380 --> 01:04:33.980
 And very importantly, we got all the people who spoke at it to sign the book.
 
-01:04:32.000 --> 01:04:34.160
+01:04:33.980 --> 01:04:36.140
 This is the names that came here in 1993.
 
-01:04:34.160 --> 01:04:35.160
+01:04:36.140 --> 01:04:37.140
 And you see them here.
 
-01:04:35.160 --> 01:04:36.160
+01:04:37.140 --> 01:04:38.140
 They're all very famous people.
 
-01:04:36.160 --> 01:04:41.280
-John Maynard Smith, Stuart Kauffman, Roger Penrose, Christian Doode, Stephen Jay Gould,
+01:04:38.140 --> 01:04:43.260
+John Maynard Smith, Stuart Kauffman, Roger Penrose, Christian Doudve, Stephen Jay Gould,
 
-01:04:41.280 --> 01:04:42.280
-Gerald Edelman, Jared Diamond.
+01:04:43.260 --> 01:04:44.820
+Gerald Adelman, Jared Diamond.
 
-01:04:42.280 --> 01:04:44.640
+01:04:44.820 --> 01:04:46.820
 The next speaker will get better with audio.
 
-01:04:44.640 --> 01:04:45.640
-This is a part of his ebay.
+01:04:46.820 --> 01:04:47.820
+This is before there's eBay.
 
-01:04:45.640 --> 01:04:47.680
+01:04:47.820 --> 01:04:49.660
 I would have auctioned it by now.
 
-01:04:47.680 --> 01:04:49.400
+01:04:49.660 --> 01:04:51.420
 And that was the water's life version in 1993.
 
-01:04:49.400 --> 01:04:51.360
+01:04:51.420 --> 01:04:53.340
 So that just shows you all these people turned up.
 
-01:04:51.360 --> 01:04:54.920
+01:04:53.340 --> 01:04:56.900
 Me and Mike Murphy in our mid-20s invited them when they all came along.
 
-01:04:54.920 --> 01:04:56.000
+01:04:56.900 --> 01:04:57.980
 And it was a great celebration.
 
-01:04:56.000 --> 01:05:00.560
+01:04:57.980 --> 01:05:02.460
 Now, I show this because one of the speakers, Jared Diamond, is a very famous writer.
 
-01:05:00.560 --> 01:05:03.400
-I wrote a great book called The Third Shimp on Z, and I read it.
+01:05:02.460 --> 01:05:04.940
+He wrote a great book called The Third Shimp on Zia Maynard Rediff.
 
-01:05:03.400 --> 01:05:07.360
-Myself and Patty Cunningham for Esauff invited Jared to come.
+01:05:04.940 --> 01:05:09.340
+And myself and Patty Cunningham for Esauff invited Jared to come.
 
-01:05:07.360 --> 01:05:08.720
+01:05:09.340 --> 01:05:10.700
 And he wrote this nice letter back.
 
-01:05:08.720 --> 01:05:12.160
+01:05:10.700 --> 01:05:14.140
 He said, apologies, but I'm unable to accept your invitation.
 
-01:05:12.160 --> 01:05:15.960
+01:05:14.140 --> 01:05:18.060
 Are you the Luca O'Neill who organized the What is Life Symposium in Trinity some years
 
-01:05:15.960 --> 01:05:16.960
+01:05:18.060 --> 01:05:19.060
 back?
 
-01:05:16.960 --> 01:05:21.560
+01:05:19.060 --> 01:05:23.540
 Or to remember at the dinner, your co-organizer reaching over and taking some of your food,
 
-01:05:21.560 --> 01:05:26.320
+01:05:23.540 --> 01:05:28.300
 a common sign of intimacy among primates.
 
-01:05:26.320 --> 01:05:28.040
+01:05:28.300 --> 01:05:30.020
 Did that person become your wife?
 
-01:05:28.040 --> 01:05:29.040
+01:05:30.020 --> 01:05:31.020
 And she did?
 
-01:05:29.040 --> 01:05:30.520
+01:05:31.020 --> 01:05:32.020
 And she's here somewhere, Margaret.
 
-01:05:30.520 --> 01:05:31.520
+01:05:32.020 --> 01:05:33.020
 There she is.
 
-01:05:31.520 --> 01:05:36.520
-Round of applause for Margaret.
+01:05:33.020 --> 01:05:38.500
+Random applause for Margaret.
 
-01:05:36.520 --> 01:05:43.400
-At the time, my girlfriend, Margaret was the official photographer of the event.
+01:05:39.500 --> 01:05:45.380
+At the time, my girlfriend, now Margaret was the official photographer of the event.
 
-01:05:43.400 --> 01:05:44.400
+01:05:45.380 --> 01:05:46.380
 And this is the Japanese translation.
 
-01:05:44.400 --> 01:05:45.400
+01:05:46.380 --> 01:05:47.380
 There's all the speakers.
 
-01:05:45.400 --> 01:05:46.400
+01:05:47.380 --> 01:05:48.380
 There's Margaret Whirl.
 
-01:05:46.400 --> 01:05:49.400
-They couldn't translate her name into Japanese, but there's all the speakers.
+01:05:48.380 --> 01:05:50.380
+They couldn't translate her name into Japanese.
+
+01:05:50.380 --> 01:05:51.380
+But there's all the speakers.
 
-01:05:49.400 --> 01:05:51.440
+01:05:51.380 --> 01:05:53.420
 So Jared Diamond is obviously a very peculiar man.
 
-01:05:51.440 --> 01:05:53.880
+01:05:53.420 --> 01:05:55.860
 We're already happy to get that letter from him.
 
-01:05:53.880 --> 01:05:56.960
+01:05:55.860 --> 01:05:58.900
 Now let's get back to the matter in hand, though.
 
-01:05:56.960 --> 01:06:00.760
+01:05:58.900 --> 01:06:02.740
 In the book What is Life, showing her opens with this great sentence, really.
 
-01:06:00.760 --> 01:06:03.640
-He said he gave the lecture in dubs, and he points that out.
+01:06:02.740 --> 01:06:05.580
+He said he gave the lecture in dubs and he points that out.
 
-01:06:03.640 --> 01:06:07.640
+01:06:05.580 --> 01:06:09.740
 And he said the subject matter was a difficult one, and the lectures could not be turned popular,
 
-01:06:07.640 --> 01:06:11.880
+01:06:09.740 --> 01:06:14.300
 even though the physicist's most dreaded weapon, mathematical deduction, would hardly be used.
 
-01:06:11.880 --> 01:06:14.160
+01:06:14.300 --> 01:06:16.140
 And he was a fantastic communicator.
 
-01:06:14.160 --> 01:06:18.760
-The book was written with crystal clear prose, and inspired people like Jim Watson, Seymour
+01:06:16.140 --> 01:06:20.740
+The book was written with crystal clear prose and inspired people like Jim Watson, Seymour
 
-01:06:18.760 --> 01:06:21.120
+01:06:20.740 --> 01:06:23.060
 Benzer, Leslie Orgel, Francis Crick.
 
-01:06:21.120 --> 01:06:24.920
-All of these great giants of Mannequilobaji said they read the book, and they were inspired.
+01:06:23.060 --> 01:06:26.860
+All of these great giants of Maniculobaji said they read the book and they were inspired.
 
-01:06:24.920 --> 01:06:27.400
+01:06:26.860 --> 01:06:29.380
 And of course, the question is what inspired him in the first place.
 
-01:06:27.400 --> 01:06:31.360
+01:06:29.380 --> 01:06:33.340
 There's the book, of course, when it came out, and it says in the page, given in Trinity
 
-01:06:31.360 --> 01:06:36.360
+01:06:33.340 --> 01:06:38.340
 County's Dublin, this is the 1943 edition, but what's interesting is Louis Lebrocki became
 
-01:06:36.360 --> 01:06:40.560
-a big friend of Schrodinger, and turned up with the lectures, and sketched a picture
+01:06:38.340 --> 01:06:41.700
+a big friend of Schrodinger, and turned up with the lectures.
 
-01:06:40.560 --> 01:06:43.640
-of Schrodinger during the lecture, which we couldn't get our hands on for this, but later
+01:06:41.700 --> 01:06:44.580
+And sketched a picture of Schrodinger during the lecture, which we couldn't get our hands
 
-01:06:43.640 --> 01:06:46.200
-on, then did a beautiful, typical Lebrocki party.
+01:06:44.580 --> 01:06:48.220
+on for this, but later on, then did a beautiful, typical Lebrocki party.
 
-01:06:46.200 --> 01:06:50.440
+01:06:48.220 --> 01:06:52.420
 So Schrodinger was very popular in Dublin, many friends, many artists, including Lebrocki.
 
-01:06:50.440 --> 01:06:54.640
+01:06:52.420 --> 01:06:56.620
 And of course, here's a great picture, I think, from the Royal Arts Academy in 1942.
 
-01:06:54.640 --> 01:06:58.840
+01:06:56.620 --> 01:07:00.820
 Here's Devallera, here's Schrodinger, here's Paul Dirac, who won the Nobel Prize with Schrodinger
 
-01:06:58.840 --> 01:06:59.840
+01:07:00.820 --> 01:07:01.820
 outside the Royal Academy.
 
-01:06:59.840 --> 01:07:04.440
-There's a worrying number of pre-sterial notice in the background, but that was a conference
+01:07:01.820 --> 01:07:05.700
+There's a worrying number of pre-sterial notice in the background.
 
-01:07:04.440 --> 01:07:06.320
-that was held in Dublin when he can invite his friends.
+01:07:05.700 --> 01:07:08.300
+But that was a conference that was held in Dublin when he can invite his friends.
 
-01:07:06.320 --> 01:07:08.040
+01:07:08.300 --> 01:07:09.980
 So this was the inspiration for what is life.
 
-01:07:08.040 --> 01:07:13.720
+01:07:09.980 --> 01:07:15.700
 A paper had come out in 1938 by a guy called Max Delbrocki, a very famous biochemist, my
 
-01:07:13.720 --> 01:07:14.720
-lack of no biologist.
+01:07:15.700 --> 01:07:16.700
+lack of a biologist.
 
-01:07:14.720 --> 01:07:17.920
-And in this paper, what they were doing is that they were radiating fruit flies with
+01:07:16.700 --> 01:07:20.940
+And in this paper, what they were doing is that they were radiating fruit flies at radiation,
 
-01:07:17.920 --> 01:07:22.280
-radiation, fruit flies, and we heard about fruit flies yesterday from a dual half man.
+01:07:20.940 --> 01:07:24.380
+fruit flies, and we heard about fruit flies yesterday from a dual half man, and they were
 
-01:07:22.280 --> 01:07:26.840
-And they were trying to quantify the smallest amount of radiation to cause a change in the
+01:07:24.380 --> 01:07:29.460
+trying to quantify the smallest amount of radiation to cause a change in the phenotype,
 
-01:07:26.840 --> 01:07:28.440
-phenotype, the trait of the fly.
+01:07:29.460 --> 01:07:30.460
+the trait of the fly.
 
-01:07:28.440 --> 01:07:29.440
+01:07:30.460 --> 01:07:31.460
 Wow.
 
-01:07:29.440 --> 01:07:32.040
-So it's a small amount of radiation, and they got maybe the wings change.
+01:07:31.460 --> 01:07:34.060
+So it's a small amount of radiation, and they've got maybe the wings change.
 
-01:07:32.040 --> 01:07:33.040
+01:07:34.060 --> 01:07:35.060
 Wow.
 
-01:07:33.040 --> 01:07:36.240
-And from that, they said, a gene must be a thousand atoms big.
+01:07:35.060 --> 01:07:38.260
+From that, they said a gene must be a thousand atoms big.
 
-01:07:36.240 --> 01:07:37.240
+01:07:38.260 --> 01:07:39.260
 Wow.
 
-01:07:37.240 --> 01:07:39.280
+01:07:39.260 --> 01:07:41.260
 Do you hear how dumb that is?
 
-01:07:39.280 --> 01:07:40.760
+01:07:41.260 --> 01:07:42.740
 Can you hear that?
 
-01:07:40.760 --> 01:07:45.760
+01:07:42.740 --> 01:07:47.540
 This is the same thing that Mark has been on for a long time, the radiation, nuclear
 
-01:07:45.760 --> 01:07:54.320
+01:07:47.540 --> 01:07:56.300
 energy, mutating genes, and mutation being the primary source of evolutionary change.
 
-01:07:54.320 --> 01:07:59.480
-The idea was using radiation to mutate humans, to make super humans rotary.
+01:07:56.300 --> 01:08:01.460
+The idea was using radiation to mutate humans to make superhumans rotary.
 
-01:07:59.480 --> 01:08:03.760
-This was a way of trying to understand how evolution worked.
+01:08:01.460 --> 01:08:06.540
+This was a way of trying to understand how evolution worked, and they thought that they
 
-01:08:03.760 --> 01:08:09.080
-And they thought that they could irradiate genomes and increase the rate of evolution.
+01:08:06.540 --> 01:08:11.060
+could irradiate genomes and increase the rate of evolution.
 
-01:08:09.080 --> 01:08:12.480
+01:08:11.060 --> 01:08:14.460
 They actually thought this.
 
-01:08:12.480 --> 01:08:18.600
-These are this is from the pool of bad ideas from which our current understanding of biology
+01:08:14.460 --> 01:08:20.580
+These are, this is from the pool of bad ideas from which our current understanding of biology
 
-01:08:18.600 --> 01:08:20.880
+01:08:20.580 --> 01:08:22.860
 grows.
 
-01:08:20.880 --> 01:08:26.920
+01:08:22.860 --> 01:08:28.900
 So we need to understand this pool very well, who are never going to understand why this
 
-01:08:26.920 --> 01:08:31.160
+01:08:28.900 --> 01:08:33.140
 tree that we call biology is so misshapen.
 
-01:08:31.160 --> 01:08:32.160
+01:08:33.140 --> 01:08:34.140
 It's wonderful.
 
-01:08:32.160 --> 01:08:33.400
+01:08:34.140 --> 01:08:35.380
 I can't believe it.
 
-01:08:33.400 --> 01:08:35.680
-A mutation in a molecule, that size.
+01:08:35.380 --> 01:08:37.660
+A mutation in a molecule that size.
 
-01:08:35.680 --> 01:08:39.360
-Shoring a red that paper, I was inspired to give his lectures, and he says in what it's
+01:08:37.660 --> 01:08:41.220
+Shoring around that paper, I was inspired to give his lectures, and he says in what
 
-01:08:39.360 --> 01:08:44.360
-like, the target for which the ionization radiation is about a thousand atoms big.
+01:08:41.220 --> 01:08:46.340
+it's like, the target for which the ionization radiation is about a thousand atoms big.
 
-01:08:44.360 --> 01:08:47.000
+01:08:46.340 --> 01:08:48.980
 We believe a gene to be an aperiodic crystal.
 
-01:08:47.000 --> 01:08:48.000
+01:08:48.980 --> 01:08:49.980
 Very important.
 
-01:08:48.000 --> 01:08:52.000
-The gene must be stable, so it must be a crystal, it must have information, so it's
+01:08:49.980 --> 01:08:55.020
+The gene must be stable, it must be a crystal, it must have information, so it's aperiodic,
 
-01:08:52.000 --> 01:08:54.880
-aperiodic, and that was the phrase he coined.
+01:08:55.020 --> 01:08:56.900
+and that was the phrase he coined.
 
-01:08:54.880 --> 01:08:58.320
+01:08:56.900 --> 01:09:00.340
 And then he says it's the chromosome that contains some kind of code script, and that
 
-01:08:58.320 --> 01:09:02.960
+01:09:00.340 --> 01:09:04.940
 was the first time ever the term genetic code was used on this stage in 1943.
 
-01:09:02.960 --> 01:09:03.960
+01:09:04.940 --> 01:09:05.940
 So that's kind of cool.
 
-01:09:03.960 --> 01:09:05.600
-So those all come from this book.
+01:09:05.940 --> 01:09:08.820
+So those all come from this book, that's what's really neat about it.
 
-01:09:05.600 --> 01:09:06.840
-That's what's really neat about it.
-
-01:09:06.840 --> 01:09:11.840
+01:09:08.820 --> 01:09:13.820
 So let me read what he cited there, because it's actually funny that he didn't read the
 
-01:09:11.840 --> 01:09:13.320
+01:09:13.820 --> 01:09:15.340
 whole quote.
 
-01:09:13.320 --> 01:09:15.240
+01:09:15.340 --> 01:09:17.220
 Maybe the next guy will read the whole quote.
 
-01:09:15.240 --> 01:09:19.400
+01:09:17.220 --> 01:09:21.340
 So he said that the book starts with a quote.
 
-01:09:19.400 --> 01:09:23.680
-This is the preface, and this is chapter one.
-
-01:09:23.680 --> 01:09:30.120
-And large and important and very much discussed question is how can the events in space time,
+01:09:21.340 --> 01:09:28.780
+This is the preface, and this is chapter one, and large and important and very much discussed
 
-01:09:30.120 --> 01:09:36.960
-which take place within the spatial boundary of a living organism be accounted for by physics
+01:09:28.780 --> 01:09:34.500
+question is, how can the events in space time, which take place within the spatial boundary
 
-01:09:36.960 --> 01:09:41.960
-and chemistry?
+01:09:34.500 --> 01:09:43.900
+of a living organism be accounted for by physics and chemistry?
 
-01:09:41.960 --> 01:09:46.240
-The next page says the preliminary answer, which is the little, which this little book
+01:09:43.900 --> 01:09:48.260
+And the next page says the preliminary answer, which is the little, which this little book
 
-01:09:46.240 --> 01:09:51.120
+01:09:48.260 --> 01:09:53.140
 will endeavor to expound and establish can be summarized as follows.
 
-01:09:51.120 --> 01:09:57.320
+01:09:53.140 --> 01:09:59.340
 The obvious inability of present day physics and chemistry to account for such events is
 
-01:09:57.320 --> 01:10:03.280
+01:09:59.340 --> 01:10:05.300
 no reason at all for doubting that they can be accounted for by those sciences.
 
-01:10:03.280 --> 01:10:09.040
+01:10:05.300 --> 01:10:11.060
 In other words, just because chemistry and physics can't explain life now, there's no
 
-01:10:09.040 --> 01:10:13.760
+01:10:11.060 --> 01:10:15.780
 reason to believe that in the future chemistry and physics can't explain it.
 
-01:10:13.760 --> 01:10:16.320
-Therefore, there is no sacred.
+01:10:15.780 --> 01:10:20.780
+Therefore, there is no sacred, there is no irreducible complexity.
 
-01:10:16.320 --> 01:10:18.760
-There is no irreducible complexity.
-
-01:10:18.760 --> 01:10:25.240
+01:10:20.780 --> 01:10:27.260
 There are no emergent properties that come above and past chemistry and physics that
 
-01:10:25.240 --> 01:10:28.640
+01:10:27.260 --> 01:10:30.620
 only occur in living systems in living patterns.
 
-01:10:28.640 --> 01:10:30.720
+01:10:30.620 --> 01:10:32.700
 There's nothing like that.
 
-01:10:30.720 --> 01:10:36.200
+01:10:32.700 --> 01:10:38.220
 We are a chemical soup obeying physical laws.
 
-01:10:36.200 --> 01:10:39.360
+01:10:38.220 --> 01:10:41.340
 And therefore, we are not sacred.
 
-01:10:39.360 --> 01:10:42.240
+01:10:41.340 --> 01:10:44.220
 And so that's where this book starts.
 
-01:10:42.240 --> 01:10:47.240
+01:10:44.220 --> 01:10:49.220
 That's where this guy is starting from, from the perspective of understanding DNA and the
 
-01:10:47.240 --> 01:10:49.800
+01:10:49.220 --> 01:10:51.820
 human genome and the human pattern integrity.
 
-01:10:49.800 --> 01:10:54.200
+01:10:51.820 --> 01:10:56.180
 Of course, we now know the genetic color was the go away to describe this.
 
-01:10:54.200 --> 01:10:58.520
+01:10:56.180 --> 01:11:00.500
 Now, mind you, the only thing is two thirds of the book was not about genes at all.
 
-01:10:58.520 --> 01:10:59.520
+01:11:00.500 --> 01:11:01.500
 It was about thermodynamics.
 
-01:10:59.520 --> 01:11:02.360
+01:11:01.500 --> 01:11:04.340
 And he had this awful diagram.
 
-01:11:02.360 --> 01:11:03.360
+01:11:04.340 --> 01:11:05.340
 And that's been neglected.
 
-01:11:03.360 --> 01:11:04.360
+01:11:05.340 --> 01:11:06.340
 It's amazing.
 
-01:11:04.360 --> 01:11:06.080
-The length of what his life was DNA.
+01:11:06.340 --> 01:11:08.060
+And for what his life was DNA.
 
-01:11:06.080 --> 01:11:08.880
+01:11:08.060 --> 01:11:10.860
 The thermodynamics was kind of forgotten about, I guess, and people often forget that we've
 
-01:11:08.880 --> 01:11:11.880
+01:11:10.860 --> 01:11:13.860
 still worked to do on the thermodynamics of living systems.
 
-01:11:11.880 --> 01:11:14.520
+01:11:13.860 --> 01:11:16.500
 And there is the structure of DNA that came out, of course.
 
-01:11:14.520 --> 01:11:17.960
-And then we had the famous Watson and Crick paper, and I'd say Jim will speak a bit later
+01:11:16.500 --> 01:11:18.300
+And then we had the famous Watson and Crick paper.
 
-01:11:17.960 --> 01:11:19.600
-to describe the structure of DNA.
+01:11:18.300 --> 01:11:21.580
+And I'd say Jim will speak a bit later to describe the structure of DNA.
 
-01:11:19.600 --> 01:11:26.320
+01:11:21.580 --> 01:11:28.300
 But very importantly, Francis Crick writes to Schrodinger in Tlantarff with a reprint
 
-01:11:26.320 --> 01:11:27.320
+01:11:28.300 --> 01:11:29.300
 of the paper.
 
-01:11:27.320 --> 01:11:28.320
+01:11:29.300 --> 01:11:30.300
 Isn't that amazing?
 
-01:11:28.320 --> 01:11:32.120
+01:11:30.300 --> 01:11:34.100
 And he says here, me and Watson, we know we were very influenced by what is life.
 
-01:11:32.120 --> 01:11:34.480
+01:11:34.100 --> 01:11:36.460
 He said, we thought you'd be interested in the enclosed reprints.
 
-01:11:34.480 --> 01:11:37.440
+01:11:36.460 --> 01:11:39.380
 This is the key reprint of all biology and history.
 
-01:11:37.440 --> 01:11:41.080
+01:11:39.380 --> 01:11:43.060
 And he said, we think your term aperiodic crystal will be a very apt one.
 
-01:11:41.080 --> 01:11:44.360
-And that shows you the influence of this very important lecture in Schrodinger.
+01:11:43.060 --> 01:11:47.060
+And that shows you the influence of this very important lecture and showed you a good aperiodic
 
-01:11:44.360 --> 01:11:46.640
-Aperiodic crystal does describe DNA.
+01:11:47.060 --> 01:11:48.620
+crystal does describe DNA.
 
-01:11:46.640 --> 01:11:50.640
+01:11:48.620 --> 01:11:52.660
 Now, the last thing I want to say before we hand over to our honored guest is, Flano
 
-01:11:50.640 --> 01:11:53.040
+01:11:52.660 --> 01:11:55.020
 Bryan got involved inevitably.
 
-01:11:53.040 --> 01:11:55.200
+01:11:55.020 --> 01:11:57.180
 And he became friends with Schrodinger, and they kind of hit it off.
 
-01:11:55.200 --> 01:11:58.920
+01:11:57.180 --> 01:12:00.900
 And the third policeman, as you may know, involves the molecular exchange theory and
 
-01:11:58.920 --> 01:11:59.920
+01:12:00.900 --> 01:12:01.900
 so on.
 
-01:12:00.000 --> 01:12:04.760
-And in 1942, before that, what is life lecture, Schrodinger gave a public lecture on the Heisenberg
+01:12:01.980 --> 01:12:06.780
+And in 1942, before the, what is life lecture, Schrodinger gave a public lecture on the Heisenberg
 
-01:12:04.760 --> 01:12:08.080
+01:12:06.780 --> 01:12:10.100
 uncertainty principle, right, and Flano Bryan was in the audience.
 
-01:12:08.080 --> 01:12:13.040
+01:12:10.100 --> 01:12:15.060
 There was a second professor in the D.I.A.S. at the time in Celtic studies, because Devilair
 
-01:12:13.040 --> 01:12:15.520
+01:12:15.060 --> 01:12:17.500
 had two hobbies, Irish history and mathematics.
 
-01:12:15.520 --> 01:12:19.600
-And they appointed a chair in Celtic studies, a guy called O'Rally and Schrodinger.
+01:12:17.500 --> 01:12:21.580
+And they appointed a chair in Celtic studies, a guy called O'Reilly and Schrodinger.
 
-01:12:19.600 --> 01:12:23.080
-And O'Rally spoke, he was an expert on St. Patrick.
+01:12:21.580 --> 01:12:25.060
+And O'Reilly spoke, he was an expert on St. Patrick.
 
-01:12:23.080 --> 01:12:25.640
+01:12:25.060 --> 01:12:27.620
 And he said there was a historical record that there were two, St. Patrick's.
 
-01:12:25.640 --> 01:12:26.640
+01:12:27.620 --> 01:12:28.620
 And this is true.
 
-01:12:26.640 --> 01:12:30.840
+01:12:28.620 --> 01:12:32.820
 Same from Rome, called Palladius, and one from Wales, called Patricius.
 
-01:12:30.840 --> 01:12:34.080
+01:12:32.820 --> 01:12:36.060
 And then Schrodinger gets up and he talks about the quantum world, the uncertainty of
 
-01:12:34.080 --> 01:12:35.080
+01:12:36.060 --> 01:12:37.580
 existence, you know.
 
-01:12:35.080 --> 01:12:39.600
-And the next thing in the Irish times, Flano Bryan writes the funniest science joke on
-
-01:12:39.600 --> 01:12:40.600
-record.
+01:12:37.580 --> 01:12:43.380
+And the next thing in the Irish times, Flano Bryan writes the funniest science joke on record.
 
-01:12:40.600 --> 01:12:45.720
+01:12:43.380 --> 01:12:47.740
 The Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, with its strange combination of Celtic history
 
-01:12:45.720 --> 01:12:50.000
+01:12:47.740 --> 01:12:51.580
 and cosmic physics, has proven that there were two St. Patrick's and no God.
 
-01:12:50.000 --> 01:12:54.120
+01:12:51.580 --> 01:12:56.140
 And I was just fine, that's very funny.
 
-01:12:54.120 --> 01:12:57.240
-And that's a round of applause to Flano Bryan, even though he isn't here.
+01:12:56.140 --> 01:12:59.220
+And that's a round of applause for Flano Bryan, even though he isn't here.
 
-01:12:57.240 --> 01:12:58.320
+01:12:59.220 --> 01:13:00.300
 What a wonderful phrase.
 
-01:12:58.320 --> 01:13:00.720
+01:13:00.300 --> 01:13:02.700
 So this just shows you the influence Schrodinger had.
 
-01:13:00.720 --> 01:13:04.480
+01:13:02.700 --> 01:13:06.460
 And now it gives me a great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for tonight.
 
-01:13:04.480 --> 01:13:08.320
+01:13:06.460 --> 01:13:10.300
 And no finer person could we have for this task to reflect on Schrodinger.
 
-01:13:08.320 --> 01:13:10.160
-And of course, he's here for Esoph as well.
+01:13:10.300 --> 01:13:12.140
+And of course he's here for Esauf as well.
 
-01:13:10.160 --> 01:13:14.760
-And I'd like you to welcome Craig Venter, who's going to speak about what is life, a 21st
+01:13:12.140 --> 01:13:15.740
+And I'd like you to welcome Craig Venter, who's going to speak about what is life,
 
-01:13:14.760 --> 01:13:15.760
-century perspective.
+01:13:15.740 --> 01:13:17.580
+a 21st century perspective.
 
-01:13:15.760 --> 01:13:16.760
+01:13:17.580 --> 01:13:18.580
 Craig.
 
-01:13:16.760 --> 01:13:40.800
-Well, thank you for that wonderful layup for this exciting event, and Teischach and
+01:13:18.580 --> 01:13:41.220
+Well, thank you for that wonderful layup for this exciting event.
 
-01:13:40.800 --> 01:13:45.880
-Provost, distinguished guests, family and friends.
+01:13:41.220 --> 01:13:47.860
+And Teischach and Provost, distinguished guests, family and friends.
 
-01:13:45.880 --> 01:13:50.880
+01:13:47.860 --> 01:13:52.860
 It's indeed an honor to be here for this event.
 
-01:13:50.880 --> 01:13:56.600
+01:13:52.860 --> 01:13:58.580
 And I was asked earlier whether the goal is to dissect what Schrodinger had spoken about
 
-01:13:56.600 --> 01:14:01.600
+01:13:58.580 --> 01:14:03.580
 and written, or to present the new summary.
 
-01:14:01.600 --> 01:14:08.360
+01:14:03.580 --> 01:14:10.340
 And I always like to be forward looking, so I won't give you a history lesson, except
 
-01:14:08.360 --> 01:14:09.360
+01:14:10.340 --> 01:14:11.340
 for very briefly.
 
-01:14:09.360 --> 01:14:14.240
+01:14:11.340 --> 01:14:16.220
 I will present our findings first on reading the genetic code and then learning to synthesize
 
-01:14:14.240 --> 01:14:15.240
+01:14:16.220 --> 01:14:17.220
 and write the genetic code.
 
-01:14:15.240 --> 01:14:20.200
+01:14:17.220 --> 01:14:22.180
 And as many of you know, we synthesized an entire genome, booted it up to create an entirely
 
-01:14:20.200 --> 01:14:26.760
+01:14:22.180 --> 01:14:28.740
 new synthetic cell, where every protein in the cell was based on the synthetic DNA code.
 
-01:14:26.760 --> 01:14:30.400
+01:14:28.740 --> 01:14:32.380
 So as you all know, what Schrodinger's book was published in 1944, it was based on a series
 
-01:14:30.400 --> 01:14:34.200
+01:14:32.380 --> 01:14:36.180
 of three lectures here starting in.
 
-01:14:34.200 --> 01:14:41.160
+01:14:36.180 --> 01:14:43.140
 What he really means there, right, is that they took the genome of a yeast and they made
 
-01:14:41.160 --> 01:14:50.520
-a synthetic copy of it, and then that DNA could be used to grow another yeast.
+01:14:43.140 --> 01:14:46.020
+a synthetic copy of it.
+
+01:14:46.020 --> 01:14:52.500
+And then that DNA could be used to grow another yeast.
 
-01:14:50.520 --> 01:14:55.800
+01:14:52.500 --> 01:14:57.780
 So it's not exactly what he's suggesting, which is like, you know, it almost seems like
 
-01:14:55.800 --> 01:15:02.400
+01:14:57.780 --> 01:15:04.380
 they just went to the drawing board, made up a whole new DNA sequence, put it in a membrane
 
-01:15:02.400 --> 01:15:06.240
+01:15:04.380 --> 01:15:08.220
 and it went, but that's not what they did.
 
-01:15:06.240 --> 01:15:11.320
-They just showed that they could copy a whole genome, make a synthetic version of it, and
+01:15:08.220 --> 01:15:13.300
+They just showed that they could copy a whole genome, make a synthetic version of it and
 
-01:15:11.320 --> 01:15:18.640
-that synthetic molecule could be reinserted, and it would faithfully allow that organism
+01:15:13.300 --> 01:15:20.620
+that that synthetic molecule could be reinserted and it would faithfully allow that organism
 
-01:15:18.640 --> 01:15:19.640
+01:15:20.620 --> 01:15:21.620
 to replicate.
 
-01:15:19.640 --> 01:15:24.280
+01:15:21.620 --> 01:15:26.260
 So, as far as I understand it, it's not the exact same thing as synthetic life, although
 
-01:15:24.280 --> 01:15:30.640
-they would like you to believe, I mean, because it is synthetic life, but it says, you know,
+01:15:26.260 --> 01:15:27.260
+they would like you to believe.
+
+01:15:27.260 --> 01:15:34.460
+I mean, I guess it is synthetic life, but it's as, you know, it's still based on life.
+
+01:15:34.460 --> 01:15:36.860
+I thought that would work.
 
-01:15:30.640 --> 01:15:32.480
-it's still based on life.
+01:15:36.860 --> 01:15:37.860
+Sorry.
 
-01:15:32.480 --> 01:15:35.240
-I thought that would work, sorry.
+01:15:37.860 --> 01:15:42.860
+I mean, it's really interesting to be sharing this event with Jim Watson, who have known
 
-01:15:35.240 --> 01:15:40.360
-February of 1943, and he had to be people, lectures I read on the following Monday, because
+01:15:42.860 --> 01:15:46.860
+and had multiple interactions with over the last 25 years and, including most recently,
 
-01:15:40.360 --> 01:15:43.720
-the room on the other side of campus was too small, and I understand people were turned
+01:15:46.860 --> 01:15:50.860
+sharing the double helix prize for human genome sequencing with him from Cold Spring Harbor
 
-01:15:43.720 --> 01:15:48.520
-away tonight, but were grateful for Internet streaming, so I don't have to do this twice.
+01:15:50.860 --> 01:15:52.860
+laboratory a few years ago.
 
-01:15:48.520 --> 01:15:53.880
-So also do, clearly, to his historical role, and it's interesting to be sharing this event
+01:15:52.860 --> 01:15:57.860
+Now, Schrodger started his work with Jim Watson, and he was a scientist.
 
-01:15:53.880 --> 01:15:57.880
-with Jim Watson, who have known and had multiple interactions with over the last 25 years,
+01:15:57.860 --> 01:15:58.860
+He was a scientist.
 
-01:15:57.880 --> 01:16:01.840
-and including most recently sharing the double helix prize for human genome sequencing with
+01:15:58.860 --> 01:15:59.860
+He was a scientist.
 
-01:16:01.840 --> 01:16:04.720
-him from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory a few years ago.
+01:15:59.860 --> 01:16:00.860
+He was a scientist.
 
-01:16:04.720 --> 01:16:09.480
-Now, Schrodinger started his lecture with a key question, and an interesting insight
+01:16:00.860 --> 01:16:01.860
+He was a scientist.
 
-01:16:09.480 --> 01:16:10.480
-on it.
+01:16:01.860 --> 01:16:02.860
+He was a scientist.
 
-01:16:10.480 --> 01:16:12.880
-The question was, I'll read it, how can the events in space and time, which take place
+01:16:03.860 --> 01:16:06.860
+And, you know, sequencing with him from Cold Spring Harbor laboratory a few years ago.
 
-01:16:12.880 --> 01:16:16.600
-within the boundaries of a living organism, be accounted for by physics and chemistry?
+01:16:06.860 --> 01:16:11.860
+Now, Schrodger started his lecture with a key question and an interesting insight on it.
 
-01:16:16.600 --> 01:16:20.240
-It's a pretty straightforward, decimal question, and then he sort of answered what he could
+01:16:11.860 --> 01:16:12.860
+The question was, I'll read it.
 
-01:16:20.240 --> 01:16:24.120
-at the time, the obvious inability of present-day physics and chemistry to account for such
+01:16:12.860 --> 01:16:16.860
+How can the events in space and time, which take place within the boundaries of a living
 
-01:16:24.120 --> 01:16:28.920
-events is no reason at all for doubting that they will be accounted for by the sciences.
+01:16:16.860 --> 01:16:18.860
+organism, be accounted for by physics and chemistry?
+
+01:16:18.860 --> 01:16:20.860
+It's a pretty straightforward, simple question.
+
+01:16:20.860 --> 01:16:22.860
+And then he sort of answered what he could at the time.
+
+01:16:22.860 --> 01:16:26.860
+The obvious inability of present day physics and chemistry to account for such events is
 
-01:16:28.920 --> 01:16:29.920
+01:16:26.860 --> 01:16:30.860
+no reason at all for doubting that they will be accounted for by the sciences.
+
+01:16:30.860 --> 01:16:31.860
 That's good.
 
-01:16:29.920 --> 01:16:34.320
-So, while I only have around 40 minutes, not three lectures, I hope to convince you that
+01:16:32.860 --> 01:16:34.860
+I only have around 40 minutes, not three lectures.
 
-01:16:34.320 --> 01:16:38.600
-there has been substantial progress in the last nearly 70 years, since Schrodinger initially
+01:16:34.860 --> 01:16:38.860
+I hope to convince you that there has been substantial progress in the last nearly 70
 
-01:16:38.600 --> 01:16:42.680
-asked that question, to the point where the answer is at least nearly at hand, if not
+01:16:38.860 --> 01:16:42.860
+years, since Schrodger initially asked that question, to the point where the answer is
 
-01:16:42.680 --> 01:16:43.680
-in hand.
+01:16:42.860 --> 01:16:45.860
+at least nearly at hand, if not in hand.
 
-01:16:43.680 --> 01:16:49.120
+01:16:45.860 --> 01:16:50.860
 So, I view that we're now in what I'm calling the digital age of biology.
 
-01:16:49.120 --> 01:16:53.440
+01:16:50.860 --> 01:16:55.860
 My teams work on synthesizing genomes based on digital code in the computer, and four
 
-01:16:53.440 --> 01:16:57.760
+01:16:55.860 --> 01:16:59.860
 bottles of chemicals illustrates the ultimate link between the computer code and the digital
 
-01:16:57.760 --> 01:16:59.320
+01:16:59.860 --> 01:17:00.860
 code.
 
-01:16:59.320 --> 01:17:04.000
+01:17:00.860 --> 01:17:05.860
 Life as code, as you heard in the introduction, was very clearly articulated by Schrodinger
 
-01:17:04.000 --> 01:17:05.880
+01:17:05.860 --> 01:17:06.860
 as code script.
 
-01:17:05.880 --> 01:17:09.120
+01:17:06.860 --> 01:17:10.860
 I think perhaps even more importantly, and something I missed on the first few readings
 
-01:17:09.120 --> 01:17:14.840
-I was book early in my career, was, as far as I can tell, the first mention that this
+01:17:10.860 --> 01:17:16.860
+of his book early in my career, was, as far as I can tell, the first mention that this
 
-01:17:14.840 --> 01:17:17.520
+01:17:16.860 --> 01:17:18.860
 code could be as simple as a binary code.
 
-01:17:17.520 --> 01:17:20.920
+01:17:18.860 --> 01:17:22.860
 And he used the example of Morris code with just dots and dashes.
 
-01:17:20.920 --> 01:17:24.840
+01:17:22.860 --> 01:17:25.860
 It could be sufficient to give 34 different specifications.
 
-01:17:24.840 --> 01:17:32.360
-I've searched and I have not find any earlier references to the Morris code, although historian
+01:17:26.860 --> 01:17:31.860
+I've searched and I have not find any earlier references to the Morris code, although
 
-01:17:32.360 --> 01:17:37.240
-I know wrote a quick letter asking about that then, and quick response was, it was
+01:17:31.860 --> 01:17:38.860
+a historian that I know wrote a quick letter asking about that then in quick response was,
 
-01:17:37.240 --> 01:17:38.560
-a metaphor that was obvious to everybody.
+01:17:38.860 --> 01:17:41.860
+it was a metaphor that was obvious to everybody, so I don't know if it was obvious to everybody
 
-01:17:38.560 --> 01:17:44.200
-So, I don't know if it was obvious to everybody after Schrodinger's book or sometime before.
+01:17:41.860 --> 01:17:44.860
+after Schrodinger's book or sometime before.
 
-01:17:44.200 --> 01:17:46.440
-One of the things though, Schrodinger was right about a lot of things, which is why,
+01:17:44.860 --> 01:17:48.860
+One of the things, though, Schrodinger was right about a lot of things, which is why,
 
-01:17:46.440 --> 01:17:51.200
-in fact, I think we celebrate what he talked about and what he wrote about, but some things
+01:17:48.860 --> 01:17:51.860
+in fact, I think we celebrate what he talked about and what he wrote about.
 
-01:17:51.200 --> 01:17:56.480
-he was clearly wrong about, like most scientists in his time, and he relied on the biologist
+01:17:52.860 --> 01:17:57.860
+But some things he was clearly wrong about, like most scientists in his time, and he relied
 
-01:17:56.480 --> 01:17:57.480
-of the day.
+01:17:57.860 --> 01:17:59.860
+on the biologist of the day.
 
-01:17:57.840 --> 01:18:02.320
+01:17:59.860 --> 01:18:02.860
 They thought that protein, not DNA, was the genetic information.
 
-01:18:02.320 --> 01:18:07.680
+01:18:02.860 --> 01:18:09.860
 And I think it's really quite extraordinary because just in 1944, in the same year that
 
-01:18:07.680 --> 01:18:12.280
-he published his book, is when the famous experiment by Oswald Avery, who was actually
+01:18:09.860 --> 01:18:15.860
+he published his book, is when the famous experiment by Oswald Avery, who was actually 65 and about
 
-01:18:12.280 --> 01:18:18.200
-65 and about ready to retire, along with his colleagues Colin McLeod and acclaimed McCartney,
+01:18:15.860 --> 01:18:19.860
+ready to retire, along with his colleagues Colin McCloud and acclaimed McCartney, published
 
-01:18:18.200 --> 01:18:21.920
-published their key paper demonstrating that DNA was actually the substance that causes
+01:18:19.860 --> 01:18:23.860
+their key paper demonstrating that DNA was actually the substance that causes bacterial
 
-01:18:21.920 --> 01:18:25.480
-bacterial transformation, and therefore was the genetic material.
+01:18:23.860 --> 01:18:26.860
+transformation and, therefore, was the genetic material.
 
-01:18:25.480 --> 01:18:30.840
-This experiment was remarkably simple, and I sort of wonder why it wasn't done 50 years
+01:18:26.860 --> 01:18:28.860
+His experiment was remarkably simple.
 
-01:18:30.840 --> 01:18:35.000
-earlier, because with all the wonderful genetics work going on in drosophila, certainly people
+01:18:28.860 --> 01:18:33.860
+And I sort of wonder why it wasn't done 50 years earlier, because with all the wonderful
 
-01:18:35.000 --> 01:18:36.000
-were looking at chromosomes.
+01:18:33.860 --> 01:18:37.860
+genetics work going on in Drosophila, certainly people were looking at chromosomes.
 
-01:18:36.000 --> 01:18:40.560
+01:18:37.860 --> 01:18:41.860
 He simply used proteolytic enzymes to destroy all the proteins associated with the DNA and
 
-01:18:40.560 --> 01:18:45.760
+01:18:41.860 --> 01:18:46.860
 showed that the DNA, the naked DNA, was, in fact, of the transforming factor.
 
-01:18:45.760 --> 01:18:51.080
-The impact of this paper was far from instantaneous, as has happened in this field, I think, in
+01:18:47.860 --> 01:18:51.860
+The impact of this paper was far from instantaneous, as has happened in this field.
 
-01:18:51.080 --> 01:18:56.120
-part because there was so much bias against DNA and towards proteins that it took a long
+01:18:51.860 --> 01:18:57.860
+I think, in part, because there was so much bias against DNA and towards proteins that
 
-01:18:56.120 --> 01:18:58.520
-time for that to sink in.
+01:18:57.860 --> 01:19:00.860
+it took a long time for that to sink in.
 
-01:18:58.520 --> 01:19:04.960
+01:19:00.860 --> 01:19:06.860
 In 1949, obviously, was the first sequencing of a protein by Fred Sanger, and the protein
 
-01:19:04.960 --> 01:19:06.240
+01:19:06.860 --> 01:19:07.860
 was insulin.
 
-01:19:06.240 --> 01:19:11.280
+01:19:07.860 --> 01:19:12.860
 And this work showed, in fact, that proteins consisted of linear amino acid codes.
 
-01:19:11.280 --> 01:19:17.320
-So he won the Nobel Prize in 1958 for that achievement, and was very key in terms of
+01:19:13.860 --> 01:19:18.860
+And he won the Nobel Prize in 1958 for that achievement, and was very key in terms of
 
-01:19:17.320 --> 01:19:20.240
-leader understanding of the link between DNA and proteins.
+01:19:18.860 --> 01:19:21.860
+a leader understanding of the link between DNA and proteins.
 
-01:19:20.240 --> 01:19:25.880
+01:19:21.860 --> 01:19:27.860
 But as you heard in the introduction, obviously, the discovery that changed the whole field
 
-01:19:25.880 --> 01:19:32.320
-and started us down to DNA root was the 1953 work by Watson and Crick, with help from Maurice
+01:19:27.860 --> 01:19:33.860
+and started us down to DNA root was the 1953 work by Watson and Crick, with help from
 
-01:19:32.320 --> 01:19:36.320
-Wilkins and Roslyn Franklin, showing that DNA was, in fact, a double helix, and had a clear
+01:19:33.860 --> 01:19:37.860
+Maurice Wilkins and Roslyn Franklin, showing that DNA was, in fact, a double helix, and
 
-01:19:36.320 --> 01:19:38.320
-explanation of how it could be self-replicated.
+01:19:37.860 --> 01:19:40.860
+had a clear explanation of how it could be self-replicated.
 
-01:19:38.320 --> 01:19:45.760
-Again, this was not, as I understand, instantly perceived as a breakthrough because the biochemist
+01:19:40.860 --> 01:19:46.860
+Again, this was not, as I understand, instantly perceived as a breakthrough, because the
 
-01:19:45.760 --> 01:19:47.600
-was still hanging on to genetic code.
+01:19:46.860 --> 01:19:49.860
+biochemist was still hanging on to genetic code.
 
-01:19:47.600 --> 01:19:54.840
+01:19:49.860 --> 01:19:55.860
 But soon, with a few more experiments from others, the world changed pretty dramatically.
 
-01:19:54.840 --> 01:19:58.720
-I think the next big thing came from the work, obviously, of Corona and Marshall Nuremberg
+01:19:55.860 --> 01:20:00.860
+I think the next big thing came from the work, obviously, of Corona and Marshall Nuremberg,
 
-01:19:58.720 --> 01:20:03.840
-in 1961, where they worked out the triplet genetic codes, three letters of genetic code
+01:20:00.860 --> 01:20:05.860
+in 1961, where they worked out the triplet genetic code, three letters of genetic code,
 
-01:20:03.840 --> 01:20:06.280
+01:20:05.860 --> 01:20:07.860
 coding for a single amino acid.
 
-01:20:06.280 --> 01:20:10.440
-And then this became clear how the linear DNA code, that coded for the linear protein
-
-01:20:10.440 --> 01:20:11.440
-code.
+01:20:07.860 --> 01:20:12.860
+And then this became clear how the linear DNA code that coded for the linear protein code.
 
-01:20:11.440 --> 01:20:15.760
-Which was followed a few years later by Robert Hawley's discovery of the structure of tRNA.
+01:20:12.860 --> 01:20:17.860
+This was followed a few years later by Robert Hawley's discovery of the structure of tRNA.
 
-01:20:15.760 --> 01:20:20.960
-And tRNA is the key, the key, a link between the mesrometeor RNA and bringing the amino
+01:20:17.860 --> 01:20:22.860
+And tRNA is the key, the key, a link between the messenger RNA and bringing the amino acids
 
-01:20:20.960 --> 01:20:23.800
-acids in for protein synthesis.
+01:20:22.860 --> 01:20:24.860
+in for protein synthesis.
 
-01:20:23.800 --> 01:20:28.520
+01:20:24.860 --> 01:20:29.860
 So Hawley and Nuremberg and Corona shared the Nobel Prize in 1968 for that work.
 
-01:20:28.520 --> 01:20:30.040
+01:20:29.860 --> 01:20:31.860
 The next decade brought us restriction enzymes.
 
-01:20:30.040 --> 01:20:34.840
-So my friend and colleague, Ham Smith, who is at the Venture Institute now in 1970, the
+01:20:31.860 --> 01:20:35.860
+So my friend and colleague, Ham Smith, who is at the Venture Institute now in 1970,
 
-01:20:34.840 --> 01:20:39.360
-first restriction enzymes, these are the molecular scissors that cut DNA very precisely and
+01:20:35.860 --> 01:20:37.860
+did the first restriction enzymes.
 
-01:20:39.360 --> 01:20:43.400
-enabled the entire field of a molecular engineering and molecular biology.
+01:20:37.860 --> 01:20:40.860
+These are the molecular scissors that cut DNA very precisely,
 
-01:20:43.400 --> 01:20:48.040
+01:20:40.860 --> 01:20:44.860
+and enabled the entire field of molecular engineering and molecular biology.
+
+01:20:44.860 --> 01:20:49.860
 And Ham Smith and Warner Arbor and Dan Nathan shared the prize in 1978 for that work.
 
-01:20:48.040 --> 01:20:53.520
-The 70s brought not only some interesting dress codes and characters, but the beginning
+01:20:49.860 --> 01:20:53.860
+The 70s brought not only some interesting dress codes and characters,
 
-01:20:53.520 --> 01:20:58.200
-of the molecular splicing revolution, using restriction enzymes, Conan Boyer and Paul
+01:20:53.860 --> 01:20:58.860
+but the beginning of the molecular splicing revolution using restriction enzymes.
 
-01:20:58.200 --> 01:21:04.680
-Berg published the first papers on recombinant DNA, Conan Boyer at Stanford, Stanford father
+01:20:58.860 --> 01:21:03.860
+Conan Boyer and Paul Berg published the first papers on recombinant DNA.
 
-01:21:04.680 --> 01:21:09.000
-patent on their work and this was used by Genentech and Eli Lilly to produce a human
+01:21:04.860 --> 01:21:06.860
+And Conan Boyer at Stanford found a patent on their work,
 
-01:21:09.000 --> 01:21:12.640
-insulin as the first recombinant drug.
+01:21:06.860 --> 01:21:13.860
+and this was used by Genentech and Eli Lilly to produce a human insulin as the first recombinant drug.
 
-01:21:12.640 --> 01:21:18.080
+01:21:15.860 --> 01:21:18.860
 DNA sequencing and reading the genetic code progressed much more slowly.
 
-01:21:18.080 --> 01:21:23.720
-So in 1973, a maximum in Gilbert published a paper on 24 base pairs, 24 letters of genetic
+01:21:18.860 --> 01:21:25.860
+So in 1973, a maximum in Gilbert published a paper on 24 base pairs, 24 letters of genetic code.
 
-01:21:23.720 --> 01:21:24.720
-code.
-
-01:21:24.720 --> 01:21:27.920
+01:21:25.860 --> 01:21:28.860
 RNA sequencing progressed a little bit faster.
 
-01:21:27.920 --> 01:21:33.120
-So the first actual genome, viral genome, RNA viral genome was sequenced in 1976 by Walter
+01:21:29.860 --> 01:21:36.860
+So the first actual genome, a viral genome, an RNA viral genome, was sequenced in 1976 by Walter Fiers from Belgium.
+
+01:21:36.860 --> 01:21:41.860
+And this was followed the following year by Fred Sanger again, a sequence in the first DNA of virus.
 
-01:21:33.120 --> 01:21:38.560
-Fiers from Belgium and this was followed the following year by Fred Sanger again sequencing
+01:21:41.860 --> 01:21:45.860
+And this was 5x174 that I'll bring back to mind with you.
 
-01:21:38.560 --> 01:21:44.360
-the first DNA virus and this was 5x174 that I'll bring back to mind with you.
+01:21:45.860 --> 01:21:50.860
+So this became the first DNA virus in the first viral DNA genome.
 
-01:21:44.360 --> 01:21:50.440
-So this became the first DNA virus and the first viral DNA genome and it was also accompanied
+01:21:50.860 --> 01:21:53.860
+And it was also accompanied by this new sequencing technique,
 
-01:21:50.440 --> 01:21:54.400
-by this new sequencing technique called now referred to as Sanger sequencing that Sanger
+01:21:53.860 --> 01:21:56.860
+now referred to as Sanger sequencing, that Sanger introduced.
 
-01:21:54.400 --> 01:21:55.880
-introduced.
+01:21:56.860 --> 01:21:59.860
+This is a picture of Sanger's team that sequenced 5x.
 
-01:21:55.880 --> 01:22:00.160
-This is a picture of Sanger's team that sequenced 5x, the second guy from the left on the bottom
+01:21:59.860 --> 01:22:02.860
+The second guy from the left on the bottom is Clyde Hutchinson,
 
-01:22:00.160 --> 01:22:05.280
-is Clyde Hutchinson who was also a member of the Adventure Institute and joined us after
+01:22:02.860 --> 01:22:08.860
+who was also a member of the Adventure Institute, and joined us after retiring from the University of North Carolina,
 
-01:22:05.280 --> 01:22:10.120
-retiring from the University of North Carolina and took a key role in some of the synthetic
+01:22:08.860 --> 01:22:12.860
+and played a key role in some of the synthetic genome work.
 
-01:22:10.120 --> 01:22:11.600
-genome work.
+01:22:12.860 --> 01:22:17.860
+So in 1975, I was just getting my PhD as the first genes were being sequenced.
 
-01:22:11.600 --> 01:22:16.200
-So in 1975, I was just getting my Ph.D. as the first genes were being sequenced.
+01:22:17.860 --> 01:22:21.860
+20 years later, I led the team to sequenced the first genome of a living species,
 
-01:22:16.200 --> 01:22:20.420
-20 years later, I led the team to sequence the first genome of a living species and
+01:22:21.860 --> 01:22:23.860
+and Ham Smith was a key part of that team.
 
-01:22:20.420 --> 01:22:22.920
-Cam Smith was a key part of that team.
+01:22:23.860 --> 01:22:25.860
+This was homeless influenza.
 
-01:22:22.920 --> 01:22:27.120
-This was homophilus influenza, instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million
+01:22:25.860 --> 01:22:29.860
+Instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million letters of genetic code.
 
-01:22:27.120 --> 01:22:32.160
-letters of genetic code, or about 300 times the size of the 5x genome.
+01:22:29.860 --> 01:22:32.860
+We're about 300 times the size of the 5x genome.
 
-01:22:32.160 --> 01:22:36.920
-Five years later, we upped the ante 1,600 times with the first draft of the human genome
+01:22:32.860 --> 01:22:40.860
+Five years later, we upped the ante 1,600 times with the first draft of the human genome using these new whole genome shot.
 
-01:22:36.920 --> 01:22:39.320
-using these new whole genome shotgun.
+01:22:40.860 --> 01:22:50.860
+So I don't know if you're clear about what he just said there, but I think he just said HIB bacteria.
 
-01:22:39.320 --> 01:22:43.360
-So I don't know if you're clear about what he just said there, but I think he just said
+01:22:50.860 --> 01:22:57.860
+So he sequenced HIB, which is one of the most deadly vaccines on the childhood vaccine schedule.
 
-01:22:43.360 --> 01:22:49.280
-HIV, Hib bacteria.
+01:22:57.860 --> 01:22:59.860
+At least we used to be.
 
-01:22:49.280 --> 01:22:55.120
-So he sequenced Hib, which is one of the most deadly vaccines on the childhood vaccine
+01:22:59.860 --> 01:23:01.860
+Yeah, it's not a good thing.
 
-01:22:55.120 --> 01:23:00.880
-schedule, at least we used to be, yeah, it's not a good thing.
+01:23:01.860 --> 01:23:08.860
+And its name is an H word in the beginning and then influenza in the second word,
 
-01:23:00.880 --> 01:23:07.440
-And its name is an H word in the beginning and then influenza in the second word and
+01:23:08.860 --> 01:23:10.860
+and then B stands for something else.
 
-01:23:07.440 --> 01:23:09.040
-then B stands for something else.
+01:23:10.860 --> 01:23:14.860
+Instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million letters of genetic code.
 
-01:23:09.040 --> 01:23:13.200
-Instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million letters of genetic code,
+01:23:14.860 --> 01:23:16.860
+We're about 300,000 letters of genetic code.
 
-01:23:13.200 --> 01:23:17.800
-or about 300,000 letters of genetic code, Cam Smith was a key part of that team.
+01:23:16.860 --> 01:23:18.860
+We're about 300 times the size of the 5x genome.
 
-01:23:17.800 --> 01:23:22.000
-This was homophilus influenza, instead of 5,000 letters of genetic code, this was 1.8 million
+01:23:18.860 --> 01:23:25.860
+Five years later, we upped the ante 1,600 times with the first draft of the human genome using these new whole genome shotgun techniques.
 
-01:23:22.000 --> 01:23:23.240
-letters of genetic code.
+01:23:25.860 --> 01:23:33.860
+The smaller paper is the public genome effort size doesn't reflect its significance only its relative significance to me.
 
-01:23:23.320 --> 01:23:25.200
-I'm pretty sure that's HIV.
+01:23:33.860 --> 01:23:40.860
+So the human genome is about a half a million times larger than the 5x genome.
 
-01:23:25.200 --> 01:23:26.960
-The size of the 5x genome.
+01:23:40.860 --> 01:23:43.860
+So it shows how fast things were developing.
 
-01:23:26.960 --> 01:23:31.880
-Five years later, we upped the ante 1,600 times with the first draft of the human genome
+01:23:43.860 --> 01:23:45.860
+And reading genomes is now progressed extremely rapidly.
 
-01:23:31.880 --> 01:23:37.920
-using these new whole genome shotgun techniques, and the smaller papers, the public genome
+01:23:45.860 --> 01:23:50.860
+So instead of years or decades, it now takes about two hours to sequence a human genome.
 
-01:23:37.920 --> 01:23:42.680
-effort size doesn't reflect its significance, only its relative significance to me.
+01:23:50.860 --> 01:23:56.860
+Instead of genomes per day or genomes per hour or hours per genome, we can now, in a recently done,
 
-01:23:42.680 --> 01:23:46.560
-So the human genome is about a half a million times larger than the 5x genome, so it shows
+01:23:56.860 --> 01:24:00.860
+a demonstration sequencing 2,000 complete microbial genomes in one run in one hour.
 
-01:23:46.560 --> 01:23:49.000
-how fast things were developing.
+01:24:00.860 --> 01:24:03.860
+So the pace is changing quite substantially.
 
-01:23:49.000 --> 01:23:53.600
-Reading genomes has now progressed extremely rapidly, so instead of years or decades, it
+01:24:03.860 --> 01:24:07.860
+Now, I view DNA as an analog coding molecule.
 
-01:23:53.600 --> 01:23:56.520
-now takes about two hours to sequence a human genome.
+01:24:07.860 --> 01:24:11.860
+And when we sequence the DNA, we're converting that analog code into digital code.
 
-01:23:56.520 --> 01:24:01.080
-Instead of genomes per day or genomes per hour or hours per genome, we can now, in a
+01:24:11.860 --> 01:24:18.860
+Remember that if he's right, and 11 years ago, we could sequence a human genome in two hours,
 
-01:24:01.080 --> 01:24:05.400
-recently done a demonstration, sequencing 2,000 complete microbial genomes in one run,
+01:24:18.860 --> 01:24:27.860
+then the testing operation in the United States could have easily been a test deployment of a mass genotyping operation.
 
-01:24:05.400 --> 01:24:06.440
-in one hour.
+01:24:27.860 --> 01:24:36.860
+And so depending on where these remnants went and who they were sold to, if you can sequence a genome in two hours in 11 years ago,
 
-01:24:06.440 --> 01:24:09.080
-So the pace is changing quite substantially.
+01:24:36.860 --> 01:24:42.860
+then I guess chances are pretty good, then in about the same time they can do those PCR reactions,
 
-01:24:09.080 --> 01:24:14.040
-Now, I view DNA as an analog coding molecule.
+01:24:42.860 --> 01:24:50.860
+they can also be amplifying a whole genome, or using other means where you don't have to amplify the genome before you sequence it,
 
-01:24:14.040 --> 01:24:18.240
-And when we sequence the DNA, we're converting that analog code into digital code.
+01:24:50.860 --> 01:24:52.860
+like, for example, nanopore.
 
-01:24:18.240 --> 01:24:23.280
-Remember that if he's right, and 11 years ago we could sequence a human genome in two
+01:24:52.860 --> 01:24:55.860
+And so there's a lot of sketchy stuff going on here.
 
-01:24:23.280 --> 01:24:31.360
-hours, then the testing operation in the United States could have easily been a test deployment
+01:24:55.860 --> 01:24:57.860
+And my chickens are crawling.
 
-01:24:31.360 --> 01:24:35.200
-of a mass genotyping operation.
+01:24:57.860 --> 01:24:59.860
+So I'm going to show you a little bit of what's going on here.
 
-01:24:35.200 --> 01:24:40.080
-And so depending on where these remnants went and who they were sold to, if you can sequence
+01:25:00.860 --> 01:25:02.860
+So I'm just going to check outside to make sure everything's okay.
 
-01:24:40.080 --> 01:24:46.320
-a genome in two hours in 11 years ago, then I guess chances are pretty good that in about
+01:25:02.860 --> 01:25:04.860
+It could just be an egg that's been laid.
 
-01:24:46.320 --> 01:24:52.000
-the same time they can do those PCR reactions, they can also be amplifying a whole genome,
+01:25:04.860 --> 01:25:05.860
+I'll be right back.
 
-01:24:52.000 --> 01:24:57.440
-or using other means where you don't have to amplify the genome before you sequence it,
+01:25:05.860 --> 01:25:06.860
+I'm going to push play.
 
-01:24:57.440 --> 01:25:00.120
-like, for example, nanopore.
+01:25:06.860 --> 01:25:13.860
+The ones and zeros in the computer are very similar to the dots and dashes that Schrodinger indicated might be the original code.
 
-01:25:00.120 --> 01:25:04.920
-So there's a lot of sketchy stuff going on here, and my chickens are crawling, so I'm
+01:25:13.860 --> 01:25:16.860
+And I call this process digitizing biology.
 
-01:25:04.920 --> 01:25:07.400
-just going to check outside to make sure everything's okay.
+01:25:16.860 --> 01:25:20.860
+A number of scientists have drawn the analogy between computers and biology.
 
-01:25:07.400 --> 01:25:11.800
-It could just be an egg has been laid, I'll be right back, I'm going to push play.
+01:25:20.860 --> 01:25:21.860
+I take these even further.
 
-01:25:11.800 --> 01:25:17.400
-The ones and zeros in the computer are very similar to the dots and dashes that Schrodinger
+01:25:21.860 --> 01:25:22.860
+I take these.
 
-01:25:17.400 --> 01:25:21.320
-indicated might be the original code, and I call this process digitizing biology.
+01:25:23.860 --> 01:25:25.860
+I describe DNA as the software of life.
 
-01:25:21.320 --> 01:25:26.480
-A number of scientists have drawn the analogy between computers and biology.
+01:25:25.860 --> 01:25:33.860
+And when we activate a synthetic genome in a cell, we call it, we describe it as booting up a genome in a cell the same way we talk about booting up a software.
 
-01:25:26.480 --> 01:25:31.360
-I take these even further, I describe DNA as the software of life, and when we activate
+01:25:33.860 --> 01:25:37.860
+June 23rd of this year was Alan Turing's would have been his 100th birthday.
 
-01:25:31.360 --> 01:25:35.240
-a synthetic genome in a cell, we call, we describe it as booting up a genome in a cell
+01:25:37.860 --> 01:25:41.860
+And Turing described what has become to be known as Turing machines.
 
-01:25:35.240 --> 01:25:37.400
-the same way we talk about booting up a software.
+01:25:41.860 --> 01:25:44.860
+And the machine described a set of instructions written on a tape.
 
-01:25:38.040 --> 01:25:42.800
-June 23rd of this year was Alan Turing's, would have been his 100th birthday, and Turing
+01:25:44.860 --> 01:25:47.860
+He also described the universal Turing machine.
 
-01:25:42.800 --> 01:25:47.000
-described what has become to be known as Turing machines, and the machine described a set
+01:25:47.860 --> 01:25:51.860
+Which was a machine that could take that set of instructions and rewrite them.
 
-01:25:47.000 --> 01:25:49.600
-of instructions written on a tape.
+01:25:51.860 --> 01:25:54.860
+And this was the original origin of the digital computer.
 
-01:25:49.600 --> 01:25:53.440
-He also described the universal Turing machine, which was a machine that could take that set
+01:25:54.860 --> 01:25:59.860
+Now his ideas were carried further in the 1940s by John Van Neumann, as many people know.
 
-01:25:53.440 --> 01:25:59.200
-of instructions and rewrite them, and this was the original origin of the digital computer.
+01:25:59.860 --> 01:26:02.860
+And he conceived of the self-replicating machine.
 
-01:25:59.200 --> 01:26:05.640
-Now, his ideas were carried further in the 1940s by John Vandumen, as many people know,
+01:26:02.860 --> 01:26:08.860
+So Von Neumann's machine consisted of a series of cells which encoded a sequence of actions that be performed by the machine.
 
-01:26:05.640 --> 01:26:08.360
-and he conceived of the self-replicating machine.
+01:26:08.860 --> 01:26:12.860
+And using a writing head, the machine can be used by the machine.
 
-01:26:08.360 --> 01:26:12.920
-So von Neumann's machine consisted of a series of cells, which encoded a sequence of actions
+01:26:12.860 --> 01:26:15.860
+Which encoded a sequence of actions that be performed by the machine.
 
-01:26:12.920 --> 01:26:16.680
-that be performed by the machine, and using a writing head, the machine can print out
+01:26:15.860 --> 01:26:19.860
+And using a writing head, the machine can print out a new pattern of cells.
 
-01:26:16.680 --> 01:26:21.400
-a new pattern of cells, allowing it to make a complete copy of itself on the tape.
+01:26:19.860 --> 01:26:22.860
+Allowing it to make a complete copy of itself on the tape.
 
-01:26:21.400 --> 01:26:26.120
-So many of people have certainly made the analogy, most recently in nature, Sydney Brenner, who
+01:26:22.860 --> 01:26:26.860
+So many of people have certainly made the analogy, most recently in nature.
 
-01:26:26.120 --> 01:26:30.480
-played a role in almost all these stages of early biology, wrote an article about Turing
+01:26:26.860 --> 01:26:29.860
+Sydney Brenner played a role in almost all these stages of early biology.
 
-01:26:30.480 --> 01:26:34.440
-and biology, and in this, he argued that the best examples of a Turing and von Neumann
+01:26:29.860 --> 01:26:32.860
+I wrote an article about Turing and biology.
 
-01:26:34.440 --> 01:26:40.320
-machine is found in biology, with the self-replicating code, the internal description
+01:26:32.860 --> 01:26:38.860
+And in this he argued that the best examples of a Turing and Von Neumann machine is found in biology.
 
-01:26:40.320 --> 01:26:46.000
-of itself, and that this is the key kernel of biological theory.
+01:26:38.860 --> 01:26:42.860
+With the self-replicating code, the internal description of itself.
 
-01:26:46.000 --> 01:26:50.080
-So while software was pouring out of sequence of machines around the world, substantial
+01:26:42.860 --> 01:26:46.860
+And that this is the key kernel of biological theory.
 
-01:26:50.080 --> 01:26:55.000
-progress was going on describing the hardware of life, or proteins.
+01:26:46.860 --> 01:26:50.860
+So while software was pouring out of sequence of machines around the world,
 
-01:26:55.000 --> 01:26:58.920
-So in biochemistry, the first two decades of the 20th century were dominated by what was
+01:26:50.860 --> 01:26:54.860
+substantial progress was going on describing the hardware of life.
 
-01:26:58.920 --> 01:27:00.280
-called the colloid theory.
+01:26:54.860 --> 01:26:56.860
+Or proteins.
 
-01:27:00.280 --> 01:27:04.000
-So life itself is explained in terms of the aggregate properties of all the colloidal
+01:26:56.860 --> 01:27:01.860
+So in biochemistry, the first two decades of the 20th century were dominated by what was called the colloid theory.
 
-01:27:04.000 --> 01:27:06.160
-substances in an organism.
+01:27:01.860 --> 01:27:07.860
+So life itself is explained in terms of the aggregate properties of all the colloidal substances in an organism.
 
-01:27:06.160 --> 01:27:10.680
-We now know that these substances are a collection of three-dimensional protein machines, each
+01:27:07.860 --> 01:27:11.860
+We now know that these substances are a collection of three-dimensional protein machines,
 
-01:27:10.680 --> 01:27:14.400
-evolved to carry out a very specific task.
+01:27:11.860 --> 01:27:15.860
+each evolved to carry out a very specific task.
 
-01:27:14.400 --> 01:27:19.200
-Now, these proteins have been described as nature of robots, and if you think about it
+01:27:15.860 --> 01:27:19.860
+Now, these proteins have been described as nature robots.
 
-01:27:19.200 --> 01:27:24.960
-for every single task in a cell, every imaginable task is described by a panford and Reynolds.
+01:27:19.860 --> 01:27:25.860
+And if you think about it for every single task in a cell, every imaginable task is described by a panford and Reynolds.
 
-01:27:24.960 --> 01:27:26.960
+01:27:25.860 --> 01:27:28.860
 There is a unique protein to carry out that task.
 
-01:27:26.960 --> 01:27:32.480
-It's programmed when to go on, when to go off, and it does this based on its structure.
+01:27:28.860 --> 01:27:31.860
+It's programmed when to go on, when to go off.
+
+01:27:31.860 --> 01:27:33.860
+And it does this based on its structure.
 
-01:27:32.480 --> 01:27:34.400
+01:27:33.860 --> 01:27:35.860
 It doesn't have consciousness.
 
-01:27:34.400 --> 01:27:37.720
+01:27:35.860 --> 01:27:38.860
 It doesn't have a control from a mind or a higher center.
 
-01:27:37.720 --> 01:27:43.240
+01:27:38.860 --> 01:27:44.860
 Everything a protein does is built into its linear code derived from the DNA code.
 
-01:27:43.240 --> 01:27:45.080
+01:27:44.860 --> 01:27:46.860
 Just briefly, there's multiple protein types.
 
-01:27:45.080 --> 01:27:48.680
+01:27:46.860 --> 01:27:49.860
 Okay, I'm going to take a big left turn here.
 
-01:27:48.680 --> 01:27:50.480
+01:27:49.860 --> 01:27:51.860
 We're going to come back to this video.
 
-01:27:50.480 --> 01:27:53.880
-I've got something hit me, and I don't want to miss it, and I'm going to end the video
+01:27:51.860 --> 01:27:54.860
+I've got something hit me and I don't want to miss it.
 
-01:27:53.880 --> 01:27:57.280
-early because this makes perfect sense to me now.
+01:27:54.860 --> 01:27:58.860
+And I'm going to end the video early because this makes perfect sense to me now.
 
-01:27:57.280 --> 01:28:02.640
-He's talking about DNA, he's talking about proteins, he's talking about how all these
+01:27:58.860 --> 01:28:01.860
+He's talking about DNA.
 
-01:28:02.640 --> 01:28:09.520
-spontaneous, physical and chemical processes come together and form something that we call
+01:28:01.860 --> 01:28:02.860
+He's talking about proteins.
 
-01:28:09.520 --> 01:28:18.720
-life, and I want to show you a video completely unrelated to this that's so close to my heart
+01:28:02.860 --> 01:28:11.860
+He's talking about how all these spontaneous physical and chemical processes come together and form something that we call life.
 
-01:28:18.720 --> 01:28:25.800
-that will give you just an insight into the kind of, I don't know what the right word
+01:28:11.860 --> 01:28:17.860
+And I want to show you a video completely unrelated to this.
 
-01:28:25.800 --> 01:28:26.800
-is.
+01:28:17.860 --> 01:28:24.860
+That's so close to my heart that will give you just an insight into the kind of.
 
-01:28:26.800 --> 01:28:32.160
-Is it passion that I have, the belief that I have, reverence that I have for everything
+01:28:24.860 --> 01:28:27.860
+I don't know what the right word is.
 
-01:28:32.160 --> 01:28:33.440
-that's alive?
+01:28:27.860 --> 01:28:34.860
+Is it passion that I have the belief that I have reverence that I have for everything that's alive?
 
-01:28:33.440 --> 01:28:35.560
+01:28:34.860 --> 01:28:36.860
 Because here's where we are with this guy's lecture.
 
-01:28:35.560 --> 01:28:40.080
-He said, protein used to be the genetic material, then DNA with the genetic code, then the
+01:28:36.860 --> 01:28:39.860
+He said protein used to be the genetic material.
 
-01:28:40.080 --> 01:28:45.440
-triplet code was cracked, then the tRNA structure was found, then restriction enzymes were found,
+01:28:39.860 --> 01:28:41.860
+Then DNA was the genetic code.
 
-01:28:45.440 --> 01:28:49.600
-then we'd made recombinant DNA, and then we started sequencing stuff first with a 24
+01:28:41.860 --> 01:28:44.860
+Then the triplet code was cracked and the tRNA structure was found.
 
-01:28:49.600 --> 01:28:54.880
-base pair sequence, then a viral genome, then a DNA viral genome, then this first bacteria
+01:28:44.860 --> 01:28:46.860
+Then restriction enzymes were found.
 
-01:28:54.880 --> 01:29:00.160
-was sequenced by yours truly, then a whole genome using shotgun techniques to the point
+01:28:46.860 --> 01:28:48.860
+Then we'd made recombinant DNA.
 
-01:29:00.160 --> 01:29:05.680
-where we can now, at this time in this lecture, read a genome in two hours, it's much lower
+01:28:48.860 --> 01:28:51.860
+And then we started sequencing stuff first with a 24 base pair sequence.
 
-01:29:05.680 --> 01:29:06.680
-than that now.
+01:28:51.860 --> 01:28:52.860
+Then a viral genome.
 
-01:29:06.680 --> 01:29:11.040
-Presumably, I guess Kevin McCurnan would tell us exactly how many minutes would take with
+01:28:52.860 --> 01:28:54.860
+Then a DNA viral genome.
 
-01:29:11.040 --> 01:29:14.720
-the cutting edge technology.
+01:28:54.860 --> 01:28:57.860
+Then this first bacteria was sequenced by yours truly.
 
-01:29:14.720 --> 01:29:23.240
-Now we're talking about molecules whose emergent properties we don't understand, whose relationship
+01:28:57.860 --> 01:29:05.860
+Then a whole genome using shotgun techniques to the point where we can now in this time in this lecture read a genome in two hours.
 
-01:29:23.240 --> 01:29:29.240
-to other molecules produces other emergent properties that we don't understand, who then
+01:29:05.860 --> 01:29:07.860
+It's much lower than that now.
 
-01:29:29.240 --> 01:29:35.480
-fold and are post-translationally modified in ways that we don't understand, and we
+01:29:07.860 --> 01:29:15.860
+Presumably I guess Kevin McCurnan would tell us exactly how many minutes would take with the cutting edge technology.
 
-01:29:35.480 --> 01:29:45.280
-purport to understand how this multi-layered, complex pattern integrity produces life, because
+01:29:15.860 --> 01:29:23.860
+Now we're talking about molecules whose emergent properties we don't understand,
 
-01:29:45.280 --> 01:29:55.080
-we can translate some of the bases into some of the components of the next layer.
+01:29:23.860 --> 01:29:29.860
+whose relationship to other molecules produces other emergent properties that we don't understand,
 
-01:29:55.080 --> 01:29:59.280
-Now I'm going to show you a video that may not have anything to do with this, but I think
+01:29:29.860 --> 01:29:36.860
+who then fold and are post-translationally modified in ways that we don't understand.
 
-01:29:59.280 --> 01:30:04.480
-if you listen to how I describe the video, you will understand exactly why these people
+01:29:36.860 --> 01:29:45.860
+And we purport to understand how this multi-layered complex pattern integrity produces life.
 
-01:30:04.480 --> 01:30:10.480
-have no idea what they're talking about and how much we stand to gain by pointing that
+01:29:46.860 --> 01:29:52.860
+Because we can translate some of the bases into some of the components of the next layer.
 
-01:30:10.480 --> 01:30:17.480
-out, how the foundation of biology is just based on a few gross misconceptions about
+01:29:56.860 --> 01:30:00.860
+Now I'm going to show you a video that may not have anything to do with this,
 
-01:30:17.480 --> 01:30:20.200
-fidelity and depth of understanding.
+01:30:00.860 --> 01:30:03.860
+but I think if you listen to how I describe the video,
 
-01:30:20.200 --> 01:30:24.720
-So let me see if I can find this video without too much looking, I'll just use my history,
+01:30:03.860 --> 01:30:12.860
+you will understand exactly why these people have no idea what they're talking about and how much we stand to gain by pointing that out.
 
-01:30:24.720 --> 01:30:33.360
-I think that'll work the best.
+01:30:12.860 --> 01:30:21.860
+How the foundation of biology is just based on a few gross misconceptions about fidelity and depth of understanding.
 
-01:30:33.360 --> 01:30:50.040
-Oh, I'm revealing everything I looked at in the last couple hours here, that's going
+01:30:21.860 --> 01:30:25.860
+So let me see if I can find this video without too much looking.
 
-01:30:50.040 --> 01:30:51.760
-to dump.
+01:30:25.860 --> 01:30:28.860
+I'll just use my history. I think that'll work the best.
 
-01:30:51.760 --> 01:31:01.000
-Let me see, let's go back out of this, yeah, I can't see it, I don't know why it's not
+01:30:43.860 --> 01:30:52.860
+I'm revealing everything I looked at in the last couple of hours here that's going to dump.
 
-01:31:01.000 --> 01:31:05.640
-on, this should be on this list right here already, and it's not.
+01:30:52.860 --> 01:30:58.860
+Let me see. Let's go back out of this.
 
-01:31:05.640 --> 01:31:10.040
-So let me think, how else do I do it?
+01:30:58.860 --> 01:31:05.860
+Yeah, I can't see it. I don't know why it's not on this should be on this list right here already.
 
-01:31:10.040 --> 01:31:18.800
-Nope, then I got to go back and go to YouTube and search for, oh, maybe I should use the
+01:31:05.860 --> 01:31:09.860
+And it's not. So let me think. How else do I do it?
 
-01:31:18.800 --> 01:31:24.280
-YouTube history, that's what I thought I was using, not that, there we go, dumb, dumb,
+01:31:09.860 --> 01:31:18.860
+Nope, then I got to go back and go to YouTube and search for.
 
-01:31:24.280 --> 01:31:32.040
-hee dee dee dee, YouTube, where is my history stuff, what's going on, why am I zoning out
+01:31:18.860 --> 01:31:23.860
+Oh, maybe I should use the YouTube history. That's what I thought I was using. Not that. There we go.
 
-01:31:32.040 --> 01:31:47.160
-like this, let's just go icky, icky TV, please look it up, see if you can find icky TV.
+01:31:23.860 --> 01:31:25.860
+Dumb, dumb.
 
-01:31:47.160 --> 01:31:53.920
-So what is, what are we looking at here, well we're looking at a stunt kite and the
+01:31:26.860 --> 01:31:35.860
+YouTube. Where is my history stuff? What's going on? Why am I zoning out like this? Let's just go.
 
-01:31:53.920 --> 01:32:01.800
-stunt kite is actually exactly what is sitting behind me on my desk over here.
+01:31:35.860 --> 01:31:40.860
+Ike TV.
 
-01:32:01.800 --> 01:32:07.080
+01:31:40.860 --> 01:31:47.860
+Please look it up. See if you can find Ike TV.
+
+01:31:48.860 --> 01:31:52.860
+So what is what are we looking at here?
+
+01:31:52.860 --> 01:32:02.860
+Well, we're looking at a stunt kite and the stunt kite is actually exactly what is sitting behind me on my desk over here.
+
+01:32:02.860 --> 01:32:07.860
 You will see behind the screen here a stunt kite.
 
-01:32:07.080 --> 01:32:11.360
-And that is a diablist, it's a German made kite, it was one of the first of that design
+01:32:08.860 --> 01:32:13.860
+And that is a Diablo. It's a German made kite. It was one of the first of that design to be made.
+
+01:32:13.860 --> 01:32:18.860
+And that design was later sold to a French company by the name of our sky and they didn't use the same panel.
+
+01:32:18.860 --> 01:32:25.860
+Oh, look that that kite won several competitions in Germany and in the Netherlands before I got my hands on it.
+
+01:32:25.860 --> 01:32:30.860
+And there's lots of people who would love to have that kite also for the plans of the panels.
+
+01:32:31.860 --> 01:32:48.860
+This video that we're about to watch is actually kite in the Netherlands being flown on a Dutch beach very recently filmed by a friend of my name Carlo flown by a friend of my name Lars and Lars is one of the best kite pilots on the planet.
+
+01:32:48.860 --> 01:32:59.860
+And now what you have to understand this is going to be fun. I'm excited. It makes me happy to teach this. Hold on. I'll be right back.
+
+01:33:00.860 --> 01:33:10.860
+What you have to understand is that there are a few variables involved in how the kite behaves and kite flyers who are talented are taking advantage of those variables.
+
+01:33:10.860 --> 01:33:19.860
+Now if you look at a stunt kite and I've got one right here and I'm going to put it underneath the thing here.
+
+01:33:19.860 --> 01:33:27.860
+And so if you look at a stunt kite it's actually got a three point bridle that has points that grab the kite on three sides here.
+
+01:33:28.860 --> 01:33:39.860
+And then there's another one over here that actually grabs on the other side. And so then the kite flyer is actually holding two strings and the strings are pulling each on a triangle of string like this.
+
+01:33:39.860 --> 01:33:47.860
+And now the interesting thing is is that the wind is blowing in this direction right toward the kite and the kite is designed to make it fly up.
+
+01:33:48.860 --> 01:33:57.860
+And so in this case if I change this around like this the kite is going to fly up right. And so it flies in the direction of the nose because the wind is blowing this way.
+
+01:33:57.860 --> 01:34:03.860
+And then the kite is designed to have a nose and then the wind only moves in one direction. So it moves through the air.
+
+01:34:03.860 --> 01:34:12.860
+The cool thing is that these kites also have attractor states where they are very stable facing if the wind is coming from you.
+
+01:34:13.860 --> 01:34:21.860
+This is the way you would be flying the kite. But the kite is also stable in this position. The kite is also stable in this position.
+
+01:34:21.860 --> 01:34:29.860
+And the kite can also rotate in these positions. But if you get it the lines tangled around the end of the kite or whatever then it's not going to fly anymore.
+
+01:34:30.860 --> 01:34:41.860
+And so the trick of flying a kite is to jerk the kite in and out of the wind and get it to settle into different attractor states and then spin around in the wind.
+
+01:34:41.860 --> 01:34:50.860
+While the wind is still moving and give it slack in the right way so that when you pull it back into the flight position the lines are still free of the kite itself.
+
+01:34:50.860 --> 01:35:01.860
+Now what I want you to do is watch this video and think very carefully about how your brain interprets what's going on here because there are very few variables.
+
+01:35:01.860 --> 01:35:07.860
+There is the static shape of this kite, one shape in three dimensions.
+
+01:35:07.860 --> 01:35:15.860
+There is the static direction of the wind. It's one direction and he's on the beach which means it's laboratory grade wind.
+
+01:35:15.860 --> 01:35:20.860
+It's going to be the same speed from the ground all the way up to the top of the flight window.
+
+01:35:20.860 --> 01:35:28.860
+And so all of the flight is going to be very smooth and the variables will be limited because the wind is not from everywhere like it's in Pittsburgh.
+
+01:35:29.860 --> 01:35:42.860
+Dutch kite flying is the best kite flying in the universe and you can lose literally weekends with your feet in the sand and get like emergency room level sunburn because it's so zen.
+
+01:35:42.860 --> 01:35:52.860
+So watch this kite fly try to figure out how it is that somebody with only two lines and two handles can make the kite do what Lars makes it do.
+
+01:35:53.860 --> 01:36:13.860
+And then think about the idea that we're talking about one three dimensional shape with two lines and a protein is a three dimensional shape with electrostatic charge in a electrostatic polar solvent water.
+
+01:36:13.860 --> 01:36:25.860
+And it is attached to other three dimensional magnetic electrostatic three dimensional shapes that are in a polar solvent called water.
+
+01:36:25.860 --> 01:36:38.860
+And we are being told that we understand how proteins fold and we understand how DNA gets translated into proteins.
+
+01:36:39.860 --> 01:36:45.860
+And to describe the physics of what Lars is doing would be pretty pretty complicated.
+
+01:36:45.860 --> 01:36:50.860
+So how in the world can we already be so I got to slow it down sorry.
+
+01:36:50.860 --> 01:36:55.860
+That's why this music sounds a little bad.
+
+01:36:55.860 --> 01:37:04.860
+Let's start it over again so you can see exactly what I'm talking about.
+
+01:37:04.860 --> 01:37:17.860
+So think very carefully now how would you describe what's happening here how do we understand this.
+
+01:37:17.860 --> 01:37:31.860
+I want you to think about a protein as a kite connected to another kite connected to another kite and each one of the 20 amino acids has a different shape that interacts with the wind in a different way.
+
+01:37:32.860 --> 01:37:46.860
+And depending on how they are connected depending on the bridal connection between them depending on the sugars that are deposited on them depending on the speed that they come through the ribosome depending on the particular kind of ribosome.
 
-01:32:11.360 --> 01:32:15.480
-to be made and that design was later sold to a French company by the name of Arsky and
+01:37:47.860 --> 01:37:55.860
+The chain of kites will come out in a very different way and fly in a very different way and have a very different effect on other proteins.
 
-01:32:15.480 --> 01:32:21.640
-they didn't use the same panel out, look, that kite won several competitions in Germany
+01:37:55.860 --> 01:38:03.860
+And we claim to be able to reasonably understand that or we're very soon going to be able to understand it.
 
-01:32:21.640 --> 01:32:26.320
-and in the Netherlands before I got my hands on it and there's lots of people who would
+01:38:03.860 --> 01:38:10.860
+Can you understand what Lars is doing right now?
 
-01:32:26.320 --> 01:32:30.400
-love to have that kite also for the plans of the panels.
+01:38:10.860 --> 01:38:12.860
+Does it make sense to you?
 
-01:32:30.400 --> 01:32:37.280
-This video that we're about to watch is actually kite in the Netherlands being flown on a Dutch
+01:38:12.860 --> 01:38:19.860
+Because I assure you whatever is going on in the simplest protein is much more complex than this.
 
-01:32:37.280 --> 01:32:43.000
-beach, very recently filmed by a friend of mine named Carlo, flown by a friend of mine
+01:38:19.860 --> 01:38:23.860
+The physics and the chemistry are much more complex than the physics of this.
 
-01:32:43.000 --> 01:32:48.160
-named Lars and Lars is one of the best kite pilots on the planet and now what you have
+01:38:23.860 --> 01:38:26.860
+Even a whole chain of these.
 
-01:32:48.160 --> 01:32:50.480
-to understand, this is going to be fun.
+01:38:26.860 --> 01:38:28.860
+And we can understand this.
 
-01:32:50.480 --> 01:32:55.480
-I'm excited, it makes me happy to teach this, hold on I'll be right back.
+01:38:28.860 --> 01:38:31.860
+I have no doubt we can understand this.
 
-01:32:55.480 --> 01:33:03.000
-What you have to understand is that there are a few variables involved in how the kite
+01:38:32.860 --> 01:38:43.860
+But trying to understand the irreducible complexity of protein folding, of protein modification and of the pattern integrity that is a cell.
 
-01:33:03.000 --> 01:33:08.680
-behaves and kite flyers who are talented are taking advantage of those variables.
+01:38:43.860 --> 01:38:47.860
+Never mind tissue. Never mind an organism.
 
-01:33:08.680 --> 01:33:13.640
-Now if you look at a stunt kite and I've got one right here and I'm going to put it underneath
+01:38:47.860 --> 01:38:49.860
+A developing baby.
 
-01:33:13.640 --> 01:33:21.400
-the thing here and so if you look at a stunt kite it's actually got a three-point bridle
+01:38:49.860 --> 01:38:51.860
+A developing teenager.
 
-01:33:21.400 --> 01:33:27.400
-that has points that grab the kite on three sides here, see the triangle there and then
+01:38:51.860 --> 01:38:53.860
+My goodness ladies and gentlemen.
 
-01:33:27.400 --> 01:33:31.640
-there's another one over here that actually grabs on the other side and so then the kite
+01:38:53.860 --> 01:38:57.860
+Let's stay focused on the physics and chemistry we can understand.
 
-01:33:31.640 --> 01:33:36.960
-flyer is actually holding two strings and the strings are pulling each on a triangle
+01:38:57.860 --> 01:39:00.860
+Let's stay focused on the phenomenon that we can harness.
 
-01:33:36.960 --> 01:33:42.280
-of string like this and now the interesting thing is is that the wind is blowing in this
+01:39:00.860 --> 01:39:08.860
+Instead of trying to convince all of our children that they're nothing more than chemistry and physics.
 
-01:33:42.280 --> 01:33:47.760
-direction right toward the kite and the kite is designed to make it fly up and so in this
+01:39:08.860 --> 01:39:11.860
+Because that's ridiculous.
 
-01:33:47.760 --> 01:33:52.400
-case if I change this around like this the kite's going to fly up right and so it flies
+01:39:11.860 --> 01:39:13.860
+I really believe that.
 
-01:33:52.400 --> 01:33:57.600
-in the direction of the nose because the wind is blowing this way and then the kite is designed
+01:39:13.860 --> 01:39:15.860
+I really think that's at the heart of this.
 
-01:33:57.600 --> 01:34:02.240
-to have a nose and then the wind only moves in one direction so it moves through the air.
+01:39:15.860 --> 01:39:19.860
+We have to convince our young people that they're much more valuable than that.
 
-01:34:02.240 --> 01:34:08.520
-The cool thing is that these kites also have attractor states where they are very stable
+01:39:19.860 --> 01:39:22.860
+That they're much more precious than that.
 
-01:34:08.600 --> 01:34:14.920
-facing if the wind is coming from you this is the way you would be flying the kite but the kite is
+01:39:23.860 --> 01:39:26.860
+We need to go back to the stage where people aren't getting tattoos.
 
-01:34:14.920 --> 01:34:20.840
-also stable in this position the kite is also stable in this position and the kite can also
+01:39:26.860 --> 01:39:33.860
+Where people are very interested in whether or not should I pierce my ear or not.
 
-01:34:20.840 --> 01:34:26.680
-rotate in these positions but if you get it the lines tangled around the end of the kite or whatever
+01:39:33.860 --> 01:39:35.860
+That's where we need to go back to.
 
-01:34:26.680 --> 01:34:33.120
-then it's not going to fly anymore and so the trick of flying a kite is to jerk the kite in and out of
+01:39:35.860 --> 01:39:39.860
+And I think that if you start to see.
 
-01:34:33.120 --> 01:34:39.200
-the wind and get it to settle into different attractor states and then spin around in the wind
+01:39:39.860 --> 01:39:42.860
+I'll give you another example.
 
-01:34:39.200 --> 01:34:44.320
-while the wind is still moving and give it slack in the right way so that when you pull it back
+01:39:42.860 --> 01:39:46.860
+I don't know if I can get that out of my list.
 
-01:34:44.320 --> 01:34:50.680
-into the flight position the lines are still free of the kite itself. Now what I want you to do is
+01:39:46.860 --> 01:39:48.860
+Let's see if that's a good one.
 
-01:34:50.680 --> 01:34:57.520
-watch this video and think very carefully about how your brain interprets what's going on here
+01:39:48.860 --> 01:39:50.860
+Is that listed here?
 
-01:34:57.520 --> 01:35:05.040
-because there are very few variables there is the static shape of this kite one shape in three
+01:39:50.860 --> 01:39:52.860
+Yeah, let's do this one.
 
-01:35:05.040 --> 01:35:11.840
-dimensions there is the static direction of the wind it's one direction and he's on the beach which
+01:39:52.860 --> 01:39:54.860
+Shall we do this one?
 
-01:35:11.840 --> 01:35:18.000
-means it's laboratory grade wind it's going to be the same speed from the ground all the way up to
+01:39:54.860 --> 01:40:00.860
+To keep doing this to a raw egg until it spins and then catch it and stop it.
 
-01:35:18.000 --> 01:35:23.200
-the top of the flight window and so all of the flight is going to be very smooth and the variables
+01:40:00.860 --> 01:40:06.860
+This is one of my favorite math teachers that I like to share with people.
 
-01:35:23.200 --> 01:35:29.360
-will be limited because the wind is not from everywhere like it's in Pittsburgh Dutch kite flying
+01:40:06.860 --> 01:40:12.860
+Let's listen to this and then I'll end the show.
 
-01:35:29.360 --> 01:35:36.160
-is the best kite flying in the universe and you can lose literally weekends with your feet in the
+01:40:20.860 --> 01:40:41.860
+Thank you.
 
-01:35:36.160 --> 01:35:43.920
-sand and get like emergency room level sunburn because it's so zen so watch this kite fly try to
+01:40:41.860 --> 01:40:47.860
+Once in a while you run into somebody who happens to be carrying around an inclined plane.
 
-01:35:43.920 --> 01:35:49.920
-figure out how it is that somebody with only two lines and two handles can make the kite do what
+01:40:47.860 --> 01:40:53.860
+And he produces from the recess of his toy box two jars.
 
-01:35:49.920 --> 01:35:57.200
-Lars makes it do and then think about the idea that we're talking about one three-dimensional
+01:40:53.860 --> 01:40:58.860
+One of them is filled with top quality basmati rights from India.
 
-01:35:57.200 --> 01:36:06.160
-shape with two lines and a protein is a three-dimensional shape with electrostatic charge
+01:40:58.860 --> 01:41:04.860
+And the other one is filled with top quality air from Birmingham.
 
-01:36:06.960 --> 01:36:16.240
-in a electrostatic polar solvent water and it is attached to other three-dimensional magnetic
+01:41:04.860 --> 01:41:10.860
+And they can be made to roll down this slope.
 
-01:36:16.240 --> 01:36:22.160
-electrostatic three-dimensional shapes that are in a polar solvent called water
+01:41:10.860 --> 01:41:13.860
+You can see that they roll down quite fast.
 
-01:36:24.160 --> 01:36:30.960
-and we are being told that we understand how proteins fold and we understand how DNA gets
+01:41:13.860 --> 01:41:17.860
+Not exactly the same way because the moment of inertia is doing something,
 
-01:36:30.960 --> 01:36:42.000
-translated into proteins and to describe the physics of what Lars is doing would be pretty
+01:41:17.860 --> 01:41:22.860
+but they roll down quite fast.
 
-01:36:42.320 --> 01:36:47.600
-complicated so how in the world can we already be so i got to slow it down sorry
+01:41:22.860 --> 01:41:32.860
+Now, what I propose to do is to investigate how the speed of descent,
 
-01:36:49.200 --> 01:36:51.440
-that's why this music sounds a little bad
+01:41:32.860 --> 01:41:36.860
+how fast it goes down, depends on the amount of grains inside.
 
-01:36:53.920 --> 01:36:57.360
-let's start it over again so you can see exactly what i'm talking about
+01:41:36.860 --> 01:41:39.860
+Here we have a big question mark.
 
-01:37:03.120 --> 01:37:08.160
-so think very carefully now how would you describe what's happening here how do we understand this
+01:41:39.860 --> 01:41:44.860
+The only two data points available, we know that when the jar is practically empty,
 
-01:37:12.880 --> 01:37:23.120
-I want you to think about a protein as a kite connected to another kite connected to another
+01:41:44.860 --> 01:41:48.860
+that's represented by zero, it's quite fast.
 
-01:37:23.120 --> 01:37:28.240
-kite and each one of the 20 amino acids has a different shape that interacts with the wind in
+01:41:48.860 --> 01:41:52.860
+And on the other hand, when the jar is practically full, that's represented by one,
 
-01:37:28.240 --> 01:37:34.480
-a different way and depending on how they are connected depending on the bridal connection
+01:41:52.860 --> 01:41:54.860
+it's also going down quite fast.
 
-01:37:34.480 --> 01:37:40.080
-between them depending on the the sugars that are deposited on them depending on the speed that
+01:41:54.860 --> 01:41:55.860
+So how does that work?
 
-01:37:40.080 --> 01:37:44.480
-they come through the ribosome depending on the particular kind of ribosome
+01:41:55.860 --> 01:41:59.860
+Well, let us experiment immediately.
 
-01:37:45.840 --> 01:37:49.840
-the chain of kites will come out in a very different way and fly in a very different way
+01:41:59.860 --> 01:42:05.860
+And in order to make the contrast striking, I shall leave one of the jars about two thirds full,
 
-01:37:49.840 --> 01:37:56.560
-and have a very different effect on other proteins and we claim to be able to reasonably understand
+01:42:05.860 --> 01:42:09.860
+one third empty depending on the degree of optimism, and the other one,
 
-01:37:56.560 --> 01:38:03.280
-that or we're very soon going to be able to understand it can you understand what Lars is
+01:42:09.860 --> 01:42:12.860
+one third full or two thirds empty.
 
-01:38:03.280 --> 01:38:14.160
-doing right now does it make sense to you because i assure you whatever's going on in the
+01:42:12.860 --> 01:42:15.860
+So I shall do that.
 
-01:38:14.160 --> 01:38:20.880
-simplest protein is much more complex than this the physics and the chemistry are much more complex
+01:42:15.860 --> 01:42:22.860
+Is that a good amount? Maybe a little more.
 
-01:38:20.880 --> 01:38:28.000
-than the physics of this even a whole chain of these and we can understand this i have no doubt
+01:42:22.860 --> 01:42:24.860
+Good.
 
-01:38:28.000 --> 01:38:34.960
-we can understand this but trying to understand the irreducible complexity of protein folding
+01:42:24.860 --> 01:42:28.860
+Let's begin with the two thirds full one.
 
-01:38:34.960 --> 01:38:43.440
-of protein modification and of the the the pattern integrity that is a cell never mind tissue never
+01:42:28.860 --> 01:42:34.860
+Now, as far as I can imagine, there are three possibilities on there.
 
-01:38:43.440 --> 01:38:52.080
-mind an organism a developing baby a developing teenager my goodness ladies and gentlemen let's
+01:42:34.860 --> 01:42:39.860
+Perhaps it will go down at the same speed as before between those two points,
 
-01:38:52.080 --> 01:38:56.880
-let's stay focused on the physics and chemistry we can understand let's stay focused on the
+01:42:39.860 --> 01:42:46.860
+because if you remember the story and believe the story of Galileo dropping those two heavy balls from the tower of Pisa,
 
-01:38:56.880 --> 01:39:04.400
-phenomenon that we can harness instead of trying to convince all of our children that
+01:42:46.860 --> 01:42:52.860
+the speed of descent didn't depend on the weight, and perhaps it's the same with grains.
 
-01:39:04.400 --> 01:39:11.680
-they're nothing more than chemistry and physics because that's ridiculous i really believe that i
+01:42:52.860 --> 01:42:58.860
+In that case, it will be the same speed no matter what amount of sand, amount of grains,
 
-01:39:11.680 --> 01:39:16.800
-really think that's at the heart of this we have to convince our our young people that they're much
+01:42:58.860 --> 01:43:00.860
+amount of rice inside.
 
-01:39:16.800 --> 01:39:22.240
-more valuable than that that they're much more precious than that that you know we need to go
+01:43:00.860 --> 01:43:02.860
+Perhaps it will go down at the same speed.
 
-01:39:22.320 --> 01:39:28.000
-back to the stage where people aren't getting tattoos where people are very interested in
+01:43:02.860 --> 01:43:04.860
+On that hand, maybe it will go down faster.
 
-01:39:28.000 --> 01:39:35.120
-whether or not should i pierce my ear or not that's where we need to go back to and i think that
+01:43:04.860 --> 01:43:06.860
+Or perhaps it will go down slower.
 
-01:39:35.120 --> 01:39:42.640
-that if you start to see i'll give you another example um i don't know if i can yeah i can i can
+01:43:06.860 --> 01:43:07.860
+So let's take a vote.
 
-01:39:42.640 --> 01:39:47.520
-get that out of my list let me give let's see if that's a good one is that listed here
+01:43:07.860 --> 01:43:12.860
+Who thinks it will go down at the same speed as before?
 
-01:39:48.480 --> 01:39:55.200
-yeah okay let's do this one shall we do this one just to keep doing this to a raw egg until
+01:43:12.860 --> 01:43:16.860
+Who thinks it will go down faster than before? Faster, faster.
 
-01:39:55.200 --> 01:40:01.520
-it spins and then catch it to stop it and and instantly this is one of my favorite um math
+01:43:16.860 --> 01:43:21.860
+Who thinks it will go down more slowly than before?
 
-01:40:01.520 --> 01:40:08.880
-teachers that i like to share with people and i'll just let's let's again just let's listen to
+01:43:21.860 --> 01:43:24.860
+Who's two-shite vote?
 
-01:40:08.880 --> 01:40:13.040
-this and then i'll i'll end the show
+01:43:24.860 --> 01:43:27.860
+Well, let's do this.
 
-01:40:39.760 --> 01:40:44.560
-once in a while you run into somebody who happens to be carrying around an inclined plane
+01:43:28.860 --> 01:43:31.860
+So this is two-thirds.
 
-01:40:46.400 --> 01:40:54.800
-and he produces from the recess of his toy box two jars one of them is filled with top quality
+01:43:31.860 --> 01:43:32.860
+Are you ready?
 
-01:40:54.800 --> 01:41:01.120
-basmati rights from india and the other one is filled with top quality air from Birmingham
+01:43:32.860 --> 01:43:41.860
+It starts going down, and it goes down very, very slowly, very slowly.
 
-01:41:01.600 --> 01:41:12.240
-and they can be made to roll down this slope you can see that they roll down quite fast not
+01:43:41.860 --> 01:43:47.860
+Not only does it go down slowly, but there is a very interesting phenomenon going on.
 
-01:41:12.240 --> 01:41:17.120
-quite exactly the same way because the moment of inertia is doing something but they roll down
+01:43:47.860 --> 01:43:54.860
+Along what we make called free surface, the surface that's exposed between the grains and the air,
 
-01:41:17.120 --> 01:41:30.240
-quite fast now what i propose to do is to investigate how the speed of descent
+01:43:54.860 --> 01:43:57.860
+there is a sort of avalanche land slide going on.
 
-01:41:31.120 --> 01:41:37.760
-how fast it goes down depends on the amount of grains inside here we have a big question mark
+01:43:57.860 --> 01:44:03.860
+The sand and the rice grains are going down, just sliding down all the time.
 
-01:41:37.760 --> 01:41:43.840
-only two data points available we know that when the jar is practically empty that's represented by
+01:44:03.860 --> 01:44:09.860
+And the rest of the rice, on the other hand, the rest of the rice grains are sticking to the receptacle,
 
-01:41:43.840 --> 01:41:49.760
-zero it's quite fast and on the other hand when the jar is practically full that's represented by
+01:44:09.860 --> 01:44:10.860
+to the jar.
 
-01:41:49.760 --> 01:41:56.720
-one it's also going down quite fast so how does that work well let us experiment immediately
+01:44:10.860 --> 01:44:14.860
+In some sense, therefore, if you have studied something like fluid dynamics,
 
-01:41:57.680 --> 01:42:03.440
-and in order to make the contrast striking i shall leave one of the jars about two thirds full
+01:44:14.860 --> 01:44:19.860
+you can say that it's acting like viscous fluid, sticky fluid.
 
-01:42:03.440 --> 01:42:08.640
-or one third empty depending on the degree of optimism and the other one one third full
+01:44:19.860 --> 01:44:22.860
+By the way, you can do the same experiment with honey,
 
-01:42:08.640 --> 01:42:16.240
-or two thirds empty so i shall do that is that is that a good amount maybe a little more
+01:44:22.860 --> 01:44:25.860
+and if you do it with honey, something interesting happens.
 
-01:42:16.960 --> 01:42:30.800
-good let's begin with the two thirds full one now as far as i can imagine there are three
+01:44:25.860 --> 01:44:27.860
+We shall come back in a moment.
 
-01:42:30.800 --> 01:42:37.440
-possibilities on there perhaps it will go down at the same speed as before between those two
+01:44:27.860 --> 01:44:31.860
+Okay, so that was the first experiment.
 
-01:42:37.440 --> 01:42:42.560
-points because if you remember the story and believe the story of galley dropping those two
+01:44:31.860 --> 01:44:34.860
+Now, let's go through the next one.
 
-01:42:42.640 --> 01:42:48.960
-heavy balls from the tower pizza the speed of descent didn't depend on the weight and perhaps
+01:44:34.860 --> 01:44:39.860
+Okay, so he's might not get to the honey, because I do have to go to basketball in a few minutes.
 
-01:42:48.960 --> 01:42:55.600
-it's the same with grains in that case it will be the same speed no matter what and amount of sand
+01:44:39.860 --> 01:44:43.860
+The honey experiment, if you put the honey on there, the jar won't move at all,
 
-01:42:55.600 --> 01:43:00.880
-amount of grains i amount to rice inside so perhaps it will go down at the same speed on that hand
+01:44:43.860 --> 01:44:46.860
+and if you come back in about a half an hour, the jar will have moved.
 
-01:43:00.880 --> 01:43:06.400
-maybe it will go down faster or perhaps it will go down slower so let's take a vote who thinks he
+01:44:46.860 --> 01:44:49.860
+When you come back in another half an hour, it will have moved again.
 
-01:43:06.480 --> 01:43:13.520
-to go down at the same speed as before who thinks he to go down faster than before faster faster
+01:44:49.860 --> 01:44:53.860
+And so honey is just a very extreme example of the fluid dynamics that are shown here.
 
-01:43:14.560 --> 01:43:18.000
-who thinks he could it will go down slowly than before
+01:44:53.860 --> 01:45:00.860
+What I'm trying to get at is that proteins and their production, if it occurs in the way that we're told,
 
-01:43:20.080 --> 01:43:30.480
-who's to shy to vote well let's do this okay so this is two thirds are you ready
+01:45:00.860 --> 01:45:06.860
+which is an RNA goes through a ribosome and then a protein comes out some other hole.
 
-01:43:31.440 --> 01:43:38.880
-it starts going down and it goes down very very slowly very slowly
+01:45:06.860 --> 01:45:11.860
+That is all occurring inside of water at the molecular scale,
 
-01:43:40.160 --> 01:43:45.280
-not only does it go down slowly but there is a very interesting phenomenon going on
+01:45:11.860 --> 01:45:18.860
+and water behaves more like polarized magnets the size of rice grains than it would any other,
 
-01:43:46.160 --> 01:43:52.240
-along what we make called the free surface the surface that's exposed between the grains and
+01:45:18.860 --> 01:45:22.860
+you can't come up with any other analogy for it.
 
-01:43:52.240 --> 01:43:57.920
-the air there is a sort of avalanche land slide going on the sand and the rice grains are going
+01:45:22.860 --> 01:45:27.860
+It's water, and it's water at the molecular scale, which is one of the reasons why a lot of the talk
 
-01:43:57.920 --> 01:44:04.720
-down just sliding down all the time and the rest of the rice on the other hand the rest of the
+01:45:27.860 --> 01:45:31.860
+about what water does at the molecular scale is so important
 
-01:44:04.720 --> 01:44:11.920
-rice grains are sticking to the receptacle to the jar in some sense therefore if you have studied
+01:45:31.860 --> 01:45:37.860
+and why what water does at the molecular scale around proteins and DNA and in cells is important,
 
-01:44:11.920 --> 01:44:16.640
-something like fluid dynamics you can say that it's acting like viscous fluid sticky fluid
+01:45:37.860 --> 01:45:46.860
+because it is a repetitive shaped polar molecule that can assume a crystal lattice can dissolve many things in it.
 
-01:44:18.000 --> 01:44:22.880
-by the way you can do the same experiment with honey and if you do it with honey something
+01:45:46.860 --> 01:45:51.860
+And so the structure that those molecules take can be ordered or unordered,
 
-01:44:22.880 --> 01:44:28.480
-interesting happens we shall come back that in a moment okay so that was the first experiment
+01:45:51.860 --> 01:45:54.860
+and the ordered water has different properties.
 
-01:44:30.160 --> 01:44:36.080
-now let's go through the next one one third okay so he's might not get to the honey because I do
+01:45:54.860 --> 01:45:59.860
+Ordered water could be ordered around proteins and around biomolecules,
 
-01:44:36.080 --> 01:44:40.320
-have to go to basketball in a few minutes the honey experiment if you put the honey on there the jar
+01:45:59.860 --> 01:46:05.860
+so trying to understand what these biomolecules do in the context of the polar solvent of water
 
-01:44:40.320 --> 01:44:44.720
-won't move at all and if you come back in about a half an hour the jar will have moved and then
+01:46:05.860 --> 01:46:12.860
+is a very complex system to model, that we are not even coming close to modeling.
 
-01:44:44.720 --> 01:44:49.760
-you come back another half an hour to have moved again and so honey is just a very extreme example
+01:46:12.860 --> 01:46:19.860
+And I'm trying to give you, if I'm not failing, an example of a system where there are many little parts
 
-01:44:49.840 --> 01:44:52.800
-of the fluid dynamics that are shown here what I'm trying to get at
+01:46:19.860 --> 01:46:27.860
+that collectively produce results that aren't intuitive to how we apply our understanding to the physical world,
 
-01:44:53.520 --> 01:45:00.000
-is that proteins and their production if it occurs in the way that we're told which is an RNA goes
+01:46:27.860 --> 01:46:32.860
+and nothing about how we understand the physical world of life applies at the molecular scale
 
-01:45:00.000 --> 01:45:05.760
-through it goes through a ribosome and then a protein comes out some other hole that is all
+01:46:32.860 --> 01:46:38.860
+with regard to protein folding, protein interaction, protein regulation, degradation, et cetera.
 
-01:45:05.760 --> 01:45:13.600
-occurring inside of water at the molecular scale and water behaves more like polarized magnets
+01:46:38.860 --> 01:46:45.860
+And so they are grossly over-exaggerating how much we understand about the link between DNA and protein
 
-01:45:13.600 --> 01:45:20.720
-the size of rice grains than it would any other you can't come up with any other analogy for it
+01:46:45.860 --> 01:46:50.860
+and how proteins work to produce the pattern integrity that is us.
 
-01:45:20.720 --> 01:45:25.680
-it's water and it's water at the molecular scale which is one of the reasons why a lot of the talk
+01:46:50.860 --> 01:46:54.860
+Are there proteins? Yes, are there DNA probably? Is there mRNA probably?
 
-01:45:26.240 --> 01:45:32.320
-about what water does at the molecular scale is so important and why what water does at the molecular
+01:46:54.860 --> 01:47:01.860
+Are there ribosomes that do that? Of course.
 
-01:45:32.320 --> 01:45:38.480
-scale around proteins and DNA and in cells is important because it is a repetitive shaped
+01:47:01.860 --> 01:47:05.860
+But that's, again, like saying that there are strings on the violin.
 
-01:45:39.200 --> 01:45:46.800
-polar molecule that can assume a crystal lattice can dissolve many things in it and so the structure
+01:47:05.860 --> 01:47:10.860
+This wood has been used to produce it. If there's a crack in the neck, a violin could break,
 
-01:45:46.800 --> 01:45:52.240
-that those molecules take can be ordered or unordered and the ordered water has different
+01:47:10.860 --> 01:47:17.860
+but understanding how a stratovarius is produced and made, because you understand that that's the kind of wood
 
-01:45:52.240 --> 01:45:59.120
-properties ordered water could be ordered around proteins and around biomolecules so trying to
+01:47:17.860 --> 01:47:23.860
+or that that cracks a bad sign or that the strings make the noise, doesn't really tell you that you understand
 
-01:45:59.120 --> 01:46:05.040
-understand what these biomolecules do in the context of the polar solvent of water is a very
+01:47:23.860 --> 01:47:28.860
+what a stratovarius violin is, and that's all the farther we've gotten with understanding life.
 
-01:46:05.040 --> 01:46:12.720
-complex system to model that we are not even coming close to modeling and I'm trying to give
+01:47:28.860 --> 01:47:33.860
+We are at the stage where we can describe why a crack in the neck of the violin is a bad thing
 
-01:46:12.720 --> 01:46:19.520
-you if I'm not failing an example of a system where there are many little parts that collectively
+01:47:33.860 --> 01:47:39.860
+and we can understand that the sound comes from the strings vibrating and resonating with the body.
 
-01:46:19.520 --> 01:46:25.920
-produce results that aren't intuitive to how we apply our understanding to the physical world and
+01:47:39.860 --> 01:47:42.860
+That's it. That's all we got.
 
-01:46:25.920 --> 01:46:31.520
-nothing about how we understand the physical world of life applies at the molecular scale with
+01:47:42.860 --> 01:47:47.860
+We haven't even gotten to the stage yet where we can appreciate the idea that whatever varnish was used on the violin
 
-01:46:31.520 --> 01:46:38.000
-regard to protein folding protein interaction protein regulation degradation etc and so
+01:47:47.860 --> 01:47:51.860
+could have a significant effect on its total qualities.
 
-01:46:38.000 --> 01:46:44.080
-they are grossly over exaggerating how much we understand about the link between DNA and protein
+01:47:51.860 --> 01:47:55.860
+Never mind thinking about how the varnish would be made or who would have made it
 
-01:46:44.080 --> 01:46:50.720
-and how proteins work to produce the pattern integrity that is us are there proteins yes are
+01:47:55.860 --> 01:47:58.860
+or why they chose the ingredients that they did.
 
-01:46:50.720 --> 01:46:56.080
-their DNA probably is their mRNA probably are there ribosomes that do that of course
+01:47:58.860 --> 01:48:03.860
+And yet they're already telling you that they know how to make the stratovarius violin
 
-01:46:56.720 --> 01:47:05.360
-but that's again like saying that there are strings on the violin there are this wood has been used
+01:48:03.860 --> 01:48:06.860
+and they're going to make each one of us into one.
 
-01:47:05.360 --> 01:47:11.360
-to produce it if there's a crack in the neck a violin could break but understanding how a stratovarius
+01:48:06.860 --> 01:48:09.860
+Okay, listen to this guy, because I really think he's fun.
 
-01:47:11.360 --> 01:47:17.280
-is produced and made because you understand that that's the kind of wood or that that cracks a bad
+01:48:09.860 --> 01:48:12.860
+Now they have four possibilities on there.
 
-01:47:17.280 --> 01:47:22.960
-sign or that the strings make the noise doesn't really tell you that you understand what a stratovarius
+01:48:12.860 --> 01:48:17.860
+Perhaps it will go down faster than when it was full or empty.
 
-01:47:23.040 --> 01:47:28.320
-violin is and that's all the farther we've gotten with understanding life we are at the stage where
+01:48:17.860 --> 01:48:22.860
+Oh, perhaps it will go down faster than this, but slower than when it was full or empty.
 
-01:47:28.320 --> 01:47:33.760
-we can describe why a crack in the neck of the violin is a bad thing and we can understand that
+01:48:22.860 --> 01:48:24.860
+So halfway between.
 
-01:47:33.760 --> 01:47:39.520
-the sound comes from the the strings vibrating and resonating with the body that's it that's all we
+01:48:24.860 --> 01:48:28.860
+Or perhaps it will be very sluggish and even more slowly than this.
 
-01:47:39.520 --> 01:47:45.600
-got we haven't even gotten to the stage yet where we can appreciate the idea that whatever varnish
+01:48:28.860 --> 01:48:33.860
+Or those of you who have symmetric minds, like mathematicians, might say
 
-01:47:45.600 --> 01:47:51.840
-was used on the violin could have a significant effect on its total qualities never mind thinking
+01:48:33.860 --> 01:48:37.860
+there must be some symmetry between F and one minus F, if you see what I mean.
 
-01:47:51.920 --> 01:47:56.000
-about how the varnish would be made or who would have made it or why they chose the ingredients
+01:48:37.860 --> 01:48:42.860
+So perhaps it will go down at the same speed as this one, so a little bit slower down.
 
-01:47:56.000 --> 01:48:01.520
-that they did and yet they're already telling you that they know how to make the stratovarius
+01:48:42.860 --> 01:48:49.860
+So who thinks it will be the champion and go down very fast, faster than zero one?
 
-01:48:01.520 --> 01:48:07.280
-violin and they're going to make each one of us into one okay listen to this guy because i really
+01:48:49.860 --> 01:48:51.860
+Those are the risk takers.
 
-01:48:07.280 --> 01:48:14.320
-think he's fun now they have four possibilities and perhaps it'll go down faster than when he was
+01:48:51.860 --> 01:48:58.860
+Who thinks it will go down faster than this one, but slower than zero one?
 
-01:48:15.040 --> 01:48:20.400
-full or empty or perhaps it will go down faster than this but slower than when he was full or
+01:48:58.860 --> 01:49:01.860
+By the way, reasonable people vote for this option, yeah?
 
-01:48:20.400 --> 01:48:25.920
-empty so halfway between or perhaps it will be very sluggish and go down even more slowly than
+01:49:01.860 --> 01:49:08.860
+Okay, and who thinks it will go down even more slowly than what we have seen right now?
 
-01:48:25.920 --> 01:48:32.400
-this or those of you who have symmetric minds like mathematicians might say there must be some
+01:49:08.860 --> 01:49:13.860
+And who thinks it will go down more or less at the same speed as the previous experiment?
 
-01:48:32.400 --> 01:48:38.240
-symmetry between f and one minus f if you see what i mean so perhaps it will go down at the same speed
+01:49:13.860 --> 01:49:17.860
+So symmetry school, those are the mathematical reminded people, congratulations.
 
-01:48:38.320 --> 01:48:45.120
-as this one so a little bit slow down so who thinks it would be the champion and go down very fast
+01:49:17.860 --> 01:49:19.860
+Okay, so let's try to do this.
 
-01:48:45.120 --> 01:48:53.280
-faster than zero one those are the risk takers who thinks it will go down faster than this one
+01:49:19.860 --> 01:49:23.860
+Nothing up this sleeve, nothing up this sleeve.
 
-01:48:53.280 --> 01:49:00.960
-but slower than zero one by the way reasonable people vote for this option yeah okay and who thinks
+01:49:23.860 --> 01:49:25.860
+Are you ready?
 
-01:49:01.040 --> 01:49:08.400
-it will go down even more slowly than what we have seen right now and who thinks it will go down
+01:49:35.860 --> 01:49:39.860
+Not only does it stop completely dead, but it's quite stable.
 
-01:49:08.400 --> 01:49:14.160
-more or less at the same speed as the previous experiment so symmetry school those are the
+01:49:39.860 --> 01:49:43.860
+I mean, I can push it and then no, no, no, I don't want to go.
 
-01:49:14.160 --> 01:49:19.760
-mathematical reminded people congratulations okay so let's try to do this yeah nothing up this
+01:49:44.860 --> 01:49:52.860
+It stops completely dead, which I want you to imagine the idea how this shape.
 
-01:49:20.560 --> 01:49:25.040
-are you ready
+01:49:52.860 --> 01:50:01.860
+Imagine the idea that in protein dynamics, in genetic dynamics, in the dynamics between DNA and cell division,
 
-01:49:33.840 --> 01:49:39.120
-not not only does it stop completely dead but it's quite stable i mean i can push it and then
+01:50:01.860 --> 01:50:10.860
+in the dynamics between DNA and RNA translation, in the dynamics between RNA translation and piece and protein folding,
 
-01:49:39.120 --> 01:49:45.520
-no no no i don't want to go yeah it stops completely dead which
+01:50:10.860 --> 01:50:17.860
+there are non-intuitive processes like this one that have relatively simple mathematical explanations,
 
-01:49:46.480 --> 01:49:55.440
-i want you to imagine the idea how this shape imagine the idea that in protein dynamics in
+01:50:17.860 --> 01:50:24.860
+but are nevertheless extremely in a non-intuitive and layered on top of one another,
 
-01:49:55.440 --> 01:50:02.480
-genetic dynamics in the dynamics between dna and cell division in the dynamics between dna and rna
+01:50:24.860 --> 01:50:32.860
+so that even if you understood one of those layers, there would be several other unknown layers on top of which all summarize
 
-01:50:02.480 --> 01:50:11.120
-translation in the dynamics between rna translation and piece and protein folding there are non-intuitive
+01:50:32.860 --> 01:50:43.860
+and summate to become the pattern integrity of a protein, of a cell, of a tissue, of an organism.
 
-01:50:11.120 --> 01:50:17.440
-processes like this one that have relatively simple mathematical explanations but are nevertheless
+01:50:43.860 --> 01:50:47.860
+Now, I'm not saying that we can't make a lot of progress in understanding these systems.
 
-01:50:17.440 --> 01:50:25.120
-extremely in a non-intuitive and layered on top of one another so that even if you understood
+01:50:47.860 --> 01:50:50.860
+I'm not saying that these are uncrackable questions.
 
-01:50:25.120 --> 01:50:31.200
-one of those layers there would be several other unknown layers on top of which all summarize and
+01:50:50.860 --> 01:50:52.860
+I'm saying that right now we haven't cracked them.
 
-01:50:31.200 --> 01:50:40.240
-summate to to become the pattern integrity of a protein of a cell of a tissue of an organism
+01:50:52.860 --> 01:50:56.860
+I'm saying that we've been talking about how we're going to, for a very long time,
 
-01:50:41.760 --> 01:50:45.680
-now i'm not saying that we can't make a lot of progress in understanding these systems i'm
+01:50:56.860 --> 01:51:03.860
+and they've known for a long time that we aren't going to not without a drastic reorganization of how we think about ourselves,
 
-01:50:45.680 --> 01:50:50.880
-not saying that these are uncrackable questions i'm saying that right now we haven't cracked
+01:51:03.860 --> 01:51:10.860
+how we think about our kids, and how we think about the sovereignty over those very sacred bodies,
 
-01:50:50.880 --> 01:50:55.760
-them i'm saying that we've been talking about how we're gonna for a very long time and they've known
+01:51:10.860 --> 01:51:15.860
+those very sacred beings.
 
-01:50:55.840 --> 01:51:01.760
-for a long time that we aren't gonna not without a drastic reorganization of how we think about
+01:51:15.860 --> 01:51:23.860
+They have to get rid of the sacred in order for them to have any hope of cracking the irreducible complexity of life.
 
-01:51:01.760 --> 01:51:06.880
-ourselves how we think about our kids and how we think about the sovereignty over those very
+01:51:23.860 --> 01:51:26.860
+That's what this is all about. I don't know if this was a very wandering stream or not.
 
-01:51:06.880 --> 01:51:17.120
-sacred bodies those very sacred beings they have to get rid of the sacred in order for them to have
+01:51:26.860 --> 01:51:29.860
+We'll go back to that vendor. Maybe I'll watch the video beforehand.
 
-01:51:17.120 --> 01:51:23.760
-any hope of cracking the irreducible complexity of life that's what this is all about i don't know
+01:51:29.860 --> 01:51:34.860
+I'm sorry that this was such a weird break in the matrix there.
 
-01:51:23.760 --> 01:51:27.440
-if this was a very wandering stream or not we'll go back to that vendor maybe i'll watch the video
+01:51:34.860 --> 01:51:39.860
+It wasn't really my plan, but I suddenly wanted to do the kite video for some reason.
 
-01:51:27.440 --> 01:51:34.160
-beforehand i'm sorry that this was such a weird um break in the in the matrix there it wasn't really
+01:51:39.860 --> 01:51:42.860
+I hope this, and then this one seemed like it would follow perfectly.
 
-01:51:34.160 --> 01:51:39.120
-my plan but i wanted to do i suddenly wanted to do the kite video for some reason i hope this and
+01:51:42.860 --> 01:51:47.860
+I don't know. Sometimes this one man show doesn't go quite as I plan,
 
-01:51:39.120 --> 01:51:44.480
-then this one seemed like it would follow perfectly i don't know sometimes this one man show um
+01:51:47.860 --> 01:51:51.860
+but I've been putting a lot of work into the coming pre-on discussion,
 
-01:51:44.480 --> 01:51:50.320
-doesn't go quite as i plan but i've been putting a lot of work into the coming um pre-owned discussion
+01:51:51.860 --> 01:51:56.860
+and so sometimes these streams will feel a little bit like they're on the seat of the pants,
 
-01:51:50.320 --> 01:51:55.200
-and so sometimes these streams will be will feel a little bit like they're on the seat of the
+01:51:56.860 --> 01:51:59.860
+but when I get an intuition like that, I feel like I got to do it.
 
-01:51:55.200 --> 01:51:59.360
-pants but when i get an intuition like that i feel like i got to do it so hopefully it wasn't
+01:51:59.860 --> 01:52:03.860
+So hopefully it wasn't too bad. Thank you very much for joining me.
 
-01:52:00.000 --> 01:52:04.560
-too bad thank you very much for joining me i'm off to basketball i might see it tonight but
+01:52:03.860 --> 01:52:06.860
+I'm off to basketball. I might see it tonight, but I'll definitely see you tomorrow.
 
-01:52:04.560 --> 01:52:08.800
-i'll definitely see it tomorrow and then thursday don't forget thomas binder is joining big show big
+01:52:06.860 --> 01:52:11.860
+And then Thursday, don't forget Thomas Binder is joining Big Show, Big Show.
 
-01:52:08.800 --> 01:52:15.680
-show um and it's 3 30 if you have the link uh don't forget that i think thomas binder is actually
+01:52:11.860 --> 01:52:19.860
+And it's 3.30. If you have the link, don't forget that I think Thomas Binder is actually speaking at the medical doctors for COVID ethics right now,
 
-01:52:15.680 --> 01:52:20.160
-speaking at the medical doctors for covid ethics right now so you could catch that um
+01:52:19.860 --> 01:52:24.860
+so you could catch that. Anyway, thanks for joining me. I'll see you guys again tomorrow.
 
-01:52:20.160 --> 01:52:22.800
-anyway thanks for joining me i'll see you guys again tomorrow
+01:52:34.860 --> 01:52:37.860
+This is the micro kite. There's actually a whole video about the micro kite.
 
-01:52:32.560 --> 01:52:37.040
-this is the micro kite there's actually a whole video about the micro kite you can find video of
+01:52:37.860 --> 01:52:39.860
+You can find a video of me flying it.
 
-01:52:37.040 --> 01:52:43.920
-me flying it and if you want to look icky tv does have a video of me flying in norway quite a long
+01:52:39.860 --> 01:52:46.860
+And if you want to look, icky TV does have a video of me flying in Norway quite a long time ago.
 
-01:52:43.920 --> 01:52:50.480
-time ago um i'm not a very good pilot anymore but at one time um i was i was really skilled
+01:52:46.860 --> 01:52:51.860
+I'm not a very good pilot anymore, but at one time, I was really skilled.
 
-01:52:50.480 --> 01:52:55.360
-i wonder what i could do now probably most of the tricks but some of the more complicated ones
+01:52:51.860 --> 01:52:56.860
+I wonder what I could do now. Probably most of the tricks, but some of the more complicated ones
 
-01:52:55.360 --> 01:53:00.880
-that require really perfect timing um it would require me a while to get back into it um but
+01:52:56.860 --> 01:53:01.860
+that require really perfect timing would require me a while to get back into it.
 
-01:53:00.880 --> 01:53:07.280
-actually kite flying like lars did a lot of that flying is actually pretty straightforward once you
+01:53:01.860 --> 01:53:09.860
+But actually kite flying, like Lars did, a lot of that flying is actually pretty straightforward once you get the hang of it.
 
-01:53:07.280 --> 01:53:12.720
-get the hang of it i mean it doesn't take absolutely months and months of practice to learn some
+01:53:09.860 --> 01:53:15.860
+I mean, it doesn't take absolutely months and months of practice to learn some of those basic tricks.
 
-01:53:12.800 --> 01:53:18.240
-of those basic tricks and keeping a kite in the air with good wind is very easy and unbelievably
+01:53:15.860 --> 01:53:20.860
+And keeping a kite in the air with good wind is very easy and unbelievably relaxing.
 
-01:53:18.240 --> 01:53:24.640
-relaxing you can fly circles and squares for hours and never get bored um never mind if you can land
+01:53:20.860 --> 01:53:24.860
+You can fly circles and squares for hours and never get bored.
 
-01:53:24.640 --> 01:53:30.800
-or stand on one one tip and that kind of stuff so um one of the best ways to spend your time if
+01:53:24.860 --> 01:53:29.860
+Never mind if you can land or stand on one tip and that kind of stuff.
 
-01:53:30.800 --> 01:53:34.960
-you've never done it before and have a friend uh kite flying might be the best maybe we can meet
+01:53:29.860 --> 01:53:35.860
+So one of the best ways to spend your time if you've never done it before and have a friend kite flying might be the best.
 
-01:53:35.520 --> 01:53:42.000
-at uh lake ery uh and fly some kite on april eighth for the the eclipse i don't know maybe you can
+01:53:35.860 --> 01:53:42.860
+Maybe we can meet at Lake Erie and fly some kite on April 8th for the eclipse.
 
-01:53:42.000 --> 01:53:46.320
-join us that's where we're going to be see you soon
+01:53:42.860 --> 01:53:45.860
+I don't know, maybe you could join us. That's where we're going to be. See you soon.